1、 Reaffirmation of ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2005 For the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items In-Use Resistance Testing of Gloves and Finger Cots Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 An American National Standard Approved June 15, 2011 ANSI/ESD SP15.1-
2、2011 ESD Association Standard Practice for the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items - In-Use Resistance Testing of Gloves and Finger Cots Approved February 11, 2011 ESD Association ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 Electrostatic Discharge Association (ESDA) standards and publications are desig
3、ned to serve the public interest by eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating the interchangeability and improvement of products and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper product for his particular needs. The existence of such standards
4、and publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of the Association from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such standards and publications. Nor shall the fact that a standard or publication is published by the Association preclude its voluntary use by non
5、-members of the Association whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended standards and publications are adopted by the ESDA in accordance with the ANSI Patent policy. Interpretation of ESDA Standards: The interpretation of standards in-so-far as it may relat
6、e to a specific product or manufacturer is a proper matter for the individual company concerned and cannot be undertaken by any person acting for the ESDA. The ESDA Standards Chairman may make comments limited to an explanation or clarification of the technical language or provisions in a standard,
7、but not related to its application to specific products and manufacturers. No other person is authorized to comment on behalf of the ESDA on any ESDA Standard. THE CONTENTS OF ESDAS STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS,” AND ESDA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
8、, OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CONTENTS. ESDA DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. ESDA STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TECHNICALLY SOUND AT THE TI
9、ME THEY ARE APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION. THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRODUCT SELLERS OR USERS OWN JUDGEMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANY PARTICULAR PRODUCT DISCUSSED, AND ESDA DOES NOT UNDERTAKE TO GUARANTEE THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY INDIVIDUAL MANUFACTURERS PRODUCTS BY VIRTUE OF SUCH STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS
10、. THUS, ESDA EXPRESSLY DISLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE, APPLICATION, OR RELIANCE BY OTHERS ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THESE STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. NEITHER ESDA, NOR ITS MEMBERS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVES WILL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING OUT
11、OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OR MISUSE OF ESDA STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THAT APPLIES TO ALL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOSS OF DATA, INCOME OR PROFIT, LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO PROP
12、ERTY AND CLAIMS OF THIRD PARTIES. Published by: Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 Copyright 2011 by ESD Association All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the pri
13、or written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58537-194-7CAUTION NOTICE DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES DISCLAIMER OF GUARANTY LIMITATION ON ESDAs LIABILITY ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 i(This foreword is not part of ESD Association Standard Practice ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011)
14、FOREWORD This standard practice1is intended to provide test procedures for measuring the intrinsic electrical resistance of gloves and finger cots; as well as the electrical resistance of gloves or finger cots and personnel together as a system. This standard practice applies to all gloves and finge
15、r cots used to control Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). This standard practice provides data that are relevant in the users specific environment and application. The test uses ANSI/ESD STM11.11, Surface Resistance Measurement of Static Dissipative Planar Materials, ANSI/ESD STM 11.12, Volume Resistanc
16、e Measurement of Static Dissipative Planar Materials, ANSI/ESD STM 11.13, Two-Point Resistance Measurement of Dissipative and Insulative Materials and a Constant Area and Force Electrode (CAFE) specifically designed for resistance measurements at the thumb and finger-tips. A further advantage of the
17、 CAFE is that it can be used to test finger cots as well as gloves using an identical procedure. The user of the CAFE test method should note that the in-use resistance of the glove or finger cot can be much lower than its intrinsic resistance as measured by ANSI/ESD STM11.11, STM11.12, or STM11.13.
18、 In addition, once a glove or finger cot is worn it can be measured only once because the glove or finger cot may be contaminated by a persons skin emissions. This contamination could affect the accuracy and reproducibility of further measurements on a particular glove or finger cot. It is suggested
19、, for the best reproducibility for a test group, that gloves or finger cots be selected from the same lot. In the case of testing for lot-to-lot product auditing, compliance verification or variation, gloves or finger cots should be selected from multiple lots. Electrical resistance is one property
20、that can be used to evaluate the electrostatic characteristics of gloves. However, resistance does not fully characterize these materials. An additional property to be considered in the selection and use of gloves and finger cots includes charge accumulation. Suggested test methods for personnel and
21、 glove and finger cot charging will be forthcoming. A common source of electrostatic charge in a work environment is the separation of gloves from the items being picked-up or released, resulting in the generation of electrostatic charge that can accumulate on personnel, gloves or finger cots and in
22、duced into items. The effect of this generation and accumulation of electrostatic charge can be minimized with appropriate selection of glove or finger cots. To effectively control electrostatic discharge on personnel and equipment, gloves and finger cots must be used in combination with other groun
23、ding devices. A glove material, which is conductive enough to discharge a person or an object, may also pose a safety hazard. The work performed on an ESD susceptible item often entails the use of tools and test instruments that operate at voltages high enough to cause electrical shock. The presence
24、 of a material tested using the methods described in this document will not guarantee personnel safety. This document includes test methods that may be applicable for measurement of gloves and fingers cots that reside in the conductive range, however, effects due to skin resistance and electrode res
25、istance may create significant errors. Test voltage may also be an issue for conductive materials. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions and pertinent data), which may be of use in improving future versions of this document, should be addressed to ESD Association, Chairperson Su
26、bcommittee Workgroup Gloves, 7900 Turin Rd., Bldg. 3, Rome, NY 13440. 1ESD Association Standard Practice (SP): A procedure for performing one or more operations or functions that may or may not yield a test result. Note, if a test result is obtained it may not be reproducible. ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 i
27、i This standard practice was originally approved on September 11, 2005 and was designated ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2005. This standard practice is a reaffirmation of ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2005 and was approved on February 13, 2011. Two editorial changes were made from the 2005 version. The definitions were removed
28、 from Section 3.0 and users were referred to the website for a complimentary download. Also, “wrist cuff” was replaced with “wristband” to align with ANSI/ESD S1.1. At the time ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 was prepared, the 15.0 Gloves Subcommittee had the following members: Eugene Chase, Chair Electro-Tech
29、 Systems, Inc. Laurie Casselman QRP, Inc. Jay Hamlin Medtronic Timothy Prass Raytheon Jose Sancho NASA/GSFC/Honeywell TSI Julius Turangan Ovation, Inc. Robert J. Vermillion RMV Technology Group, Inc. Stanley Weitz Electro-Tech Systems, Inc. At the time ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2005 was prepared, the 15.0 Glo
30、ves Subcommittee had the following members: Gene Chase, Chair Electro-Tech Systems, Inc. Tom Albano ITT Space Systems Division Alan Barber Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex Bill Casselman QRP, Inc. Steve Gerken United States Air Force Arleigh Hartkopf Ansell Healthcare Tim Jarrett Guidant Corporation Jo
31、hanna Morris Components Intel de Costa Rica Carl Newberg Rivers Edge Technical Service Rick Rodrigo SIMCO Julius Turangan Western Digital Stan Weitz Electro-Tech Systems, Inc. The following individuals contributed to the development of ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2005: Jacquana T. Diep Advanced Micro Devices Mi
32、ke Manders United States Air Force David E. Swenson Affinity Static Control Consulting, LLC Julie Vaughn Noveon, Inc ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE . 1 1.1 PURPOSE . 1 1.2 SCOPE . 1 2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS 1 3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS . 1 4.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY . 1 5
33、.0 EQUIPMENT . 2 6.0 MATERIAL TESTING . 2 6.1 SAMPLE SIZE 2 6.2 SAMPLE PREPARATION 2 6.3 SURFACE AND VOLUME RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS OF GLOVE MATERIAL . 2 6.4 TWO-POINT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS OF FINGER COT MATERIAL 3 6.5 BASELINE RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT OF OPERATOR . 3 6.6 LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEM RESISTAN
34、CE TEST (LESS THAN 1.0 X 106OHMS) 3 6.7 LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEM RESISTANCE TEST (GREATER THAN 1.0 X 106OHMS) . 4 6.8 HIGH VOLTAGE SYSTEM, HIGH RESISTANCE TEST (GREATER THAN 1.0 X 107OHMS). 4 7.0 TEST RESULTS 5 8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 9 FIGURES: Figure 1: Constant Area and Force Electrode (CAFE) 5 Figure 2: Ph
35、oto of CAFE Test Setup . 6 Figure 3: Resistance Test Data Sheet 7 Figure 4: Constant Area and Force Electrode (CAFE) Gloves/Finger Cot Test Data Sheet 8 ESD Association Standard Practice ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 1 ESD Association Standard Practice for the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptibl
36、e Items In-Use Resistance Measurement of Gloves and Finger Cots 1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This document provides test procedures for measuring the intrinsic electrical resistance of gloves and finger cots, as well as their electrical resistance, together with personnel as a system. The syste
37、m test provides data that are relevant to the users specific environment and application. 1.2 Scope This document applies to all gloves and finger cots used as part of a user defined Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Control Program. This document is intended to provide test procedures for measuring the
38、 electrical resistance of gloves or finger cots. Intrinsic resistance measurements include surface, volume, and point-to-point resistance using ANSI/ESD STM11.11, STM11.12, and STM11.13, respectively. “In-use” resistance measurement of the glove/finger cot and personnel together as a system is defin
39、ed using a constant area force electrode (CAFE). The resistance of the glove or finger cot may be much lower during use than its intrinsic resistance due to the interior of the glove/finger cot becoming hydrated once it is placed on the hand/finger of the operator. 2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS ESD AD
40、V1.0, ESD Associations Glossary of Terms2ANSI/ESD S1.1, Wrist Straps2 ANSI/ESD STM11.11, Surface Resistance Measurement of Static Dissipative Planar Materials2 ANSI/ESD STM11.12, Volume Resistance Measurement of Static Dissipative Planar Materials2ANSI/ESD STM11.13, Two-Point Resistance Measurement
41、of Dissipative and Insulative Materials2 3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS The terms used in the body of this document are in accordance with the definitions found in ESD ADV1.0, ESD Associations Glossary of Terms, available for complimentary download at http:/www.esda.org. 4.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY The procedures
42、 and equipment described in this document may expose personnel to hazardous electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document cannot
43、replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety. Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) and other safety protection should be considered wherever personnel might come into contact with electrical sources. 2ESD Association, 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3, Rome, NY 13440; Ph: 315-339-6937; FAX:
44、 315-339-6793; www.esda.org ANSI/ESD SP15.1-2011 2 Electrical hazard reduction practices should be exercised and proper grounding instructions for equipment should be followed. 5.0 EQUIPMENT 5.1 A wrist strap with a ground cord containing an integral one megohm resistor. Since an integral one megohm
45、 resistor is included in series with the wrist strap, the actual lower limit for the resistance measurement using this ground cord will be in the single-digit megohm range. The integral one megohm resistor should be verified using the test method described in ANSI/ESD S1.1. 5.2 A wrist strap with a
46、ground cord that does not contain an integral one megohm resistor. 5.3 Low Resistance Meter A DC ohmmeter shall be used for gloves that have intrinsic or in-use resistances less than 1.0 x 106ohms. The DC ohmmeter shall be capable of measuring a DC resistance of 0.1 ohm through 10 megohms 10% with a
47、n open circuit voltage greater than 1.5 volts and less than 10 volts. 5.4 High Resistance Meter 5.4.1 The meter shall have an output voltage of 100 volts ( 5%) while under load for measurements of 1.0 x 106 ohms and above, and 10 volts ( 5%) while under load for measurements less than 1.0 x 106ohms.
48、 5.4.2 The meter must be capable of making measurements from 1.0 x 103ohms ( 10% accuracy) to 1.0 x 1011ohms ( 10% accuracy). A power supply and ammeter, or an integrated instrument that combines those functions may be used. 5.5 Constant Area and Force Electrode (CAFE) The electrode design, material
49、s, and specifications are shown in Figure 1. 6.0 MATERIAL TESTING 6.1 Sample Size Six specimens of each glove or finger cot type are required for this test procedure. 6.2 Sample Preparation 6.2.1 Standard test conditions for this testing will be 23 3C, 12% 3% R.H. and 50% 5% R.H. 6.2.2 The samples shall be conditioned at the standard conditions for 48 hours minimum. 6.3 Surface and Volume Resistance Measurements of Glove Material The resistance of glove material shall be conditioned and tested using ANSI/ESD STM11.11, Surface Resistance Measurement, and ANSI/ESD S
