1、 TIA STANDARD FOTP-48 Measurement of Optical Fiber CladdingDiameter Using Laser-Based InstrumentsTIA-455-48-B (Revision of EIA/TIA-455-48-A) November 1990 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Representing the telecommunications industry in association with the Electronic Industries Alliance ANSI/
2、TIA/EIA-455-48-B-1990Approved: November 21, 1990Reaffirmed: September 14, 2000Reaffirmed: May 10, 2005 Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NOTICE TIA Engineering Sta
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7、actices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-4188-RF1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-4.2 Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Cables). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Standards and Technology De
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21、unications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page 1 MEASUREMENT OF OPTICAL FIBER CLADDING DIAMETER USING LASER-BASED INSTRUMENTS (From EM Standards Proposal No. 2261, formulated u
22、nder the cognizance of the FO-6.6, Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Materials.) This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard EIA/TIA-455. NOTE: This FOTP was previously published as ELA-455-48A. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 This test procedure is used to measure t
23、he cladding (outside) diameter of an optical fiber using a laser-based instrument. It is used on-line in the fiber drawing process prior. to the application of the protective buffer coating(s). It is also used off-line as a quality inspection method. In this application, it is normally used instead
24、of FOTP-45. 1.2 Control of the cladding diameter is required to assure the performance of the fiber in cabling, connectorization and splicing. Uniformity of the cladding diameter along the length is also required. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS Test or inspection requirements may include, but are not limit
25、ed to, the following references: FOTP-45 (EIA/TIA-455-45A) “Microscopic Method for Measuring Fiber Geometry of Optical Waveguide Fibers.“ 3. APPARATUS 3.1 Method A - Forward Scattered Lightjl A forward-light scattering pattern is generated by a laser beam incident upon an optical fiber as shown in F
26、igure 1. The pattern consists of varying intensity interference fringes in an angular range of f 5 to 90“ around the fiber in the plane perpendicular to the fiber axis. The position and spacing of the fringes are directly dependent on the diameter of the fiber. The relationship of the number of frin
27、ges to fiber diameter and angular range can be approximately expressed as: Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page 2 where N is the number of fringes d
28、 is the fiber diameter in micrometers X is the laser wavelength in micrometers . O1 and O2 are the angular ra;-ge of the fringes (O? el) nl is the refractive index of the fiber cladding The forward scattered fringe pattern is focused on a self-scanned diode array in order to obtain the number of fri
29、nges present. Appropriate signal processing electronics shall be used to provide diameter information utilizing a suitable relationship between fringe spacing and diameter. The following items are required: A. A test device similar to that described above and in Reference 1. B. A means of recording
30、the data collected. C. Appropriate means for computing the average diameter and the standard deviation. 3.2 Method B - Laser Scanning This method scans a laser beam across the optical fiber under test as shown in Figure 2. The light is collected and photoelectrically converted into a square wave sig
31、nal. Various methods are used to detect and determine the fiber edges, and hence, the fiber diameter. The following items are required: A. A test device similar to that described. B. A means for recording the data collected. C. Appropriate means of computing the average diameter and standard deviati
32、on. 3.3 Off-line Measurement Requirements Either Methods A or B may be nsed to measure the cladding diameter off-line. A fixture is required to hold and rotate the test sample (see 5.2). This fixture shall be capable of rotating the fiber so that measurements can be made from 0“ to 180“. Because of
33、symmetry, additional measurements are not required. 4. SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS 4.1 On-line Measurements The fiber diameter shall be measured prior to application of any buffer coating. The test length shall consist of all fiber produced between selected start-and-stop points as determined at the draw
34、ing operation. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page 3 4.2 Off-line Measurements All protective buffer coatings shall be removed from a sufficient le
35、ngth . . of fiber to fit in the test fixture. A method td identify the 0“ orientation of the fiber shall be provided. 5. PROCEDURE 5.1 On-line Measurements 5.1.1 The fiber being drawn shall pass through the appropriate space of the diameter measurement device. 5.1.2 The diameter measurements shall b
36、e performed at a maximum spacing of 10.0 cm (3.94 in). 5.2 Off-line Measurements 5.2.1 The test sample shall be placed in the test fixture and a diameter measurement made at the 0 “ orientation. The fiber shall then be rotated a predetermined number of degrees and another diameter measurement made.
37、The fiber shall be rotated through the equivalent of 180“ in equally spaced increments. A minimum of six angular positions (including the 0“ orientation) shall be used. The maximum rotational increment is 30“ (e., 180“ 16). For six orientations, measurements are made at 0, 30 “ , 60 “ , 90 “ , 120 “
38、 and 150 “ . (The 180“ measurement is not required because it is identical to the 0 measurement from symmetry.) 6. CALCULATIONS OR INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS 6.1 On-Line Measurements Cladding diameter measurements shall be averaged for the test length and the standard deviation calculated. 6.2 Off-Li
39、ne Measurements 6.2.1 Average Cladding Diameter The average cladding diameter shall be calculated using the measured diameters at each angular position. 6.2.2 Cladding Noncircularity Cladding noncircularity is defined as the difference between the largest cladding diameter and the smallest cladding
40、diameter divided by the average diameter. The noncircularity shall be calculated using the following equation: Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page
41、4 max. dia.- min. dia. Noncircularity (%) = 1 s 100% average diameter 7. DOCUMENTATION 7.1 On-line Measurements 7.1.1 The following information shall be reported for each test: 7.1.1.1 Date of Test 7.1.1.2 Methodused(AorB) 7.1.1.3 Identification of fiber 7.1.1.4 The length of fiber tested 7.1.1.5 Th
42、e test measuring rate 7.1.1.6 The average cladding diameter 7.1.1.7 The standard deviation 7.1.1.8 Minimum and maximum cladding diameter 7.1.2 The following information shall be reported and available only for U. S. Military applications: 7.1.2.1 Title of test 7.1.2.2 Test Personnel 7.2 Off-line Mea
43、surements 7.2.1 The following information shall be reported for each test: 7.2.1.1 Date of Test 7.2.1.2 Methodused(AorB) 7.2.1.3 Identification of fiber 7.2.1.4 Average cladding diameter 7.2.1.5 Cladding noncircularity 7.2.2 The following information shall be reported and available only for U. S . M
44、ilitary applications: 7.2.2.1 Title of test 7.2.2.2 Test Personnel Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page 5 8. SPECIFICATION INFORMATION The following
45、 shall be specified in the Detail Specification: 8.1 FOTP numbn,i 8.2 Failure or acceptance criteria 8.3 Other test conditions Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TI
46、A-455-48-B Page 6 REFERENCES I D. H. Smithgall, L. S. Watkins, and R. E. Frazee, Jr., “An Optical Fiber Diameter Measurement System Using Forward Scattered Light,“ IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron Contr. Instrum., Vol. 25, pp. 108-112, May 1978. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by
47、 IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Paue 7 LASER 8EAM 7 - I I - SCATTERED LIGHT PROCESSOR FIGURE 1. METHOD A Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo
48、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-48-B Page 8 LASER SCANNING ELEMENT PROCESSOR FIGURE 2. METHOD B Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license w
