1、 TIASTANDARDFOTP-57Preparation and Examination of OpticalFiber Endface for Testing PurposesTIA-455-57-B(Revision of EIA/TIA-455-57-A)May 1994TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONRepresenting the telecommunications industry inassociation with the Electronic Industries Alliance ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-57-B
2、-1994Approved: May 12, 1994Reaffirmed: September 14, 2000 Reaffirmed: May 10, 2005Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publicatio
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7、ine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-3036-RF2, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-4.2 Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Cables). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson
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21、ssociation Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-BiFOTP-57Preparation and examination of optical fiber endface for testing purposesContentsForeword iii1 Introduction .12 Normative references13 Apparatus24 S
22、ampling and specimens45 Procedure .46 Calculations or interpretation of results.67 Documentation68 Specification information.79 Figures, tables charts, etc. 8Annex A (normative) Laser reflection fiber end inspection technique11Annex B (informative) Comparison between this FOTP and IEC or ITU/TSrequi
23、rements.13References.14Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-BiiThis page left blank.Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under
24、 license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-BiiiFOTP-57Preparation and examination of optical fiber endface for testing purposesForeword(This Foreword is informative only and is not part of this Standard.)From TIA Project No. 3036, f
25、ormulated under the cognizance of TIA FO-6.6,Subcommittee on Fibers and Materials.This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within RecommendedStandard EIA/TIA-455.There are 2 annexes, 1 of them normative and 1 informative.Key words: optical fiber, endface preparation, testing, clea
26、vingCopyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-BivThis page left blankCopyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot
27、 for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-B11 Introduction1.1 IntentThis procedure provides guidelines for acceptable optical fiber endfaceappearance and defines the techniques that are commonly employed to obtainsuch appearance. This procedure is int
28、ended to promote uniformity in fiber endpreparation quality for testing purposes only and does not address issuesassociated with endface preparation and examination for the purposes ofpermanent termination (i.e., connectorization and splicing). This FOTP is notintended to require examination of ever
29、y fiber end, nor is it intended to establishfirm requirements, and is made available only to provide guidelines for variouslevels of end quality that may be called out in other FOTPs. Lastly, the intent ofthis method shall not be confused with the intent of FOTP-179, which isconcerned primarily with
30、 the comparison of relative results.1.2 HazardsThe procedure may involve the use of certain hazardous materials, operationsand equipment. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this procedure toestablish appropriate safety practices and to determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior
31、 to use. Note, in particular, that some fluids used maybe flammable or may constitute health hazards, or both. Use proper precautionsduring handling and during the balance of the procedure. Constant, prolonged orexcess exposure to solvents such as Freon, 1-1-1 trichloroethane, methylenechloride and
32、methyl isobutyl ketone may act as a carcinogen or damage internalorgans. Use solvents in a well-ventilated area and avoid skin contact as astandard precaution. Consult safety data sheets for these materials.2 Normative referencesTest or inspection requirements may include, but are not limited to, th
33、e followingreferences:EIA/TIA-455-A, Standard Test Procedure for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables,Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Transmitting Devices, and Other FiberOptic ComponentsFOTP-13 (RS-455-13), Visual and Mechanical Inspection of Fibers, Cables,Connectors, and/or Fiber Optic DevicesCopyrigh
34、t Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-B2FOTP-179 (EIA-455-179), Inspection of Cleaved Fiber End Faces byInterferometryNQ-EIA-5460000, Generic Specification for a Fi
35、eld Portable Optical InspectionDevice3 ApparatusA wide variety of end preparation equipment is available, designed to give flatendfaces, perpendicular to the fiber axis. Any of this equipment is acceptable,provided the end angle and facial condition of the prepared fiber are of sufficientquality to
36、ensure the necessary accuracy and precision required for the particularquality control measurement to be made. When special equipment is required, itshall be specified in the affected FOTP. The following guidelines may be usefulin deciding upon equipment to be used:3.1 Cleaving, cutting and slicing
37、devicesCleaving, cutting and slicing devices are usually of the scribe-and-break variety,but are not necessarily restricted to this category. Tension on the fiber is usuallyapplied, either by tensile load or a bend, some time during or after the impositionof the scribing operation3.2 Mechanical stri
38、pperA mechanical stripping device may be employed to remove fiber coating if thechemical cleaning fluids (refer to 3.4) are not used. Note, however, that somefiber manufacturers have fiber coatings that are not removable by mechanicalmeans.3.3 Fiber polishing equipmentEnd-polishing equipment may be
39、used, although it is often unnecessary for thepurpose of making optical measurements.Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-B33.4 Cleaning fluidsA cleaning f
40、luid may be required, its composition dependent upon the chemistryof the fiber itself and its coating (e.g., acetone, isopropyl alcohol and othersolvents have been successfully used with some fibers).CAUTION: Refer to 1.23.5 MicroscopeUse an optical microscope, such as the one specified in EIA-54600
41、00. Typicalinspections can be accomplished with magnifications as prescribed in FOTP-13.Use a magnification of 200X for U.S. military applications or for rigorousexamination of fibers with a diameter of less than or equal to 140 m.3.6 Fiber positioning and holding equipmentA means of positioning the
42、 fiber such that the fiber axis is perpendicular to theplane of cleaving, cutting or polishing is normally used during cleaving, cuttingand polishing operations. Such fixtures shall be fabricated of materials that willnot degrade the acceptable endface quality. In positioning operations, positioning
43、means may require use of curing fluids.3.1 InterferometerThe physical profile of fiber endfaces can be measured with an interferometerconfigured to compare fiber endfaces to an optical flat (e.g., refer to FOTP-179).Such devices typically display a “contour map” of the fiber endface. End-anglesare c
44、omputed from the number of fringes observed across the image of the fiberface (although this is strictly valid only for straight, parallel fringe patterns).Interferometers specifically designed for measuring fiber endfaces arecommercially available. For critical measurements requiring flat, perpendi
45、cularendfaces, the interferometer is recommended. End-angles as small as 0.1degree and surface features with heights/depths of about 0.2 to 0.3 m can beaccurately measured.3.8 Other equipmentSupplementary equipment may be used as required for auxiliary illumination,positioning, handling, acceleratin
46、g fluid curing times, examination of the preparedend, etc. (e.g., local temperature changing apparatus may be utilized, liquidsmay be used during polishing as carriers, lubricant, etc.).Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduct
47、ion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA-455-57-B44 Sampling and specimensA sample consists of the fiber or cable being prepared. Remove all protectivejacketing and buffer materials from the fiber end area, as required.5 Procedure5.1 ConditionsThis procedure may be conducted unde
48、r factory ambient atmospheric conditionsor applicable field application environmental conditions as required. In case ofany dispute, repeat the procedure using Standard Atmospheric Conditionsrequired by EIA/TIA-455-A, clause 6.5.2 MethodsSelect the appropriate end preparation method from the following as determinedby fiber type and/or application. Examination is performed according to 5.3.5.2.1 Procedure A - Fiber cleaving, cutting or slicingCleaving, cutting or slicing, as appropriate, is accomplished using suitableapparatus (refer to clau
