1、 TIA/EIASTANDARDFOTP-208IEC 61290-1-3Optical Fibre Amplifiers BasicSpecification Part 1-3: Test Methods for Gain Parameters Optical Power MeterTIA/EIA-455-208OCTOBER 2000TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONRepresenting the telecommunications industry inassociation with the Electronic Industries A
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11、54-7179, International (303) 397-795661290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-208iCONTENTSPagesFOREWORD iiiINTRODUCTION . ivClause1 Scope and object 12 Normative reference. 13 Apparatus 24 Test sample . 35 Procedure 36 Calculation 57 Test results . 6Figure 1 Typical arrangement of the optical power meter test
12、 apparatus forsmall-signal gain measurements . 2Figure 2 Typical behaviour of the gain as a function of the input signal power . 5Annex A (informative) List of abbreviations . 8Annex B (informative) Bibliography 961290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-208ii61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-208iiiINTERNATIONAL
13、ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSIONTIA/EIA-455-208OPTICAL FIBRE AMPLIFIERS BASIC SPECIFICATION Part 1-3: Test methods for gain parameters Optical power meterFOREWORD1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardizationcomprising all national electrotechnical
14、committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is topromote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical andelectronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards.Their preparation is entr
15、usted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in thesubject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaboratesclosely with the Inte
16、rnational Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditionsdetermined by agreement between the two organizations.2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, aninternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects sinc
17、e each technical committee hasrepresentation from all interested National Committees.3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published inthe form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees inthat sense.4
18、) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC InternationalStandards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Anydivergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard sha
19、ll beclearly indicated in the latter.5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible forany equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International S
20、tandard may be thesubject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patentrights.International Standard IEC 61290-1-3 has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre opticsystems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics.It shall be re
21、ad in conjunction with IEC 61291-1.The text of this standard is based on the following documents:FDIS Report on voting86C/177/FDIS 86C/201/RVD61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-208ivFull information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report onvoting indicated in the abov
22、e table.Annexes A and B are for information only.61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-208vINTRODUCTIONAs far as can be determined, this is the first International Standard on optical fibreamplifiers. The technology of optical fibre amplifiers is quite new and still emerging, henceamendments and new editio
23、ns to this standard can be expected.Each abbreviation introduced is explained in the text at least the first time it appears.However, for an easier understanding of the whole text, a list of all abbreviations used isgiven in annex A.61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-2081TIA/EIA-455-208 FOTP208OPTICAL F
24、IBRE AMPLIFIERS BASIC SPECIFICATION Part 1-3: Test methods for gain parameters Optical power meter1 Scope and objectThis part of IEC 61290 applies to optical fibre amplifiers (OFAs) using active fibres,containing rare-earth dopants, presently commercially available.The object of this standard is to
25、establish uniform requirements for accurate and reliablemeasurements, by means of the optical power meter test method, of the following OFAparameters, as defined in clause 3 of IEC 61291-1:a) small-signal gain;b) reverse small-signal gain;c) maximum small-signal gain;d) maximum small-signal gain wav
26、elength;e) maximum small-signal gain variation with temperature;f) small-signal gain wavelength band;g) small-signal gain wavelength variation;h) small-signal gain stability;i) polarization-dependent gain variation.NOTE All numerical values followed by () are currently under consideration.2 Normativ
27、e referenceThe following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text,constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61290. At the time of publication, the editionindicated was valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this p
28、art of IEC 61290 are encouraged to investigate the possibility ofapplying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. Members of IECand ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.IEC 61291-1, Optical fibre amplifiers Part 1: Generic specification 1)1) To
29、 be published.61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-20823 ApparatusA scheme of the measurement set-up is given in figure 1.OpticalpowermeterOpticalpowermeterVariableopticalattenuatorVariableopticalattenuatordBOpticalsourceOpticalsourceFigure 1a - Input signal power measurementJ1IEC 703/98IEC 704/98J2Optica
30、lfilterOpticalfilterdBFigure 1b - Output signal power and ASE measurementJ1 J2OFAOFAunder testFigure 1 Typical arrangement of the optical power meter test apparatusfor small-signal gain measurementsThe test equipment listed below, with the required characteristics, is needed:a) optical source: The o
31、ptical source shall be either at fixed wavelength or wavelength-tunable: fixed-wavelength optical source: This optical source shall generate a light with awavelength and optical power specified in the relevant detail specification. Unlessotherwise specified, the optical source shall emit a continuou
32、s wave with the full widthat half maximum of the spectrum narrower than 1 nm (). A distributed feedback (DFB)laser, a distributed Bragg reflection (DBR) laser, an external cavity laser diode (ECL)and a light emitting diode (LED) with a narrow-band filter are applicable, for example.The suppression r
33、atio for the side modes for the DFB laser, the DBR laser or the ECLshall be higher than 30 dB (). The output power fluctuation shall be less than 0,05 dB(), which may be better attainable with an optical isolator at the output port of theoptical source. Spectral broadening at the foot of the lasing
34、spectrum shall be minimalfor laser sources; wavelength-tunable optical source: This optical source shall be able to generate awavelength-tunable light within the range specified in the relevant detail specification.Its optical power shall be specified in the relevant detail specification. Unlessothe
35、rwise specified, the optical source shall emit a continuous wave with the full widthat half maximum of the spectrum narrower than 1 nm (). An ECL or an LED with anarrow bandpass optical filter is applicable for example. The suppression ratio of sidemodes for the ECL shall be higher than 30 dB (). Th
36、e output power fluctuation shall61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-2083be less than 0,05 dB, which may be better attainable with an optical isolator at theoutput port of the optical source. Spectral broadening at the foot of the lasingspectrum shall be minimal for the ECL;NOTE The use of an LED should b
37、e limited to small-signal gain measurements.b) optical power meter: It shall have a measurement accuracy better than 0,2 dB,irrespective of the state of polarization, within the operational wavelength bandwidth ofthe OFA. A dynamic range exceeding the measured gain is required (e.g. 40 dB);c) optica
38、l filter: It shall be wavelength-tunable with a passband (full width at half maximum)narrower than 3 nm ();d) optical isolator: Optical isolators may be used to bracket the OFA. The polarization-dependent loss variation of the isolator shall be better than 0,2 dB (). Optical isolationshall be better
39、 than 40 dB (). The reflectance from this device shall be smaller than40 dB () at each port;e) variable optical attenuator: The attenuation range and stability shall be over 40 dB (),and better than 0,1 dB (), respectively. The reflectance from this device shall besmaller than 40 dB () at each port;
40、f) polarization controller: This device shall be able to provide as input signal light allpossible states of polarization (e.g. linear, elliptical and circular). For example, thepolarization controller may consist of a linear polarizer followed by an all-fibre-typepolarization controller, or by a li
41、near polarizer followed by a quarter-wave plate rotatableby minimumof 90 and a half wave plate rotatable by minimum of 180. The loss variation of thepolarization controller shall be less than 0,2 dB (). The reflectance from this device shallbe smaller than 40 dB () at each port;g) optical fibre jump
42、ers: The mode field diameter of the optical fibre jumpers used should beas close as possible to that of fibres used as input and output ports of the OFA. Thereflectance from this device shall be smaller than 40 dB () at each port, and the lengthof the jumper shall be shorter than 2 m;h) optical conn
43、ectors: The connection loss repeatability shall be better than 0,2 dB;i) wavelength meter: It shall have a wavelength measurement accuracy better than 0,1 nm ().4 Test sampleThe OFA shall operate at nominal operating conditions. If the OFA is likely to cause laseroscillations due to unwanted reflect
44、ions, use of optical isolators is recommended to bracketthe OFA under test. This will minimize the signal instability and the measurementinaccuracy.For measurements of parameters a) to h) of clause 1, care shall be taken in maintaining thestate of polarization of the input light during the measureme
45、nt. Changes in the polarizationstate of the input light may result in input optical power changes because of the slightpolarization dependency expected from all the optical components used, this leading tomeasurement errors.5 Procedurea) Small-signal gain: This method permits determination of the sm
46、all-signal gain through themeasurements of the OFA input signal power, Pin, the OFA output power, Pout, taking61290-1-3 IEC:1998 TIA/EIA-455-2084into account the OFA Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) power, PASE at the signalwavelength.Thanks to the fact that in small-signal conditions PASE is no
47、t significantly different from thatfor no input signal, the ASE power is measured without input signal and subtracted from theOFA output total power. An optical filter (whose insertion loss shall be taken into account)tuned to the input signal wavelength, is used in this case to reduce the ASE power
48、.The measurement procedures described below shall be followed.1) Set the optical source at the test wavelength specified in the relevant detail specification,measuring the input signal wavelength (e.g. with a wavelength meter).2) Set the optical filter at the signal wavelength, by maximizing the sig
49、nal power detectedafter the filter, as shown in figure 1a.3) Set the optical source and the variable optical attenuator in a way to provide, at theinput port of the OFA, the optical power Pin specified in the relevant detail specification,measuring the OFA input signal power, as shown in figure 1a.4) Evaluate the ASE power level passed through the optica
