1、 TIA STANDARD TR 61280-7 Fibre Optic Communication System Design Guides Part 7: Statistical Calculation of Chromatic Dispersion TIA/TR-1028 FEBRUARY, 2004 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Representing the telecommunications industry in association with the Electronic Industries Alliance ANSI/
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6、he user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-0143, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-4.1 Subcommittee on Fiber Optic) Published by TELECOMMUNICATIO
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17、 SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES
18、. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 iCONTENTS FOREWORD.ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references .1 3 Characterisation of chr
19、omatic dispersion coefficient versus wavelength .2 4 Characterisation of chromatic dispersion coefficient statistics versus wavelength.3 5 Calculation of the concatenation statistics for a single population of optical fibres6 6 Generalisation of concatenation statistics for multiple populations incl
20、uding components. 7 Figure 1 Distribution of dispersion parameters3 Figure 2 Histogram of values at 1 560 nm .4 Figure 3 Histogram of values at 1 530 nm .4 Figure 4 Average dispersion coefficient versus wavelength.5 Figure 5 Standard deviation of dispersion coefficient versus wavelength .5 Figure 6
21、Fibre average.8 Figure 7 Fibre standard deviation .9 Figure 8 Dispersion compensator average9 Figure 9 Dispersion compensator standard deviation 10 Figure 10 Combined three sigma limits.11 Table 1 Computed values at two selected wavelengths.7 TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 iiINTERNATI
22、ONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDES Part 7: Statistical calculation of chromatic dispersion FOREWORD 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committee
23、s (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted
24、to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the Internat
25、ional Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since
26、 each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees. 3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the Nation
27、al Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding n
28、ational or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of
29、the elements of this technical report may be the subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication
30、of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC 61282-7, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC tec
31、hnical committee 86: Fibre optics. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 86C/429/DTR 86C/468/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table.
32、 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2009-12. At this date, the publication will be TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 iii reconfirmed; withdrawn; r
33、eplaced by a revised edition, or amended. TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 ivTR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDES Part 7: Statistical calculation of chromatic dispersion 1 Scope This part of IEC 61282 is a guideline providing metho
34、ds of representing the process statistics of the chromatic dispersion of optical fibres and related components that may be combined in a link. Chromatic dispersion (ps/nm) is the derivative, with respect to wavelength, of the group delay (ps) induced by the spectral content of light propagating thro
35、ugh an optical element or fibre. Chromatic dispersion is normally a function of wavelength and can be either positive (group delay increasing with wavelength) or negative (group delay decreasing with wavelength). The presence of chromatic dispersion can induce distortions in signals leading to bit e
36、rrors depending on source spectral width; source chirp; bit period; distance. In addition, chromatic dispersion is interactive with the effects of non-linear optical effects and second order polarisation mode dispersion (PMD). The above system impairments are beyond the scope of this technical repor
37、t. When different components or fibres are combined, the chromatic dispersion of the combination is the total of the chromatic dispersion values of the individuals, on a wavelength- by-wavelength basis. A section with high chromatic dispersion will be balanced by sections with lower values. The vari
38、ation in the total dispersion of links will therefore be dependent on the distributions of the products that are used in the link. This document provides methods to calculate the distribution statistics of concatenated links based on information on the distributions of different fibre or component p
39、opulations. NOTE In the clauses that follow, examples are given for particular fibre and component types. These examples are not necessarily broadly representative. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
40、 only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60793-1-42: Optical fibres Part 1-42: Measurement methods and test procedures Chromatic dispersion TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 2IEC 60793-2
41、-50: Optical fibres Part 2-50: Product specifications Sectional specification for class B single-mode fibres ITU-T Recommendation G.652: Characteristics of a single-mode optical fibre cable ITU-T Recommendation G.655: Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion shifted single-mode optical fibre cable I
42、TU-T Recommendation G.671: Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems ITU-T Recommendation G.691: Optical interfaces for single-channel STM-64, STM-256 and other SDH systems with optical amplifiers 3 Characterisation of chromatic dispersion coefficient versus wavelength This c
43、lause outlines the characterisation of dispersion as a function of wavelength for a given wavelength range. This function is often represented as a formula that includes parameters that can vary from fibre to fibre for a given fibre design. Characterisations of these formulas should give an indicati
44、on of the wavelength range over which the formula applies. Extrapolation beyond these ranges can result in error. For optical fibre, chromatic dispersion coefficient, D, can vary with wavelength, , according to a variety of formula types that are found in IEC 60793-1-42. The simplest is the linear r
45、epresentation which has just two parameters, zero-dispersion wavelength, 0, and zero-dispersion slope, S0, as: ( ) ( )00 = SD (ps/nmkm) (1) Measurements are based either on fitting differential group delays (DGD) or by fitting the integral to the measured group delay. Other forms defined in 60793-1-
46、42 are the three-term Sellmeier (Equation (2), and the five-term Sellmeier (Equation (3). Note that for the five-term Sellmeier, parameters, Cj, different from the zero-dispersion wavelength and slope must be fitted. ()=40014 SD (2) ()54333214422+= CCCCD (3) For components, similar types of expressi
47、ons can be used to characterise the chromatic dispersion value, d, as a function of wavelength. For components, however, the units are most often given as ps/nm (unadjusted for length). The use of the term “coefficient,” for fibre indicates a length normalisation. Even for the products for which the
48、 linear representation of Equation (1) is appropriate for each individual fibre, the combination of the distributions of the zero-dispersion TR 61282-7 IEC:2003(E) adopted as TIA/TR-1028 3wavelength and slope will normally not lead to a very clear understanding of the distribution of chromatic dispe
49、rsion. Figure 1 shows such a combined distribution that illustrates a correlation between the dispersion parameters. 0,0500,0550,0600,0650,0700,0750,0800,0850,0900,0950,1001 560 1 562 1 564 1 566 1 568 1 570 1 572 1 574 1 576 1 578Lambda-0 nmS0IEC 3207/02Figure 1 Distribution of dispersion parameters 4 Characterisation of the chromatic dispersion coefficient statistics versus wavelength This clause outlines the technique used to characterise the distribution o
