1、 TIA-455-231 August 2015FOTP-231 IEC-61315 Calibration of Fibre-Optic Power Meters ANSI/TIA-455-231-2015 APPROVED: AUGUST 11, 2015 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, f
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23、ITATIONS. IEC 61315 Ed2 adopted as ANSI/TIA-455-231 3 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Preparation for calibration . 15 4.1 Organization 15 4.2 Traceability 15 4.3 Advice for measurements and calibrations . 16 4.4 Recommendatio
24、ns to customers 17 5 Absolute power calibration 17 5.1 Establishing the calibration conditions 18 5.2 Calibration procedure 19 5.3 Calibration uncertainty . 20 5.4 Reporting the results . 27 6 Measurement uncertainty of a calibrated power meter . 27 6.1 Uncertainty at reference conditions 27 6.2 Unc
25、ertainty at operating conditions 28 7 Nonlinearity calibration 35 7.1 Nonlinearity calibration based on superposition 36 7.2 Nonlinearity calibration based on comparison with a calibrated power meter . 38 7.3 Nonlinearity calibration based on comparison with an attenuator 39 7.4 Calibration of power
26、 meter for high power measurement 39 Annex A (normative) Mathematical basis 41 Bibliography 44 Figure 1 Typical spectral responsivity of photoelectric detectors 13 Figure 2 Example of a traceability chain 15 Figure 3 Measurement setup for sequential, fibre-based calibration 18 Figure 4 Change of con
27、ditions and uncertainty 23 Figure 5 Determining and recording an extension uncertainty 29 Figure 6 Possible subdivision of the optical reference plane into 10 x 10 squares, for the measurement of the spatial response 30 Figure 7 Wavelength dependence of response due to Fabry-Perot type interference
28、. 34 Figure 8 Measurement setup of polarization dependent response . 34 Figure 9 Nonlinearity calibration based on superposition . 36 Figure 10 Measurement setup for nonlinearity calibration by comparison. 38 Table 1 Typical calibration methods and correspondent power 17 Table 2 Nonlinearity . 37 IE
29、C 61315 Ed2 adopted as ANSI/TIA-455-231 4 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ CALIBRATION OF FIBRE-OPTIC POWER METERS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC Natio
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38、g out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is dr
39、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61315 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This second e
40、dition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1995. It constitutes a technical revision. Changes from the previous edition of this International Standard consist of adapting the uncertainty calculations to the approach taken by the GUM, and adapting the terminology and graphical symbolo
41、gy to international standards VIM, IEC 61931 and IEC 61930. The importance of the nonlinearity calibration is emphasized by giving more detail and is now in a separate clause. IEC 61315 Ed2 adopted as ANSI/TIA-455-231 5 Requirements concerning organization and traceability have been taken out of thi
42、s standard since they are general requirements concerning calibration laboratories and are given in IEC/ISO 17025. The goal to standardize the type of power meter specifications has been removed since it does not belong in a standard on calibration. Specifications should, however, still be based on
43、calibrations made following this standard and IEC 60359. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 86/239/FDIS 86/248/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. Thi
44、s publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific pu
45、blication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IEC 61315 Ed2 adopted as ANSI/TIA-455-231 6 INTRODUCTION Fibre-optic power meters are designed to measure optical power from fibre-optic sources as accurately as possible. This capabil
46、ity depends largely on the quality of the calibration process. In contrast to other types of measuring equipment, the measurement results of fibre -optic power meters usually depend on many conditions of measurement. The conditions of measurement during the calibration process are called calibration
47、 conditions. Their precise description must therefore be an integral part of the calibration. This International Standard defines all of the steps involved in the calibration process: establishing the calibration conditions, carrying out the calibration, calculating the uncertainty, and reporting th
48、e uncertainty, the calibration conditions and the traceability. The absolute power calibration describes how to determine the ratio between the value of the input power and the power meters result. This ratio is called correction factor. The measurement uncertainty of the correction factor is combin
49、ed following Annex A from uncertainty contributions from the reference meter, the test meter, the s etup and the procedure. The calculations go through detailed characterizations of individual uncertainties. It is important to know that: a) estimations of the individual uncertainties are acceptable; b) a detailed uncertainty analysis is only necessary once for each power meter type under test, and all subsequent calibrations can be based on this one-time analysis, using the appropriate type A measurement contributions evaluated at the time of
