1、 TIA-526-7-A July 2015Measurement of Optical Power Loss of Installed Single-Mode Fiber Cable Plant, Adoption of IEC 61280-4-2 edition 2: Fibre-Optic Communications Subsystem Test Procedures Part 4-2: Installed Cable Plant Single-Mode Attenuation and Optical Return Loss Measurement ANSI/TIA-526-7-A-2
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23、G NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. 2 IEC 61280-4-2:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 7 INTRODUCTION . 9 1 Scope 10 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms, definitions, graphical symbo
24、ls and abbreviations 11 3.1 Terms and definitions 11 3.2 Graphical symbols 13 3.3 Abbreviations 14 4 Measurement methods 15 4.1 General . 15 4.2 Cabling configurations and applicable test methods 16 4.2.1 Cabling configurations and applicable test methods for attenuation measurements . 16 4.2.2 Cabl
25、ing configurations and applicable test methods for optical return loss measurements 18 4.3 Overview of uncertainties 18 4.3.1 General . 18 4.3.2 Test cords . 18 4.3.3 Reflections from other interfaces . 18 4.3.4 Optical source . 18 4.3.5 Output power reference . 19 4.3.6 Received power reference . 1
26、9 4.3.7 Mode field diameter variation . 19 4.3.8 Bi-directional measurements 19 5 Apparatus 19 5.1 General . 19 5.2 Light source 19 5.2.1 Stability . 19 5.2.2 Spectral characteristics . 20 5.2.3 Launch cord . 20 5.3 Receive or tail cord . 20 5.4 Substitution cord . 21 5.5 Power meter LSPM methods on
27、ly. 21 5.6 OTDR apparatus . 21 5.7 Return loss test set . 22 5.8 Connector end-face cleaning and inspection equipment 22 5.9 Adapters . 22 6 Procedures 22 6.1 General . 22 6.2 Common procedures . 23 6.2.1 Care of the test cords 23 6.2.2 Make reference measurements (LSPM and OCWR methods only) . 23 6
28、.2.3 Inspect and clean the ends of the fibres in the cabling . 23 6.2.4 Make the measurements 23 6.2.5 Make the calculations 23 6.3 Calibration 23 IEC 61280-4-2:2014 IEC 2014 3 6.4 Safety . 24 7 Calculations . 24 8 Documentation 24 8.1 Information for each test . 24 8.2 Information to be made availa
29、ble 24 Annex A (normative) One-cord reference method . 25 A.1 Applicability of test method . 25 A.2 Apparatus . 25 A.3 Procedure . 25 A.4 Calculation 26 A.5 Components of reported attenuation . 26 Annex B (normative) Three-cord reference method 27 B.1 Applicability of test method . 27 B.2 Apparatus
30、. 27 B.3 Procedure . 27 B.4 Calculations 28 B.5 Components of reported attenuation . 28 Annex C (normative) Two-cord reference method 29 C.1 Applicability of test method . 29 C.2 Apparatus . 29 C.3 Procedure . 29 C.4 Calculations 31 C.5 Components of reported attenuation . 31 Annex D (normative) Opt
31、ical time domain reflectometer . 32 D.1 Applicability of test method . 32 D.2 Apparatus . 32 D.2.1 General . 32 D.2.2 OTDR 32 D.2.3 Test cords . 32 D.3 Procedure (test method) . 33 D.4 Calculation of attenuation . 34 D.4.1 General . 34 D.4.2 Connection location . 34 D.4.3 Definition of the power lev
32、els F1and F235 D.4.4 Alternative calculation 36 D.5 Calculation of optical return loss . 37 D.6 Calculation of reflectance for discrete components . 39 D.7 OTDR uncertainties 40 Annex E (normative) Continuous wave optical return loss measurement Method A . 41 E.1 Applicability of test method . 41 E.
33、2 Apparatus . 41 E.2.1 General . 41 E.2.2 Light source . 41 E.2.3 Branching device or coupler 41 E.2.4 Power meters 42 E.2.5 Connector interface . 42 E.2.6 Low reflection termination 42 E.3 Procedure . 42 4 IEC 61280-4-2:2014 IEC 2014 E.3.1 Test set characterization 42 E.3.2 Measurement procedure 44
34、 E.3.3 Calculations . 44 E.3.4 Measurement uncertainty. 45 Annex F (normative) Continuous wave optical return loss measurement Method B 46 F.1 Applicability of test method . 46 F.2 Apparatus . 46 F.2.1 General requirements 46 F.2.2 Known reflectance termination . 46 F.3 Procedure . 46 F.3.1 Set-up c
35、haracterization 46 F.3.2 Measurement procedure 47 F.3.3 Calculation 48 F.3.4 Measurement uncertainty. 48 Annex G (informative) Measurement uncertainty examples 49 G.1 Reduction of uncertainty by using reference grade terminations and related issues . 49 G.1.1 Motivations for using reference grade te
36、rminations on test cords . 49 G.1.2 Adjusting acceptance limits to allow for different expected losses when using reference grade and standard grade connectors . 49 G.2 Estimation of the measurement uncertainties 51 G.2.1 Measurement uncertainty. 51 G.2.2 Uncertainty due to the instrument 51 G.2.3 U
37、ncertainty due to the source 51 G.2.4 Uncertainty due to the device under test 52 G.2.5 Example of uncertainty accumulation using a single power meter 53 G.2.6 Example of uncertainty accumulation using two power meters . 54 Annex H (informative) OTDR configuration information 55 H.1 Introductory rem
38、arks . 55 H.2 Fundamental parameters that define the operational capability of an OTDR 56 H.2.1 Dynamic range 56 H.2.2 Pulse width 56 H.2.3 Averaging time 56 H.2.4 Dead zone . 56 H.3 Other parameters 56 H.3.1 Index of refraction 56 H.3.2 Measurement range . 57 H.3.3 Distance sampling . 57 H.4 Other
39、measurement configurations . 57 H.4.1 General . 57 H.4.2 Macro bend attenuation measurement . 57 H.4.3 Splice attenuation measurement 58 H.4.4 Measurement with high reflection connectors or short length cabling . 58 H.4.5 Ghost 60 H.5 More on the measurement method 61 H.6 Bidirectional measurement 6
40、2 H.7 OTDR bi-directional trace analysis 63 H.8 Non recommended practices . 64 H.8.1 Measurement without tail cord . 64 IEC 61280-4-2:2014 IEC 2014 5 H.8.2 Cursor measurement . 64 Annex I (informative) Test cord attenuation verification 65 I.1 Introductory remarks . 65 I.2 Apparatus . 65 I.3 Procedu
41、re . 65 I.3.1 General . 65 I.3.2 Test cord verification for the one-cord and two-cord reference test methods when using non-pinned/unpinned and non-plug/socket style connectors . 66 I.3.3 Test cord verification for the one-cord and two-cord reference test methods using pinned/unpinned or plug/socket
42、 style connectors . 67 I.3.4 Test cord verification for the three-cord reference test method using non-pinned/unpinned and non-plug/socket style connectors. 68 I.3.5 Test cord verification for the three-cord reference test method using pinned/unpinned or plug/socket style connectors . 70 Annex J (in
43、formative) Spectral attenuation measurement . 72 J.1 Applicability of test method . 72 J.2 Apparatus . 72 J.2.1 Broadband light source 72 J.2.2 Optical spectrum analyser . 72 J.3 Procedure . 72 J.3.1 Reference scan . 72 J.3.2 Measurement scan 73 J.4 Calculations 73 Bibliography 74 Figure 1 Connector
44、 symbols 13 Figure 2 Symbol for cabling under test . 14 Figure 3 Configuration A Start and end of measured losses in reference test method . 16 Figure 4 Configuration B Start and end of measured losses in reference test method . 17 Figure 5 Configuration C Start and end of measured losses in referen
45、ce test method . 17 Figure 6 Typical OTDR schematic 21 Figure 7 Return loss test set illustration . 22 Figure A.1 One-cord reference measurement . 26 Figure A.2 One-cord test measurement . 26 Figure B.1 Three-cord reference measurement 27 Figure B.2 Three-cord test measurement . 28 Figure C.1 Two-co
46、rd reference measurement. 30 Figure C.2 Two-cord test measurement 30 Figure C.3 Two-cord test measurement for plug-socket style connectors . 30 Figure D.1 Test measurement for method D . 34 Figure D.2 Location of the cabling under test ports 35 Figure D.3 Graphic construction of F1and F236 Figure D.
47、4 Graphic construction of F1, F11, F21and F237 6 IEC 61280-4-2:2014 IEC 2014 Figure D.5 Graphic representation of OTDR ORL measurement . 38 Figure D.6 Graphic representation of reflectance measurement . 39 Figure E.1 Return loss test set illustration 41 Figure E.2 Measurement of the system internal
48、attenuation Pref243 Figure E.3 Measurement of the system internal attenuation Pref143 Figure E.4 Measurement of the system reflected power Prs. 43 Figure E.5 Measurement of the input power Pin. 44 Figure E.6 Measurement of the reflected power . 44 Figure F.1 Return loss test set illustration 46 Figu
49、re F.2 Measurement of Prs with reflections suppressed . 47 Figure F.3 Measurement of Prefwith reference reflector 47 Figure F.4 Measurement of the system reflected power Prs. 47 Figure F.5 Measurement of the reflected power . 48 Figure H.1 Splice and macro bend attenuation measurement . 58 Figure H.2 Attenuation measurement with high reflection connectors . 59 Figure H.3 Attenuation measurement of a short length cabling . 60 Figure H.4 OTDR trace with ghost 61 Figure H.5 C
