1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 810A Electrochemical Capacitors STANDARD FOR SAFETYUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHO
2、RIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Electrochemical Capacitors, UL 810A First Edition, Dated October 7, 2008 Summary of Topics The revisions dated March 28, 2017 have been issued to update the title page to reect the latest designation
3、 of ANSI/UL 810A as a Reaffirmed American National Standard (ANS). The revisions are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated February 3, 2017. Text that has been changed in any manner or impacted by ULs electronic publishing system is marked with a vertical line in the mar
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8、ctronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. MARCH 28, 2017 UL 810A tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL MARCH 28, 2017 UL 810A tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR D
9、ISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL OCTOBER 7, 2008 (Title Page Reprinted: March 28, 2017) 1 UL 810A Standard for Electrochemical Capacitors First Edition October 7, 2008 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the First Edition including revisions through March 28, 2017. The most recent des
10、ignation of ANSI/UL 810A as a Reaffirmed American National Standard (ANS) occurred on March 28, 2017. ANSI approval for a standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, and Title Page. Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. P
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12、ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2017 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 810A-2012 (R2017)UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL OCTOBER 7, 2008 ELECT
13、ROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .5 2 Units of Measurement .5 3 Undated References 5 4 Components .5 5 Glossary .6 CONSTRUCTION 6 Casing/Enclo
14、sure .7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Metallic 7 6.3 Nonmetallic 8 7 Insulating Materials .9 8 Insulated Leads and Terminals .9 9 Spacings .10 PERFORMANCE 10 Important Test Considerations 10 11 Termination Tests .11 11.1 Pull-out test .11 11.2 Torque test .11 12 Conditioning 12 12.1 General .12 12.2 Charge/Disc
15、harge cycling conditioning .13 12.3 Temperature cycling conditioning 13 12.4 Oven exposure conditioning 14 13 Short-Circuit at 55C Test 14 14 Abnormal Charge Test .15 15 Normal Temperature Test 16 16 Heating Test 17 17 Dielectric Voltage-Withstand Test 17 18 Mechanical Tests 18 18.1 General .18 18.2
16、 Crush test 18 18.3 Impact test .18 18.4 Shock test 19 18.5 Vibration test .19 MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS 19 Dielectric Voltage-Withstand .20 MARKINGS 20 General 21 OCTOBER 7, 2008 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRI
17、BUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INSTRUCTIONS 21 General 21 OCTOBER 7, 2008 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 These requirements cover electrochemical capacitors f
18、or use in equipment such as electronic products, uninterruptible power supplies, emergency lighting, engine starting, and power equipment. These energy storage capacitors, also known as “electric double layer capacitors”, ”ultracapacitors”, “double layer capacitors” or “supercapacitors” consist of e
19、ither individual capacitors or multiple series and/or parallel connected capacitors with or without associated circuitry. 1.2 These requirements do not cover electrochemical capacitors for use in hazardous (Classied) locations. 2 Units of Measurement 2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the req
20、uirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information. 3 Undated References 3.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard. 4 Components 4.1 Except as
21、 indicated in 4.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with the requirements for that component. 4.2 A component is not required to comply with a specic requirement that: a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in the produc
22、t covered by this standard, or b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard. 4.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of use. 4.4 Specic components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities. Such
23、 components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specied limits, and shall be used only under those specic conditions. OCTOBER 7, 2008 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DI
24、STRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 5 Glossary 5.1 For the purpose of this standard the following denitions apply. 5.2 CAPACITOR For the purposes of this standard, a single electrochemical capacitor will be referred to as a capacitor and is a single energy storage device whose charge and discharge
25、 is not the result of a chemical reaction. 5.3 CAPACITOR CASING The container for an individual capacitor that serves to protect and contain its internal components and prevent injury from contact to hazardous materials. 5.4 CAPACITOR ELECTRODE The layered interior windings of a capacitor. 5.5 CAPAC
26、ITOR MODULE A single or multiple series and/or parallel-connected, electrochemical capacitors with associated circuitry. 5.6 COMPONENT, CURRENT LIMITING Any component used to restrict the ow of electrical charge during abnormal conditions. Current-limiting components include resistors, fuses and PTC
27、 thermistor type devices. 5.7 COMPONENT, TEMPERATURE LIMITING Any component used to restrict the degree of overheating during abnormal conditions. Temperature-limiting components include thermal protectors, thermal cutoffs, and PTC thermistor type devices. 5.7A ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITOR An electric
28、energy storage device where electrical charge is stored as a result of non-Faradaic processes at one or both of the electrodes. (A subset of electrochemical capacitors referred to as an asymmetric electrochemical capacitor have non-Faradaic processes at one electrode and Faradaic processes at the ot
29、her electrode.) The unique highly-porous electrode increases its surface area for holding charge resulting in much larger capacitance and energy density than other types of capacitors. Electrochemical capacitors differ from common electrolytic capacitors in that they store charge at the liquid-solid
30、 interface of the electrodes when a potential is applied rather than in a solid dielectric material covering the surfaces of the electrodes. Some other common names for an electrochemical capacitor are double layer capacitor, ultra-capacitor, electrochemical double layer capacitor, super-capacitor,
31、and EDLC. 5.7A added November 1, 2012 5.8 ELECTROLYTE The medium containing ions which facilitates transfer of charge within the capacitor. 5.9 ENCLOSURE The part of the capacitor module that: a) Renders inaccessible all or any parts of the equipment that may otherwise present a risk of electric sho
32、ck, or b) Retards propagation of ame initiated by electrical disturbances occurring within. 5.10 EXPLOSION A condition that occurs when the capacitor contents are forcibly expelled and the capacitor enclosure is torn or split into two or more pieces. 5.11 FAMILY (CAPACITOR) A series of capacitors fr
33、om the same manufacturer that are the same shape, chemistry and construction, but that differ from each other only in size and electrical ratings. NOVEMBER 1, 2012 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION
34、 FROM UL 5.12 FIXED EQUIPMENT Any equipment or appliance that is intended to be hard wired to the supply circuit. 5.13 HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE Voltage greater than 60 Vdc or 45 Vrm. 5.14 INSULATED LEAD Wiring such as appliance wiring or building wire, etc., provided with thermoplastic or rubber insulation
35、 and typically marked with the wire gauge and the temperature and voltage rating of the insulation material. 5.15 LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT (LFL) Minimum concentration of a ammable gas/vapor in air which ame is propagated. For example, the LFL of hydrogen is 4 percent by volume. NOVEMBER 1, 2012 ELECTRO
36、CHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 6AUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL NOVEMBER 1, 2012 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 6B No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITH
37、OUT PERMISSION FROM UL 5.16 SEPARATOR Material used to provide electronic separation (not electronically conductive) while still allowing ionic conduction between the positive and negative electrodes within the capacitor. 5.17 SHORT CIRCUIT A direct connection between positive and negative terminals
38、 of the capacitor that provides a virtual zero resistance path for current ow. 5.18 STATIONARY EQUIPMENT Any equipment or appliance that is intended to be fastened in place or located in a dedicated space, and is provided with a power-supply cord for connection to the supply circuit. 5.19 TERMINAL T
39、he point of electrical connection of the capacitor to the circuit. CONSTRUCTION 6 Casing/Enclosure 6.1 General 6.1.1 A capacitor shall be provided with a casing that serves to protect and contain its internal components and prevent injury from contact to hazardous materials. The capacitor casing sha
40、ll be resistant to deterioration from the internal materials it is in contact with. Metallic casing materials shall comply with 6.2.2. Non-metallic casing materials shall comply with the applicable requirements outlined in 6.3. 6.1.2 A capacitor module may or may not be provided with an enclosure. 6
41、.1.3 The enclosure of a capacitor module shall prevent mechanical damage to internal capacitors and circuitry which could lead to a hazardous condition and provide protection from injury due to contact with hazardous parts. The enclosure of the capacitor module shall have the strength and rigidity n
42、ecessary to resist the abuses to which it is likely to be subjected without resulting in a hazardous condition due to total or partial collapse with resulting damage or displacement of parts, reduction of spacings, etc. 6.2 Metallic 6.2.1 A metal enclosure of a capacitor module shall have the streng
43、th and rigidity necessary to provide protection in accordance with 6.1.3. When determining the suitability of a metal enclosure, the applicable factors noted in 6.3.3 shall be taken into consideration. 6.2.2 A metallic casing for a capacitor shall be aluminum or other corrosion resistant material an
44、d shall provide the protection to the internal contents of the capacitor required to comply with the Mechanical Tests of Section 18. 6.2.2 revised June 7, 2011 JUNE 7, 2011 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS - UL 810A 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT P
45、ERMISSION FROM UL 6.3 Nonmetallic 6.3.1 A polymeric material used as part or all of an enclosure of a capacitor module shall comply with the applicable requirements in the Standard for Polymeric Materials Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C. 6.3.2 A polymeric material used as a capacito
46、r casing shall: a) Be classed V-2 minimum in accordance with the Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, UL 94, or b) Comply with the 20 mm (3/4-inch) ame ammability test specied in the Standard for Polymeric Materials Use in Electrical Equipment
47、 Evaluations, UL 746C. 6.3.3 Among the factors that shall be taken into consideration when investigating the acceptability of a nonmetallic material for a capacitor module enclosure or a capacitor casing with respect to its intended application are: a) Mechanical strength; b) Moisture-absorbent prop
48、erties; c) Combustibility; d) Compatibility with electrolyte and other mediums in contact with; Note: Compliance shall be determined by the Practice A Immersion Test in Standard Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents, ASTM D543, using the uid in contact with as the
49、test uid and immersing materials for 168 hours. As a result of the test, there shall be no visible signs of decomposition such as crazing, bubbling, cracking, swelling, tackiness, etc. There shall be no change in weight in excess of 25 percent increase or 10 percent decrease the original weight. e) Resistance to arcing; f) Dielectric strength; g) Aging characteristics; and h) Resistance to distortion at maximum temperature, which the enclosure/casing may be subjecte
