1、 American National StandardANSI Z245.21 - 2013 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY A S S O C I A T I O N S for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable Materials: Stationary Compactors- Safety Requirements for Manufacturing and Reconstruction W ASTE EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION A PART OF
2、 THE ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS 4301 CONNECTICUT AVENUE, NW S UITE 300 W ASHINGTON, DC 20008 TELEPHONE: 202-244-4700 FAX: 202-966-4824 ANSIZ245.21 -2013AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.21-2013 American National Standard for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable M
3、aterials Stationary Compactors Safety Requirements for Manufacturing and Reconstruction Secretariat Environmental Industry Associations Approved May 1, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI
4、that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Subs
5、tantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does n
6、ot in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances g
7、ive an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or
8、sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard
9、. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, New York, New York, 10036, Phone: 212-642-4900, Fax: 212-398-0023. Published by: Waste Equipment Technology Association (En
10、vironmental Industry Association) 4301 Connecticut Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20008 Copyright 2013 by the Environmental Industry Associations All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior permission of
11、the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ANSI Z245.21-2013 i Table of Contents SECTION . PAGE Foreword . Introduction . 1 Scope . 2 Normative references 3 Definitions . 4 Construction . 4.1 General 4.2 Component requirements 4.3 Construction requirements, tests and evaluation criteria.
12、 5 Safeguards and features . 5.1 Access covers 5.2 Service openings . 5.3 Compactor-container attaching mechanism 5.4 Controls 5.5 Operating switches and sensors 5.6 Security switch . 5.7 Emergency controls . 5.8 Interlocks 5.9 Guarding 5.10 Compactor containers 5.11 Container/cart-lifting systems 5
13、.12 Continuously operating and unattended stationary compactors with automatic start-up additional safety features . 5.13 Machines that start upon door closure. 6 Markings 6.1 General 6.2 Marking of permanently connected equipment 6.3 Marking or cord connected equipment 6.4 Marking of components . 6
14、.5 Safety signs: caution, warning and danger markings 6.6 Permanence of markings . 7 Instructions . 7.1 General 7.2 Installation and operating instructions . APPENDIXES A Bibliography (informative) A.1 General A.2 U.S. Government Health it does not denote a mandatory requirement. 3.75 start-up alarm
15、: An audible and visible alarm distinctive and recognizable as a signal to provide warning that the stationary compactor will begin to operate. 3.76 stationary compactor: A powered press or auger that remains stationary and is designed to compact waste or recyclable materials into either a detachabl
16、e or integral container (such as in a self-contained compactor) or into a transfer vehicle. Apartment stationary compactors are stationary compactors used in apartment complexes or institutions (See Figure 1). Commercial/industrial stationary compactors are stationary compactors used in commercial b
17、usinesses, industrial plants, or waste processing, disposal, transfer and recycling facilities (see Figures 2, 3 and 4). 3.77 sustained manual pressure control: A control that requires continuous manual pressure by the operator to allow the stationary compactor to operate. 3.78 system: The combined
18、use of several (normally stand-alone) technologies in an integrated fashion for the simultaneous or sequential processing of materials (such as, shredders, trommels, conveyors, etc.). 3.79 system pressure: The range of operating pressures ranging between normal and maximum operating pressure in the
19、hydraulic system as stated by the manufacturer. 3.80 tailgate: The hinged gate or door(s) that closes the rear of the compactor container. 3.81 tilt-frame or roll-off equipment: The tilt-frame, tilt-frame support equipment, hoisting devices, tilt cylinders, and controls for operating the tilt-frame
20、and hoisting devices for loading, dumping, and unloading containers or stationary compactors (See Figure 5). Tilt-frame equipment can be mounted on an engine-cab and chassis or on a trailer chassis. 3.82 unattended stationary compactor with automatic startup: Stationary compactor where the main moto
21、r will start and the compactor will cycle automatically while unattended when activated by a signal from a sensor or a sequencing program or device. 3.83 waste: Materials such as garbage, trash, rubbish, ashes, incineration residue, street cleanings, plant trimmings, solids, semi-solids, liquids or
22、gases, which are generated and discarded by commercial, industrial, and residential activities. Excluded are solid or dissolved materials such as domestic sewage ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 8 and solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges. This definition does includ
23、e material diverted from the waste stream for the purpose of recycling. 3.84 working surface: Any surface on which employees perform job duties or upon which employees are required to work while performing assigned tasks. (a) Horizontal Figure 1. Apartment stationary compactor ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page
24、 9 Figure 2. Commercial/industrial stationary compactor (shown with optional accessories) ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 10 Figure 3. Self-contained compactor-container ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 11 Figure 4. Continuously operating stationary compactor (as used in typical waste processing facility operations) F
25、igure 5. Typical transport equipment for compactor-containers ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 12 4 Construction 4.1 General 4.1.1 Stationary compactors shall be designed and constructed with consideration for the reduction of the risk of fire, electrical shock or injury to persons during operation and mainte
26、nance. NOTE 1: Consideration shall be given to reasonably foreseeable misuse of the stationary compactor for its intended application. It is not expected that every possible misuse will be foreseen, but the manufacturer should use its best judgment and experience to reduce the risk of fire, electric
27、al shock or injury to persons. NOTE 2: An optional, functional attachment that is made available or recommended by the manufacturer for use with the basic equipment shall be included in the evaluation of the equipment. Unless the manufacturer recommends the use of two or more attachments at the same
28、 time, only one attachment at a time is to be evaluated with the equipment. NOTE 3: Whether a guard, an interlock, or the like is required and whether such a device is adequate shall be determined from an evaluation of the complete equipment, its operating characteristics, and the likelihood of a ri
29、sk of injury to persons resulting from a cause other than negligence. The evaluation shall include consideration of the results of breakdown or malfunction of any one component, but not more than one component at a time, unless one event contributes to another. If the evaluation shows that breakdown
30、 or malfunction of a particular component results in a risk of injury to persons, that component shall be evaluated for reliability. 4.2 Component requirements 4.2.1 Except as indicated in 4.2.2, a component of a stationary compactor covered by this standard shall comply with the requirements for th
31、at component. See Appendix A for a list of standards covering components generally used in the equipment covered by this standard. 4.2.2 A component need not comply with a specific requirement that: a) Involves a feature or characteristic not needed in the application of the component in the equipme
32、nt covered by this standard, or b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard. 4.2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its recognized rating established for the intended conditions of use. 4.2.4 Specific components may be recognized as being incomplete in construction features or res
33、tricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions for which they have been recognized. 4.3 Construction requirements, tests and e
34、valuation criteria 4.3.1 Mechanical components and construction features of stationary compactors shall be in accordance with Table 1. ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 13 Table 1. Mechanical construction requirements and performance evaluation criteria Feature or component Informative (Appendix B) Specific pe
35、rformance tests and evaluation criteria (Appendix D) Sharpness of edges B.1.1 Adhesives B.1.2 UL 746C Corrosion protection B.1.3 Mechanical enclosures and guards B.2 Mechanical components and assembly B.3 Rotating and moving parts B.4 D.8 Hydraulic systems B.5.1 Hydraulic system hoses B.5.2 Hydrauli
36、c system couplings and fittings B.5.3 Hydraulic system control valves B.6 UL 429; UL 842 Hydraulic system relief valves B.7.1 - B.7.6 Hydraulic system reservoirs B.7.7 Stability B.8 D.7 Structural integrity B.9 4.3.2 Electrical equipment used in stationary compactors shall be in accordance with Tabl
37、e 2. Table 2. Electrical construction requirements and performance evaluation criteria Feature or component Informative (Appendix C) Specific performance tests and evaluation criteria (Appendix D) Electrical enclosures C.2 UL 50, with environmental rating equivalent to the intended use of the statio
38、nary compactor Access to uninsulated live parts and film-coated wire C.3 Cords and plugs of cord-connected equipment C.4.1.1 Strain relief for cords on cord-connected equipment C.4.1.2 D.6 Bushings for cords on cord-connected equipment C.4.1.3 Permanently connected equipment a. General b. Terminal c
39、ompartment c. Wiring terminals and leads d. Identification of terminals and leads C.5.1 C.5.2 C.5.3 C.5.4 Current-carrying parts C.6 Insulating material C.7 Mechanical protection of internal wiring C.8.1 D.5 ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 14 Splices and connections of internal wiring C.8.2 Separation of cir
40、cuits C.9 Grounding a. General b. Grounding identification C.10.1 C.10.2 Heating elements C.11 Listed heater(s) UL 1030 for sheathed heating elements Motors a. Construction b. Overload protection C.12.1 UL 1004 C.12.2 Motor utilizes UL 508A controller or meets requirements of C.12.2.1 - C 12.2.4 Ove
41、rload- or thermal-protective devices C.13 UL 508A or meets requirements of C.13.1 - C.13.6 Switches, controls and interlocks C.14 Spacings C.15 UL 1004 (Standard for Rotating Electrical Machines - General Requirements Starting current test D.1 D.1 Leakage current test D.2 D.2 Temperature tests D.3 D
42、.3 Dielectric-current-withstand test D.4 D.4 4.3.3 Manufacturing and post-production tests The manufacturer of each stationary compactor shall carry out the following post-production tests: a) Dielectric-voltage-withstand test in accordance with E.1. (See Appendix E.) b) Grounding continuity test in
43、 accordance with E.2. (See Appendix E.) c) Hydraulic system test in accordance with E.3. (See Appendix E.) NOTE: Where a stationary compactor is being provided as part of a system, the above tests apply only to the stationary compactor and are conducted prior to system assembly. 5 Safeguards and fea
44、tures 5.1 Access covers 5.1.1 Access covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable device, or be removable by the use of hand tools only. 5.2 Service openings 5.2.1 Removable covers shall protect service openings that expose pinch points. The covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable d
45、evice, or be removable by the use of hand tools only. ANSI Z245.21-2013 Page 15 5.3 Compactor-container attaching mechanism 5.3.1 The compactor-container attaching mechanism shall be capable of withstanding the manufacturers specified maximum ram force exerted on the refuse in the container. 5.4 Con
46、trols 5.4.1 Each control shall be clearly and conspicuously labeled as to its function. 5.4.2 Operating controls, such as start buttons, shall be designed and located to prevent unintentional activation. 5.4.3 A safety retract feature shall be provided such that whenever the unit is shut off and sta
47、rted again, the ram shall always retract to its rear position or a means of stopping and controlling the movement of the ram at any point shall be provided. 5.4.4 Controls fitted with plug-in type devices shall be provided with ground fault protection or be operated by 30v DC or less, or Class 2 tra
48、nsformer. 5.4.5 Safety related controls that depend on electronics and/or software shall be tested and labeled to UL 508, Industrial Control Equipment or other applicable certifications. See Appendix C.14 for complete description. 5.4.6 Stop buttons, including emergency stop buttons, shall be red, d
49、istinguishable from all other controls by size and color, and shall not be recessed. 5.4.7 A lockable mechanism (e.g., interlock, key lock switch) shall be provided at the discharge end of a compactor to prevent activation of the compaction cycle when the container is being exchanged if the discharge end is not visible from the operator controls. 5.4.8 Controls and live electrical components shall have adequate work space in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Section 110, Requirements for electrical installations. 5.5 Operat
