1、 American National StandardANSI Z245.5-2013 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY A S S O C I A T I O N S for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable Materials - Baling Equipment Safety Requirements for Installation, Maintenance, Modification, Repair and Operation W ASTE EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY
2、ASSOCIATION A PART OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS 4301 CONNECTICUT AVENUE, NW S UITE 300 W ASHINGTON, DC 20008 TELEPHONE: 202-244-4700 FAX: 202-966-4824 ANSIZ245.5 - 2013AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.5-2013 American National Standard for Equipment Technology and Operations for Was
3、tes and Recyclable Materials Baling Equipment Safety Requirements for Installation, Maintenance, Modification, Repair, and Operation Secretariat Environmental Industry Associations Approved May 1, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard Approval of an American Nat
4、ional Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by dir
5、ectly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is
6、 completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not dev
7、elop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretatio
8、ns should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically t
9、o reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, New York, New York, 10036, Phone: 212-642-4900, Fax: 212-398-0023. Published b
10、y: Waste Equipment Technology Association (Environmental Industry Association) 4301 Connecticut Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20008 Copyright 2013 by the Environmental Industry Associations All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval syst
11、em or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ANSI Z245.5-2013 i Table of Contents SECTION . PAGE Foreword iii-iv Introduction . 1 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Definitions . 2-8 4 Installation Requirements . 17 4.1 General 17 4.2 Power
12、disconnect. 17 4.3 Emergency controls . 17 5 Safeguards and features . 17 5.1 Access covers 17 5.2 Service openings . 17 5.3 Controls 17-18 5.4 Operating switches and sensors 18 5.5 Security switch . 18 5.6 Emergency controls . 18-19 5.7 Interlocks 19 5.8 Guarding 19 5.9 Container/cart lifting syste
13、ms . 20-21 5.10 Continuously operating and unattended balers with automatic start-up additional safety features . 21-22 5.11 Vertical downstroke balers additional safety features 23 5.12 Vertical upstroke balers additional safety features . 23 5.13 Horizontal balers additional safety features 23-24
14、5.14 Safety signs: caution, warning and danger markings . 24-26 6 Reconstruction and modification . 26 7 Operational requirements . 27 7.1 Owner/employer responsibilities 27-29 7.2 Operator/employee/user responsibilities . 29 7.3 Procedures for the control of hazardous energy sources (lockout/tagout
15、) 30-31 7.4 Procedures for work in confined spaces 31-32 7.5 Procedures for electrical arc flash and shock safety . 32 8 Safety and training program . 32 8.1 General. . 32 8.2 Safety program 32-33 8.3 General training . 33-34 8.4 Training requirements 34 Appendix A Bibliography (informative) 35 A.1
16、General 35 A.2 U.S. Government Health it does not denote a mandatory requirement. 3.81 start-up alarm: An audible and visible alarm distinctive and recognizable as a signal to provide warning that the baler will begin to operate. 3.82 sustained manual pressure control: A control that requires contin
17、uous manual pressure by the operator to allow the baler to operate. 3.83 system: The combined use of several (normally stand-alone) technologies in an integrated fashion for the simultaneous or sequential processing of materials (such as, shredders, trommels, conveyors, etc.). 3.84 system pressure:
18、The range of operating pressures ranging between normal and maximum operating pressure in the hydraulic system as stated by the manufacturer. 3.85 unattended baler with automatic startup: Baling equipment where the main motor will start and the baler will cycle automatically while unattended when ac
19、tivated by a signal from a sensor or a sequencing program or device. 3.86 waste: Materials such as garbage, trash, rubbish, ashes, incineration residue, street cleanings, plant trimmings, solids, semi-solids, liquids or gases, which are generated and discarded by commercial, industrial, and resident
20、ial activities. Excluded are solid or dissolved materials such as domestic sewage and solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges. This definition does include material diverted from the waste stream for the purpose of recycling. 3.87 working surface: Any surface
21、 on which employees perform job duties or upon which employees are required to work while performing assigned tasks. ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 9 Figure 1. Vertical downstroke baler ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 10 Figure 2. Vertical upstroke baler (chain driven) ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 11 Figure 3. Horizontal ext
22、rusion baler Figure 4. Horizontal closed-chamber baler ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 12 Figure 5. Two-stage vertical-horizontal (continuous) extrusion baler ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 13 Figure 6. Two-stage horizontal baler (two compression strokes) ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 14 Figure 7. Two-stage horizontal baler w
23、ith single-compression cylinder ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 15 Figure 8. Open End Auto-tie ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 16 Figure 9. Two-RamANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 17 4. Installation requirements 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 The installer of balers shall do so in accordance with the appropriate sections of this
24、American National Standard and ANSI Z245.51-2013, applicable codes, local ordinances and the manufacturers recommendations, and shall affix to such equipment the date of installation, installers name and a statement attesting to compliance with this standard. (See Section 7, Operational Requirements
25、.) NOTE: Consideration shall be given to reasonably foreseeable misuse of the baler for its intended application. It is not expected that every possible misuse will be foreseen, but the installer should use its best judgment and experience to reduce the risk of fire, electrical shock or injury to pe
26、rsons during installation, operation and maintenance of the baler. 4.2 Power disconnect 4.2.1 Installation shall include a power disconnecting means that can be locked in the “off” position. 4.2.2 Power disconnects and live electrical components shall have adequate work space in accordance with ANSI
27、/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Section 110, Requirements for electrical installations. 4.2.3 Power disconnects with more than 200 volt operating systems shall be labeled with “ARC FLASH” warning decals on the main disconnect panel face per ANSI/NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Wo
28、rkplace . 4.3 Emergency controls 4.3.1 Emergency stop controls shall be readily accessible to the operator or shall be located within 3 ft (91.4 cm) of the point of operation, the material feed area, or if chute fed, within 3 ft (91.4 cm) of the access door. 4.3.2 An electrical power disconnect shal
29、l be located within sight of, and no more than, 50 ft (15 m) away from the main control panel. 5. Safeguards and features 5.1 Access covers 5.1.1 Access covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable device, or be removable by the use of hand tools only. 5.2 Service openings 5.2.1 Removable cove
30、rs shall protect service openings that expose pinch points. The covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable device or be removable by the use of hand tools only. 5.3 Controls 5.3.1 Each control shall be clearly and conspicuously labeled as to its function. 5.3.2 Operating controls, such as st
31、art buttons, shall be designed and located to prevent unintentional activation. ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 18 5.3.3 Controls fitted with plug-in type devices intended for connection or disconnection during normal usage shall be provided with ground fault protection or be operated by 30 volt DC or less, o
32、r supplied by a Class 2 transformer. 5.3.4 Safety related controls that depend on electronics and/or software shall be tested and labeled to UL 508, Industrial Control Equipment or other applicable certifications. 5.3.5 Stop buttons, including emergency stop buttons, shall be red, distinguishable fr
33、om all other controls by size and color, and shall not be recessed. 5.3.6 A lockable electrical disconnect shall be located within sight of, and no more than 50 ft (15 m) away from, the main control panel. 5.3.7 Controls and live electrical components shall have adequate work space in accordance wit
34、h ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Section 110, Requirements for electrical installations. 5.4 Operating switches and sensors 5.4.1 When the unintentional operation of a switch results in a risk of injury to persons, the actuator of the switch shall be located or guarded so that unintended op
35、eration is unlikely. 5.4.2 When guarding is utilized for the actuator of the switch, it shall be by recessing, ribs, barriers, or similar means. 5.4.3 The actuator of an interlock switch shall be located so that unintentional operation is unlikely. 5.4.4 A device that starts a baler automatically, s
36、uch as a timer, an automatically reset overload-protective device, or similar means, shall not be employed unless it utilizes a start-up alarm. 5.5 Security switch 5.5.1 A key-lock on-off switch, or similarly functioning security switch, shall be provided by the manufacturer as a means of controllin
37、g access to only trained and authorized employees. 5.6 Emergency controls 5.6.1 An emergency stop shall be provided at all points of operation and when activated shall render baler or system inoperable. An emergency stop shall not be considered lockout or tagout. 5.6.2 Multiple points of operation s
38、hall have an emergency stop readily accessible to each point of operation and material feed area. Where possible, the emergency stop should be located within 3 ft (91.4 cm) of each point of operation or material feed area. Exception: An emergency stop switch need not be provided for a baler that is
39、only operable via sustained manual pressure controls. 5.6.3 When an emergency stop is reset, all start up sequences shall be applied before motion may resume/restart. 5.6.4 Upon restart after an emergency stop: a) A means of manual controlling the ram movement shall be provided, or, b) A safety retr
40、act feature shall be provided such that if the machine was stopped with the ram in any position other than the fully retracted (open chamber) position, the ram shall only retract and stop upon restart after the emergency stop. ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 19 5.6.5 An electrical power disconnect is to be lo
41、cated with sight of, and no more than 50 ft (15 m) away from, the main control panel. 5.7 Interlocks 5.7.1 Access door(s) of loading chambers shall have an interlock system that prevents cycling motion while the access door(s) is/are open unless the provisions of 5.8.1 are met. 5.7.2 An interlock sh
42、all not be readily defeated without intentional purpose, by: a) Damaging of the interlock; b) Making wiring connections or alterations; or c) The use of tools or other materials (such as magnets and wedging devices). 5.7.3 An interlock shall not be capable of being defeated by materials such as wood
43、, metal chips or debris that could accumulate in normal use. 5.7.4 When movement of a guard actuates an interlock, the arrangement shall be such that the guard is in place when the interlock is in the position that permits operation of the parts being guarded. 5.8 Guarding 5.8.1 Protection of person
44、nel from contacting moving parts or material loaded at the point of operation or other mechanical operations, shall be provided by one of the following methods or by other means as effective as the following means: a) The installation of a guard or loading hopper with a minimum loading height above
45、the working surface of 42 inches (106.7 cm) (dimension “Y”), and the sum of dimensions “X“ and” Y” equaling 84 inches (213.4 cm) or greater (See Figure 8), that shall prevent any person from contacting moving parts at the point of operation; or b) The installation of guarding or an access gate or do
46、or that is interlocked in such a manner as to prevent the movement of parts at the point of operation when the gate or door is open and not allowing restart of the movement until after both the gate or door is closed and the normal start up sequence is completed. c) Sustained-manual-pressure control
47、s located in such a way that the operator cannot reach the point of operation and within an area fully visible to the operator of the complete point-of-operation area when a guard is not used. NOTE: An emergency stop switch need not be provided for a baler which is only operable via sustained manual
48、 pressure controls. 5.8.2 Any guarding provided shall allow adequate clearances for ingress and egress for servicing and operation of the baler. ANSI Z245.5-2013 Page 20 Figure 10. Guard or loading hopper - minimum loading height for balers 5.9 Container/cart lifting systems 5.9.1 General 5.9.1.1 Co
49、ntainer/cart lifting systems for balers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 5.9.1.2 Controls for container/cart lifting systems, except for those stated in 5.9.3, shall be of the sustained-manual-pressure type, and shall be located outside the area of operation of the lifting system and container, such that the operator is in direct line of sight of the lifting operation and cannot activate the controls while standing under a raised container. 5.9.1.3 Safety check valves in the hydraulic system or mechanical lock sys
