1、 MIL-STD-1901A 6 June 2002 SUPERSEDING MIL-STD-1901 22 JANUARY 1992 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DESIGN CRITERIA STANDARD MUNITION ROCKET AND MISSILE MOTOR IGNITION SYSTEM DESIGN, SAFETY CRITERIA FOR AMSC N/A FSC 13GP DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. NOT MEA
2、SUREMENT SENSITIVE Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A i FOREWORD 1. This Military Standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 2. The purpose of this standard is to establish sp
3、ecific design safety criteria for Ignition Systems and Ignition Safety Devices intended for use with munition rockets and missile motors. The safety, arming, and firing requirements specified herein are mandatory fundamental elements of engineering design, development, and testing. Ignition systems
4、shall provide primary safety for propulsion systems consistent with assembly, handling, storage, transportation, operational readiness, and use or disposal. The inadvertent actuation of a munition propulsion system can result in catastrophic material damage and injury or death to personnel. Every ef
5、fort must be made during the development of munition propulsion systems with their associated initiation systems, to achieve a high degree of safety through the incorporation of good design features and the selection and use of materials and operating procedures. The thrust toward in-field testing o
6、f powered weapons further increases the exposure of operating personnel to the threat of inadvertent actuation of the munition propulsion system. 3. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document shall be addressed to
7、: Commander, US Army TACOM-ARDEC, ATTN: AMSTA-AR-QAW-E, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000 by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. Comments should be forwarded through the designated Reviewing Activity
8、 listed for each Service in 4.14. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A ii CONTENTS PARAGRAPH PAGE FORWARD i TABLE OF CONTENTS ii 1 SCOPE 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Applicability 1 1.3 Excluded Munitions 1 2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2 2.1
9、General 2 2.2 Government Documents 2 2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks 2 2.2.2 Other Government Documents 3 2.3 Non-Government Publications 3 2.4 Order of Precedence 4 3 DEFINITIONS 5 3.1 Armed 5 3.2 Common mode failures 5 3.3 Enabling 5 3.4 Environment 5 3.5 Environmental stimulus 5 3.
10、6 Fail-safe design 5 3.7 Firing Energy Train 5 3.8 Firmware 5 3.9 Igniter charge 6 3.10 Ignition safety device (ISD) 6 3.11 Ignition system (IS) 6 3.12 Independent safety feature 6 3.13 Initiator 6 3.14 Interrupted firing energy train 6 3.15 Interrupted pyrotechnic train 6 3.16 Maximum no-fire stimu
11、lus (MNFS) 6 3.17 Pyrotechnic materials 7 3.18 Pyrotechnic train 7 3.19 Safety feature 7 3.20 Safety system failure 7 3.21 Sensitive pyrotechnics 7 3.22 Sensor, environmental 7 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A iii 4 GENER
12、AL REQUIREMENTS 8 4.1 Ignition Systems 8 4.1.1 Ignition system design 8 4.1.2 Ignition safety device 8 4.2 Analyses 8 4.3 Ignition System 9 4.3.1 Ignition safety device 9 4.4 Manual Arming 9 4.5 Safety System Failure Rate 10 4.6 Documentation 10 4.7 Electromagnetic Environments 10 4.8 Electronic Log
13、ic Functions 10 4.9 Fail-Safe Features 10 4.10 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 10 4.10.1 EOD reviewing authority 10 4.11 Armed or Non-armed Condition 11 4.11.1 Non-armed condition assurance 11 4.11.2 Visual indication 12 4.11.3 Electrical firing energy dissipation 12 4.12 Design for Quality Control, Ins
14、pection and Maintenance 12 4.13 Design Approval 13 4.14 Reviewing Activity 13 5 DETAINED REQUIREMENTS 14 5.1 Application Guidance 14 5.2 Pyrotechnic Trains and Firing Energy Trains 14 5.2.1 Pyrotechnic or explosive sensitivity (transfer charge and igniter pyrotechnics) 14 5.2.2 Pyrotechnic train int
15、erruption 15 5.2.3 Non-interrupted pyrotechnic train control 16 5.2.4 Initiator electrical sensitivity 16 6 NOTES 18 6.1 Intended Use 18 6.2 Acquisition Documents 18 6.3 Additional Criteria 18 6.4 Custodian 18 6.5 Hazard Analyses 18 6.6 Subject Term (Key Word) Listing 18 6.7 International Standardiz
16、ation Agreements 19 6.8 Changes from previous issue 19 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 1 1 SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This standard establishes the design safety criteria for munition ignition systems and associated ignition safet
17、y devices used to arm and fire munition propulsion systems. 1.2 Applicability This standard applies to the design of ignition systems and ignition safety devices in new exploratory, advanced, engineering, and operational system developments. Ignition systems incorporating or initiating one or more d
18、etonating components will be subjected to the requirements of this standard in the same manner as those incorporating only pyrotechnic components. 1.3 Excluded Munitions This standard does not apply to the following: a. Nuclear weapon systems and trainers. b. Flares and signals dispensed by hand hel
19、d devices. c. Pyrotechnic countermeasure devices. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 2 2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard. This se
20、ction does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements documents cited in
21、 sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government documents. 2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues
22、 of these documents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 6.2). SPECIFICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE MIL-T-339 Tetryl (Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) MIL-C-440 Composition A3 an
23、d A4 MIL-E-14970 Explosive Composition A5 MIL-C-21723 Composition CH-6 MIL-I-23659 Initiators, Electric, General Design Specification MIL-P-46464 Pellets, Tetryl MIL-P-46994 Pellets/Granules, Boron/Potassium Nitrate MIL-R-63419 RDX/Vinyl Chloride Copolymer Explosive Composition (PBX 9407) (For Use i
24、n Ammunition) MIL-E-81111 Explosive, Plastic-Bonded Molding Powder (PBXN-5) MIL-E-82903 Explosive, HNS-IV and HNS-V STANDARDS FEDERAL FED-STD-595 Color Used in Government Procurement DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE MIL-STD-331 Fuze and Fuze Components, Environmental and Performance Tests for Provided by IHSNo
25、t for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 3 MIL-STD-461 Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics, Requirements of Subsystems and Equipment MIL-STD-464 Electromagnetic Environmental Effects, Requirements for Syst
26、ems MIL-STD 882 System Safety MIL-STD-1316 Fuze Design, Safety Criteria for. MIL-STD-1751 Safety and Performance Tests for Qualification of Explosives (High Explosives, Propellants and Pyrotechnics) HANDBOOKS DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE MIL-HDBK-1512 Electroexplosive Subsystems, Electrically Initiated, De
27、sign Requirement and Test Methods (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of federal and military specifications, standards and handbooks are available from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia PA 19111-5094.) 2.2.2 Other Government Documents. The follow
28、ing other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of the document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues are those cited in the solicitation. NAVY WEAPON SPECIFICATIONS WS-4660 DIPAM Explosive WS-5003 Explosive HNS WS-12604 Explosive, Plastic-Bond
29、ed Molding Powder (PBXN-6) OD 44811 Safety and Performance Tests for Qualification of Explosives (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of the above documents are available from Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 03R42, 2351 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22242-5160.) 2.3 Non-Government Pulbication
30、s. The following documents(s) form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents which are DoD adopted are those listed in the issue of the DoDISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified the issues of documents not liste
31、d in the DoDISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2). Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 4 INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE) IEEE/EIA 12207.0 Software Life Cycle Process
32、es IEEE/EIA 12207.1 Software Life Cycle Processes Life Cycle Data IEEE/EIA 12207.2 Software Life Cycle Processes Implementation Considerations (Application for copies should be addressed to the IEEE Service Center, P.O. Box 1331, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331.) 2.4 Order of Precedence. In
33、 event of a conflict between this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or network
34、ing permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 5 3 Definitions 3.1 Armed. An ignition system is armed when the output of a primary explosive, a sensitive pyrotechnic or application of a firing stimulus can produce ignition of the munition propulsion system. a. An ignition system employing
35、an ignition safety device with pyrotechnic train interruption (see 5.2.2) is considered armed when the interrupter(s) position (or condition) is ineffective in preventing propagation of the pyrotechnic train, given initiation of the sensitive elements of the train, at a rate equal to or exceeding 0.
36、5 percent at a confidence level of 95 percent. b. An ignition system employing firing energy train interruption (see 5.2.3.1) is considered armed when the interrupters position or condition is ineffective in preventing initiation of the first element of the pyrotechnic train at a rate equal to or ex
37、ceeding 0.5 percent at a confidence level of 95 percent. c. An ignition system employing a non-interrupted pyrotechnic train and a non-interrupted firing energy train (see 5.2.3.2) is considered armed when the firing energy available for delivery to the initiator equals or exceeds the initiators max
38、imum no-fire stimulus. 3.2 Common mode failures. Multiple failures that result from, or are caused by, seemingly unrelated failure(s) or an adverse environment. Examples include the failure of two gates on a single digital integrated circuit due to loss of the ground to the chip or failure of two tr
39、ansistors due to exposure to a high temperature environment. 3.3 Enabling. The act of removing or deactivating any safety feature, which prevents arming. 3.4 Environment. A specific physical condition to which the ignition system may be exposed. 3.5 Environmental stimulus. A specific stimulus obtain
40、ed from an environment. 3.6 Fail-safe design. A characteristic of an ignition system and/or part thereof, including the ignition safety device, designed to preclude ignition of the propulsion system or hazard to personnel when safety features malfunction. 3.7 Firing Energy Train. The path of all non
41、-chemical energy leading to the first element of a non-interrupted pyrotechnic train. 3.8 Firmware. The combination of a hardware device and computer instructions or computer data that reside as read only software on the hardware device. The software cannot be readily modified under program control.
42、 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-1901A 6 3.9 Igniter charge. A source of heat and pressure that actually ignites the motor propellant. 3.10 Ignition safety device (ISD). A device that is an integral part of the munition whose
43、purpose is to prevent an unintended functioning of the rocket or missile motor through interruption of the pyrotechnic train, interruption of the firing energy train, or control of the energy required to arm the ISD and function the initiator. 3.11 Ignition system (IS). The aggregate of devices in a
44、 weapon system, including those in the munition, launcher and munition launch platform (e.g., fire control system, armament control unit), which control the arming and firing signals to cause the munition propulsion system to function. 3.12 Independent safety feature. A safety feature is independent
45、 if its integrity is not affected by the functioning or malfunctioning of the other safety features. 3.13 Initiator. The component or components which convert the firing energy resulting in initiation of the first explosive or pyrotechnic element, even in the case of a distributed system where the e
46、nergy conversion may occur at some distance and in a physically different module from the explosive or pyrotechnic element. The first explosive or pyrotechnic element of the explosive train will always be considered as part of the initiator. Examples of Initiators include but are not limited to: a.
47、Exploding Bridgewire (EBW) devices; b. Semi-Conductor Bridge (SCB) initiators; c. Laser diodes, the first component of the explosive or pyrotechnic train, and the in between (transfer) components; d. Exploding Foil Initiators (EFI) including the bridge and explosive component; e. Stab Detonators. 3.
48、14 Interrupted firing energy train. A firing energy train with its elements physically and functionally separated until arming to interrupt the firing energy path and thus prevent ignition of the first element of a non-interrupted pyrotechnic train in the event of unintended activation of any sensit
49、ive element in the firing energy train (e.g., low voltage laser diodes). 3.15 Interrupted pyrotechnic train. A pyrotechnic train (see 3.18) with elements of the train physically and functionally separated until arming to interrupt the firing path and thus prevent ignition of the motor propellant in the event of unintended ignition of any sensitive element of the train. 3.
