1、 AS/NZS 2381.1:1999 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand StandardElectrical equipment for explosive atmospheresSelection, installation and maintenance Part 1: General requirements AS/NZS 2381.1 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE S
2、UPERSEDEDAS/NZS 2381.1:1999 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee EL-014, Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 18 November 1999 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand
3、on 22 November 1999. It was published on 5 December 1999. The following are represented on Committee EL-014: Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Auckland Regional Chamber of Commerce Australian Association of Certification Bodies Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Coal
4、Association Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Australian Gas Association Australian Industry Group Australian Institute of Petroleum Australian Institute of Refrigeration Air Conditioning and Heating Department of Mineral Resources, N.S.W. Department of Mines and Energy,
5、 Qld Electricity Supply Association of Australia Institute of Electrical Inspectors Institute of Instrumentation and Control Australia Institution of Engineers Australia Ministry of Commerce (New Zealand) National Electrical and Communications Association New Zealand Association of Marine, Aviation
6、and Power Engineers New Zealand Employers and Manufacturers Association New Zealand Hazardous Areas Electrical Coordinating Committee Regulatory authorities (electrical) WorkCover New South Wales Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technolog
7、y and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any
8、amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Australia web site at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard
9、in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update opti
10、ons. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your c
11、omments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 98297.Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDED
12、AS/NZS 2381.1:1999 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand StandardElectrical equipment for explosive atmospheresSelection, installation and maintenance Part 1: General requirements Originated as AS 1076.11977. Revised and redesignated AS 2381.11991. Jointly revised and designated AS/
13、NZS 2381.1:1999. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (March 2003). COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permi
14、ssion of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 3081 7 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDEDAS/NZS 2
15、381.1:1999 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL/14, Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas, to supersede, AS 2381.11991. It forms the first part of a series of Standards for the selection, installation and maintenance of electrical
16、 equipment for use in areas where flammable materials are generated, processed, handled or stored, and which therefore are potentially hazardous. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (March 2003). The changes required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment n
17、umber against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The Joint Committee EL/14 has endorsed the adoption of the IEC 60079 Gases and vapours and IEC 61241 Dusts series of Standards as Joint Australian/New Zealand Standards. In these series of Standards there is no reference to Clas
18、s I and Class II areas. The different Zones are identified as Zone 0, 1, 2 for explosive gases atmospheres and Zone 20, 21, 22 for explosive dust atmospheres. Considering that the process of adoption of IEC Standards has started, references to Class I and Class II areas have been removed from this S
19、tandard to initiate the alignment with the upcoming adopted Standards. The presentation of this edition is more relevant to the electrical regulatory structures in Australia and New Zealand. Significant changes in this edition are as follows: (a) Inclusion of the New Zealand requirements and referen
20、ces to allow the application of this Standard in New Zealand. (b) Deletion of all references to Class I (gases) and Class II (dusts) areas. (c) Inclusion of Zones 20, 21 and 22 to address the zoning of hazardous areas in explosive dust atmospheres. (d) Revision and expansion of definitions. (e) Addi
21、tion to Section 1 of a specific clause covering documentation. (f) Addition to Section 2 of clauses clarifying the verification of acceptance of electrical equipment and the selection of repaired or existing equipment. (g) Revision and expansion of requirements regarding installation of equipment an
22、d wiring; addition of a clause addressing specific occupancies. (h) Restructure and expansion of Section 5 covering maintenance. (i) Addition of appendices showing the Standards and overseas certifications bodies recognized by regulatory authorities in New Zealand. (j) Addition of an appendix contai
23、ning a report on the dangers from high-intensity light sources in hazardous areas. (k) Deletion of the appendix covering marking of explosion-protected equipment (see AS/NZS 60079.0 and AS 2380.1). This Standard necessarily deals with existing conditions, but it is not intended to discourage inventi
24、on or to exclude materials, equipment and methods which may be developed in the future. Revisions will be made from time to time in view of such developments and amendments to this edition will be made only where absolutely necessary. It is expected that the next edition will be issued approximately
25、 5 years from the publication date of this edition. A1 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDED3 AS/NZS 2381.1:1999 The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they app
26、ly. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICA
27、L SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDEDAS/NZS 2381.1:1999 4 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD 6 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE.7 1.2 APPLICATION7 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.7 1.4 DEFINITIONS.8 1.5 STATUTORY REGULATIONS12 1.6 DOCUMENTATION .12 1.7 QUALIFICATIONS OF PERSONNEL .13 1.8 CLASSIFICATION O
28、F HAZARDOUS AREAS .14 1.9 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS14 1.10 PREVENTION OF EXPLOSION 16 1.11 PRECAUTIONS 17 SECTION 2 SELECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION18 2.2 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT NOT PERMITTED IN HAZARDOUS AREAS18 2.3 PERMITTED EQUIPMENT18 2.4 ZONE 0, 1 AND 2 HAZARDOUS AREAS.18 2.5 ZONE
29、20, 21 AND 22 HAZARDOUS AREAS .22 2.6 VERIFICATION OF ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT25 2.7 SELECTION OF REPAIRED OR EXISTING EQUIPMENT .25 SECTION 3 INSTALLATION 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION27 3.2 GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS.27 3.3 EARTHING .27 3.4 EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING28 3.5 ELECTRICAL PROTECTION
30、 29 3.6 ELECTRICAL ISOLATION29 3.7 EMERGENCY SWITCH-OFF.30 3.8 WIRING SYSTEMSGENERAL REQUIREMENTS .30 3.9 EQUIPMENT GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.36 3.10 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLATIONS IN ZONE 0 AREAS .38 3.11 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLATIONS IN ZONE 1 AREAS .38 3.12 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMEN
31、TS FOR INSTALLATIONS IN ZONE 2 AREAS .40 3.13 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLATIONS IN ZONE 20, 21 AND 22 AREAS .41 3.14 SPECIFIC OCCUPANCIES .42 3.15 TRACE HEATING 45 SECTION 4 INSPECTION AND TESTING INCLUDING COMMISSIONING 4.1 GENERAL.46 4.2 DOCUMENTATION .46 4.3 INSPECTION 46 4.4 ITEMS REQUIR
32、ING INSPECTION .50 4.5 TESTING.50 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDED5 AS/NZS 2381.1:1999 Page SECTION 5 MAINTENANCE 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION51 5.2 REMEDIAL MEASURES AND MODIFICATIONS TO EQUIPMENT.51 5.3 MAINTENANCE OF FLEXIBLE CABLES51 5.4 W
33、ITHDRAWAL FROM SERVICE.51 5.5 FASTENINGS AND TOOLS 51 5.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.51 5.7 EARTHING AND EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING .52 5.8 CONDITIONS OF USE .52 5.9 MOVABLE EQUIPMENT AND ITS CONNECTIONS52 5.10 OVERHAUL AND REPAIR52 APPENDICES A LIST OF ADDITIONAL STANDARDS RECOGNIZED BY REGULATORY AUTHORI
34、TIES IN NEW ZEALAND .53 B EUROPEAN CERTIFICATION BODIES WHO CAN ISSUE ELECTRICAL SAFETY CERTIFICATION ON ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES, UNDER EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE 94/9/CE.54 C FRICTIONAL SPARKING RISKS WITH LIGHT METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS57 D LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUME
35、NTS59 E ENCLOSURES WITH INTERNAL SOURCES OF RELEASE 63 F RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EQUIPMENT GROUPS AND FORMER GAS GROUPS OR CLASSES .69 G REPORT ON THE DANGER FROM HIGH-INTENSITY LIGHT SOURCES IN HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES 70 H THE NATIONAL CERTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR EXPLOSION-PROTECTED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT (
36、TERMED Ex EQUIPMENT)78 I PROPERTIES OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPOURS AND GASES82 J CALCULATION OF THE EXPLOSIVE LIMITS FOR A MIXTURE OF GASES.88 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDEDAS/NZS 2381.1:1999 6 FOREWORD Many gases, vapours and dusts w
37、hich are generated, processed, handled and stored, are combustible. When ignited they can burn rapidly and with considerable explosive force if mixed with air in the appropriate proportions. It is often necessary to use electrical equipment in locations where such combustible materials are present,
38、and suitable precautions must therefore be taken to ensure that all such equipment is adequately protected so as to reduce the likelihood of ignition of the external explosive atmosphere. In electrical equipment, potential ignition sources include electrical arcs and sparks, hot surfaces, and fricti
39、onal sparks. Areas where gases and vapours, dusts, flyings and fibres occur in dangerous quantities are classified as hazardous. Generally, electrical safety is ensured by the implementation of one of two considerations, i.e. that electrical equipment be located where reasonably practicable outside
40、hazardous areas and that electrical equipment be designed, installed and maintained in accordance with measures recommended for the area in which the equipment is located. Several techniques are available for the explosion-protection of electrical equipment in hazardous areas. This Standard describe
41、s the safety features of these types of explosion-protection techniques and specifies the installation and maintenance procedures to be adopted. It is most important that the correct selection, installation and maintenance procedures be followed to ensure the safe use of electrical equipment in haza
42、rdous areas. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 14 Feb 2006 AVAILABLE SUPERSEDED7 AS/NZS 2381.1:1999 COPYRIGHT STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Electrical equipment for explosive atmospheresSelection, installation and maintenance
43、 Part 1: General requirements SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies general requirements, additional to those required for basic electrical safety, for the selection of electrical equipment and instruments, and associated equipment, and for the electrical equipments installat
44、ion and maintenance to ensure safe use in hazardous areas where flammable materials are generated, prepared, processed, handled, stored or otherwise used. This Standard does not apply to those materials which are specifically manufactured as explosives, or to materials which are inherently explosive
45、 or pyrophoric. Explosive materials may require special considerations which are beyond the scope of this Standard. The requirements of this Standard apply only to the use of electrical equipment under normal or near normal atmospheric conditions. For other conditions, additional precautions may be
46、necessary. For example, most flammable materials and many materials which are normally regarded as non-flammable might burn vigorously under conditions of oxygen enrichment. Other precautions might also be necessary in the use of electrical equipment under conditions of extreme temperature and press
47、ure. Such precautions are beyond the scope of this Standard. Precautions which may be necessary against the effects of static electricity and against lightning are also outside the scope of this Standard, except for the general recommendations indicated in Clause 1.9. 1.2 APPLICATION The requirement
48、s specified in this Standard are supplementary to and not alternative to any requirements given in AS/NZS 3000. Any alterations or modifications to AS/NZS 3000 in this document are specifically stated. Installation of electrical equipment for explosive atmospheres shall comply with the requirements
49、of this Standard and any additional requirements contained in other relevant parts of the AS 2381 series and AS/NZS 61241 series. However, the requirements of this Standard may be varied by other relevant parts of the AS 2381 series and AS/NZS 61241 series for the types of protection concerned, in which case the requirements of other parts shall take precedence over this Standard. Notwithstanding application of the installation requirements of this Standard to new installations, the requirements for inspection shall be applied to all ele
