1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDOverhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)ASME B30.17-2006(Revision of ASME B30.17-2003)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsIntentionally left blank ASME B30.17-2006(Revision of ASME B30.17
2、-2003)Overhead and GantryCranes (Top RunningBridge, Single Girder,Underhung Hoist)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Date of Issuance: February 12, 2007The next edition of this Standard is s
3、cheduled for publication in 2009. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are
4、 issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee
5、that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industr
6、y, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this docu
7、ment, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infring
8、ement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this
9、document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.T
10、he American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2007 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viB30 Standard Introduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 17-0 Scope, Defini
11、tions, and References 1Section 17-0.1 Scope of B30.17 . 1Section 17-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 17-0.3 References 6Chapter 17-1 General Construction and Installation 8Section 17-1.1 Markings . 8Section 17-1.2 Clearances 8Section 17-1.3 General Construction Runways and Supporting Structure . 9Section
12、17-1.4 Crane Construction . 9Section 17-1.5 Cabs Normal or Skeleton (If Provided) 9Section 17-1.6 Lubrication . 10Section 17-1.7 Service Platforms (Footwalks) . 10Section 17-1.8 Stops and Bumpers . 11Section 17-1.9 Bridge Rail Sweeps . 11Section 17-1.10 Guards for Moving Parts 11Section 17-1.11 Whee
13、l and Truck Frames 12Section 17-1.12 Brakes and Braking Means 12Section 17-1.13 Electrical Equipment 12Section 17-1.14 Hoisting Equipment 17Section 17-1.15 Warning Devices for Cranes With Power Traveling Mechanism . 17Chapter 17-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 18Section 17-2.1 Inspection 18
14、Section 17-2.2 Testing . 19Section 17-2.3 Maintenance 19Section 17-2.4 Chain and Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 20Chapter 17-3 Operation 21Section 17-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators . 21Section 17-3.2 Handling the Load . 22Section 17-3.3 Signals . 23Section 17-3.4 Misc
15、ellaneous 25Section 17-3.5 Crane Lockout/Tagout 25Figures1 Overhead Cab-Operated Crane 32 Cantilever Gantry Crane 33 Overhead Floor-Operated Crane 44 Gantry Crane . 45 Semigantry Crane . 56 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches(3-Motor Crane) 147 Recommended Arrangement of Contro
16、llers or Master Switches(4-Motor Crane) 158 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Pendant Push ButtonStation Arrangements) 16iii9 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Radio Crane ControlTransmitter Lever Arrangements) . 1610 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Single-Girder Top RunningCranes
17、. 24ivFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI) (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute).This Stan
18、dard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standardsfor Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, waspresented to the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 19
19、20to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Departm
20、ent of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project, wi
21、th the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2,1926, and the committee organ
22、ized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due
23、 to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on
24、January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included
25、 in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal a
26、uthorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficult
27、ies, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform a
28、pplication and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and
29、 by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on December 20, 2006.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland indus
30、try needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.vASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zoric
31、h, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown,
32、 A. D. Brown, Inc.M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Crane GroupT. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual Insurance/Alliance of AmericanInsurersM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti Order Depart
33、ment: 22 Law Drive, Box2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300CMAA Specification No. 74, Revised 2000, Specificationfor Top Running and Under Running Single GirderElectric Overhead Traveling Cranes Utilizing UnderRunning Trolley HoistPublisher: Crane Manufacturers Association of America,Inc., (CMAA), 8720 Re
34、d Oak Boulevard, Charlotte,NC 28217LRFD Manual of Steel Construction 2nd Edition, 2ndRevision (1998)Publisher: American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc.,(AISC), One East Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL60601-1802ASME B30.17-2006Chapter 17-1General Construction and InstallationSECTION 17-1.1: MARKINGS1
35、7-1.1.1 Rated Load Markings CraneThe rated load of the crane shall be marked on eachside of the crane bridge girder, or other componentattached to the crane bridge girder, and shall be legiblefrom the ground or floor.17-1.1.2 Rated Load Markings Hoist(a) The rated load of the hoist shall be marked o
36、n thehoist or trolley unit or its load block and shall be legiblefrom the ground or floor.(b) If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, eachhoist shall have its rated load marked on the hoist ortrolley unit or its load block and each rated load markingshall be legible from the ground or floor.(c
37、) The combined load applied to all hoists on a craneshall not exceed the rated load of the crane.17-1.1.3 Manufacturers Identification MarkingsThe crane shall be marked with manufacturers identi-fication information, on a plate or label attached to thecrane, as follows:(a) name and address of manufa
38、cturer(b) manufacturers model or serial number(c) voltage of AC or DC power supply and phase andfrequency of AC power supply17-1.1.4 Multiple Hoist Identification MarkingsIf the crane has more than one hoisting unit, eachhoist shall have an identification marking on the hoistor trolley unit or its l
39、oad block (e.g., #1 and #2, A andB, north and south, etc.) and shall be legible from theground or floor. These markings shall also appear onthe controllers used by the operator to indicate the con-trollers that operate each hoist.17-1.1.5 Warnings(a) Floor-operated and remote-operated cranes shallha
40、ve a safety label or labels affixed to the pendant stationor load block. The label or labels shall be in compliancewith ANSI/NEMA Z535.1, ANSI/NEMA Z535.3,ANSI/NEMA Z535.4, and shall include cautionary lan-guage against(1) lifting more than rated load(2) operating hoist when load is not centeredunde
41、r hoist8(3) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain or rope(4) operating damaged or malfunctioning crane(5) lifting people(6) lifting loads over people(7) operating a rope hoist with a rope that is notproperly seated in its groove(8) operating manual motions with other than man-ual p
42、ower(9) removing or obscuring safety label(b) Cab-operated and pulpit-operated cranes shallhave a safety label or labels affixed in the cab or pulpit.The label or labels shall be in compliance with ANSI/NEMA Z535.1, ANSI/NEMA Z535.3, ANSI/NEMAZ535.4, and shall include cautionary language against(1)
43、lifting more than rated load(2) operating hoist when load is not centeredunder hoist(3) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain or rope(4) operating damaged or malfunctioning crane(5) lifting people(6) lifting loads over people(7) operating a rope hoist with a rope that is notproperl
44、y seated in its groove(8) removing or obscuring safety label(c) A label shall be affixed on all electrical controlenclosures. The label shall be in compliance with ANSI/NEMA Z535.4 and shall include, but not be limited to,information such as(1) Disconnect power and lockout/tagout discon-necting mean
45、s before removing cover or servicing thisequipment.(2) Do not operate without cover in place.SECTION 17-1.2: CLEARANCES17-1.2.1 Clearance From Obstruction(a) Clearance shall be maintained between the craneand the building, as well as between parallel runningcranes and cranes operating at different e
46、levation, underall operating conditions. In the design of new cranes,all factors that influence clearance, such as wheel float,truss sag, bridge skewing, or trolley positions and con-figurations shall be considered.(b) Where passageways or walkways are provided onthe structure supporting the crane,
47、obstructions shallASME B30.17-2006not be placed so that personnel will be jeopardized bymovements of the crane.17-1.2.2 Clearance Between Parallel CranesIf the runways of two cranes are parallel and thereare no intervening walls or structures, there shall beclearance provided and maintained between
48、the twobridges.SECTION 17-1.3: GENERAL CONSTRUCTION RUNWAYS AND SUPPORTINGSTRUCTURE17-1.3.1 Foundations and Anchorage(a) Permanent concrete or masonry foundations shallrest on footings below the frost line, except in perma-frost.(b) Every outdoor crane shall be provided with securefastenings conveni
49、ent to apply and to hold the craneagainst a wind pressure of 30 lb/ft2(1 436 Pa). Parkingbrakes may be considered to provide minimum compli-ance with this rule.(c) Where wind forces are specified to be in excess of30 lb/ft2(1 436 Pa), special anchorages such as latchesor tie downs at the home position or remotely operatedrail clamps for all positions to supplement the primarybraking system shall be provided (ANSI/ASCE 7 maybe used as a reference for this condition).(d) Outdoor gantry cranes shall be provided withremotely operated rail clamps or other equivalentdevices. Pa
