1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B31.9-2011(Revision of ASME B31.9-2008)BuildingServices PipingASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright ASME Int
2、ernational Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31.9-2011(Revision of ASME B31.9-2008)BuildingServices PipingASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016
3、 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: May 31, 2011The next edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in 2014. This Code will become effective6 months after
4、the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Code.The interpretations are included with this edition.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engine
5、ers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate.
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10、of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2011 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll r
11、ights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . viiiSummary of Changes xChapter I Scope and Definitions 1900 Ge
12、neral . 1Chapter II Design. 9Part 1 Conditions and Criteria . 9901 Design Conditions 9902 Design Criteria 9Part 2 Pressure Design of Piping Components 11903 Criteria for Pressure Design of Piping Components 11904 Pressure Design of Components . 11Part 3 Selection and Limitation of Components 14905 P
13、ipe 14906 Fittings, Bends, and Intersections 15907 Valves 15908 Flanges, Blanks, Gaskets, and Bolting 15Part 4 Selection and Limitation of Joints . 15910 Piping Joints 15911 Welded Joints . 15912 Flanged Joints . 16913 Mechanical and Proprietary Joints . 16914 Threaded Joints . 16915 Flared, Flarele
14、ss, and Compression Joints 16916 Bell and Spigot Joints . 16917 Brazed and Soldered Joints 16Part 5 Expansion, Flexibility, and Support . 17919 Expansion and Flexibility 17920 Loads on Pipe-Supporting Elements . 20921 Design of Pipe-Supporting Elements . 21Part 6 Systems 25922 Design Requirements Pe
15、rtaining to Specific Piping Systems 25Chapter III Materials 26923 Materials General Requirements 26Chapter IV Component Requirements and Standard Practices 28926 Dimensions and Ratings of Components . 28Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection . 34927 Welded Fabrication of Metals 34928 Brazing
16、and Soldering of Metals . 39929 Bending 40930 Forming 40931 Heat Treatment . 40934 Fabrication of Nonmetals 40935 Assembly . 41iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Chapter VI Inspect
17、ion, Examination, and Testing 43936 Inspection and Examination . 43937 Leak Testing 44Figures900.1.2 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Drum Type Boilers 2904.2.2 Nomenclature for Miter Joints . 12921.1.3-1 Support Spans for Standard Wall Steel Pipe 22921.1.3-2 Support Spans for Copper and Thermo
18、plastic Pipe . 23927.4.3-1 Fillet Weld Size . 35927.4.3-2 Minimum Weld Size, Setback, and Depth of Insertion for Slip-On andSocket Weld Flanges 36927.4.3-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket-Welding Components Other ThanFlanges . 36927.4.5-1 Acceptable Welds for Flat Heads 37927.4.5-2 Unacceptabl
19、e Welds for Flat Heads 37927.4.6-1 Typical Weld Branch Connections . 38927.4.6-2 Typical Weld Details 38Tables902.4.3 Joint Factors, E 11904.2.1 Pipe Thickness for Bends 12917.3 Rated Internal Working Pressures of Joints Made With Copper WaterTube and Solder Joint Fittings, psig 17919.3.1 Moduli of
20、Elasticity and Thermal Expansion Coefficients . 19921.2.2 Capacities of Threaded ASTM A 36 Steel Rods . 24926.1 Component Standards and Specifications 29926.2 Standard Practices 33Mandatory AppendicesI Stress Tables 47II Allowable Pressures for Nonmetallic, Nonplastic Pressure Piping . 57III Referen
21、ce Standards . 58IV Preparation of Technical Inquiries . 61Nonmandatory AppendicesA Nonmandatory Quality System Program . 62B Seismic Design and Retrofit of Piping Systems . 63Index 67ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking p
22、ermitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThe need for a national code for pressure piping became increasingly evident from 1915 to1925. The American Standards Association (ASA) initiated the B31 Project in March 1926 to meetthat need. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) proposed
23、 the work and hasserved as sponsor since its inception.The first edition was published in 1935 as the American Tentative Standard Code for PressurePiping. To keep the Code abreast of developments in design, welding, and of new standards andspecifications, as well as of developments in service condit
24、ions, new or supplementary editionswere issued as follows:B31.1-1942 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingB31.1-1942 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingB31.1a-1944 Supplement 1B31.1b-1947 Supplement 2B31.1-1951 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingB31.1a-1953 Supplement 1 to B31.1-1
25、951B31.1-1955 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingIn 1955, a decision was made to develop and publish separate Code Sections for variousindustries. The current Sections are:B31.1 Power PipingB31.3 Process PipingB31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other LiquidsB31.
26、5 Refrigeration PipingB31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsB31.9 Building Services PipingB31.11 Slurry Transportation Piping SystemsIn 1969, ASA, renamed the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI), became theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), and the B31 Sec
27、tional Committee became theB31 Standards Committee. In 1978, ASME was granted accreditation by ANSI to organize theB31 Committee as the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, with Code Sections designated as ANSI/ASME B31.Need for a separate Building Services Section of the Code for Pressure Piping was reco
28、gnizedfor several years. This new Code Section, ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping, first issued in1982, was developed to fill that need.The Code has intentionally been written on a conservative basis in order to avoid the necessityfor complex design, fabrication, and inspection criteria. For this
29、reason, application of this Codeis expected to be simple and straightforward.Metric (SI) units have been added in parentheses after U.S. Customary units. This Code is basedon U.S. Customary Units. The 2008 edition was approved by ANSI on April 1, 2008, and designatedas ASME B31.9-2008.The 2011 editi
30、on of B31.9 contains revisions to the definitions and materials section of theStandard. Additionally, the allowable stress values have been updated to the 3.5 design margin.Following approval by the B31 Main Committee and the ASME Board on Pressure TechnologyCodes and Standards, and after public rev
31、iew, this Code Section was approved by ANSI onFebruary 11, 2011.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31 COMMITTEECode for Pressure Piping(The following is the roster of the Commi
32、ttee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSM. L. Nayyar, ChairJ. E. Meyer, Vice ChairN. Lobo, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELR. J. Appleby, ExxonMobil Development Co.C. Becht IV, Becht Engineering Company, Inc.A. E. Beyer, Fluor EnterprisesK. C. Bodenhamer, EPCO, I
33、nc.C. J. Campbell, Air LiquideJ. S. Chin, TransCanada Pipeline U.S.D. D. Christian, Victaulic Co.D. L. Coym, Worley ParsonsR. P. Deubler, Fronek Power Systems, LLCJ. A. Drake, Spectra Energy TransmissionP. D. Flenner, Flenner Engineering ServicesJ. W. Frey, Stress Engineering Services, Inc.D. R. Fri
34、kken, Becht Engineering Company, Inc.R. A. Grichuk, Fluor Corp.R. W. Haupt, ConsultantB. P. Holbrook, Babcock Power, Inc.G. A. Jolly, Vogt Valves Flowserve Corp.B31.9 BUILDING SERVICES PIPING SECTION COMMITTEED. D. Christian, Chair, Victaulic Co.J. W. Willis, Vice Chair, Page Southerland Page, LLPA.
35、 P. Maslowski, Secretary, The American Society of MechanicalEngineersM. H. Barnes, Scantec, Inc.P. A. Bourquin, ConsultantB31 FABRICATION AND EXAMINATION COMMITTEEA. P. Rangus, Chair, BechtelR. J. Horvath, Jr., Secretary, The American Society of MechanicalEngineersJ. P. Ellenberger, ConsultantR. J.
36、Ferguson, MetallurgistD. J. Fetzner, BP Exploration Alaska, Inc.P. D. Flenner, ConsultantJ. W. Frey, Stress Engineering Services, Inc.W. W. Lewis, E. I. Du PontviN. Lobo, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersW. J. Mauro, American Electric PowerJ. E. Meyer, Louis Perry it does not do away with
37、 the need for the designer or for competentengineering judgment.To the greatest possible extent, Code requirements for design are stated in terms of basic designprinciples and formulas. These are supplemented as necessary with specific requirements toassure uniform application of principles and to g
38、uide selection and application of piping elements.The Code prohibits designs and practices known to be unsafe and contains warnings wherecaution, but not prohibition, is warranted.(a) This Code Section includes(1) references to acceptable material specifications and component standards, includingdim
39、ensional requirements and pressuretemperature ratings(2) requirements for design of components and assemblies, including pipe supports(3) requirements and data for evaluation and limitation of stresses, reactions, and movementsassociated with pressure, temperature changes, and other forces(4) guidan
40、ce and limitations on the selection and application of materials, components, andjoining methods(5) requirements for the fabrication, assembly, and erection of piping(6) requirements for examination, inspection, and testing of pipingIt is intended that this Edition of Code Section B31.9 and any subs
41、equent addenda not beretroactive. Unless agreement is specifically made between contracting parties to use anotherissue, or the regulatory body having jurisdiction imposes the use of another issue, the latestedition and addenda issued at least 6 months prior to the original contract date for the fir
42、st phaseof activity covering a piping system or systems shall be the governing document for all design,materials, fabrication, erection, examination, and testing for the piping until the completion ofthe work and initial operation.Users of this Code are cautioned against making use of revisions with
43、out assurance that theyare acceptable to the proper authorities in the jurisdiction where the piping is to be installed.Code users will note that clauses in the Code are not necessarily numbered consecutively. Suchdiscontinuities result from following a common outline, insofar as practicable, for al
44、l CodeSections. In this way, corresponding material is correspondingly numbered in most Code Sections,thus facilitating reference by those who have occasion to use more than one Section.The Code is under the direction of ASME Committee B31, Code for Pressure Piping, which isorganized and operates un
45、der ASME procedures that have been accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute. The Committee is a continuing one and keeps all Code Sectionscurrent with new developments in materials, construction, and industrial practice. Addenda maybe issued periodically. New editions are published at
46、intervals of 3 to 5 years.It is the owners responsibility to select the Code Section that most nearly applies to a proposedpiping installation. Different Code Sections may apply to different parts of an installation. Factorsto be considered by the owner include: limitations of the Code Section, juri
47、sdictional requirements,and the applicability of other codes and standards. All applicable requirements of the selectedCode Section shall be met, and the owner should impose additional requirements supplementingthose of the Code in order to assure safe piping for the proposed installation.viiiCopyri
48、ght ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(b) Rules for each Code Section have been developed considering the need for applicationspecific requirements for the pressure piping involved. Applicatio
49、ns considered for each CodeSection include(1) B31.1,PowerPiping piping typically found in electric power generating stations, indus-trial and institutional plants, geothermal heating systems, and central and district heating andcooling systems(2) B31.3, Process Piping piping typically found in petroleum refineries; chemical, textile,paper, semiconduc
