1、Designation: A999/A999M 04a (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A999/A999M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers a group of general require-ments that, unless otherwise specified in an
3、individual speci-fication, shall apply to the ASTM product specifications notedbelow.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of aproduct specification and a requirement of this specification,the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflictbetween a requirement of the produc
4、t specification or arequirement of this specification and a more stringent require-ment of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.Title of Specification ASTM Desig-nation3Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A312/A312MSeamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-TemperatureSe
5、rviceA333/A333MSeamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High TemperatureServiceA335/A335MElectric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel AlloySteel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA358/A358MCarbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe forHigh-Temperature ServiceA369/A369MSeamless Austeniti
6、c Steel Pipe for Use With HighTemperature Central-Station ServiceA376/A376MWelded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosiveor High-Temperature ServiceA409/A409MWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProductsA778Seamless and Welded Ferritic/AusteniticStainless Steel PipeA790/A7
7、90MSingle- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A813/A813MCold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A814/A814MFerritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe ElectricFusion Welded with Addition of Filler MetalA928/A928MSpray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A943
8、/A943MSpray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless SteelPipeA949/A949MAustenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamlessand Welded PipeA9541.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brac
9、kets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore each system is to beused independently of the other without combining values inany way. The inch-pound units apply unless the “M” designa-tion (SI) of the product specification is specified in the order.NOTE 1The dimensionles
10、s designator NPS (nominal pipe size) isused in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”“size,” “ nominal bore,” and “nominal size.”1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method portion, Section 22, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purpor
11、t to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A312/A3
12、12M Specification for Seamless, Welded, andHeavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesA333/A333M Specification for Seamless and Welded SteelPipe for Low-Temperature ServiceA335/A335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA358/A358M Specification fo
13、r Electric-Fusion-WeldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsA369/A369M Specification for Carbon and Ferritic AlloySteel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Ser-viceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel
14、ProductsA376/A376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature Central-Station ServiceA409/A409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureServiceA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Product
15、s for Shipment1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originall
16、yapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A999/A999M04a.DOI: 10.1520/A0999_A0999M-04aR09.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA 999 in Section II of that Code.3These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specificatio
17、ns. SeeAnnual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright AS
18、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA778 Specification for Welded, Unannealed AusteniticStainless Steel Tubular ProductsA790/A790M Specification for
19、 Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA813/A813M Specification for Single- or Double-WeldedAustenitic Stainless Steel PipeA814/A814M Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel PipeA928/A928M Specification for Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex)Stainless Steel Pip
20、e Electric Fusion Welded with Additionof Filler MetalA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA943/A943M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessAustenitic Stainless Steel PipesA949/A949M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessFerritic/Austenitic Stainless
21、Steel PipeA954 Specification for Austenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamless and Welded Pipe5A994 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of ProductSpecifications for Steel, Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloysD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits
22、 in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zoneof Welded Pipe and TubingE309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE426 P
23、ractice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-itic Stainless Steel and Similar AlloysE570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-netic Steel Tubular Products2.2 ANSI Standards:B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe6B36.19 St
24、ainless Steel Pipe62.3 Military Standards:MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage7MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements forMetals7MIL-STD-792 Identification Marking Requirements forSpecial Purpose Equipment72.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Id
25、entification Marking of Ironand Steel Products72.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Com-mercial Blast Cleaning82.6 ASNT Standards:SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing93. Materials and
26、 Manufacture3.1 The steel shall be made by a suitable steelmakingprocess.3.2 If secondary melting, such as electroslag remelting orvacuum remelting, is used, the heat shall be defined as all of theingots remelted from a single primary heat.3.3 If steels of different grades are sequentially strand ca
27、st,the resultant transition material shall be removed using anestablished procedure that positively separates the grades.3.4 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,it shall be specified in the purchase order.4. Terminology4.1 Definitions:4.1.1 The definitions in Terminology A941,
28、 except as modi-fied in this specification or in its referenced product specifica-tions, are applicable to this specification.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary for products ordered under theapplicable product specificat
29、ion and this general requirementsspecification. Such requirements to be considered include, butare not limited to, the following:5.1.1 ASTM product specification and year-date,5.1.2 Name of product (for example, stainless steel pipe),5.1.3 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),5.1.4 Method of
30、 manufacture, where applicable (seamlessor welded),5.1.5 Specific type of melting, if required (see 3.4),5.1.6 Grade or UNS number,5.1.7 Size (NPS and outside diameter and schedule number,average (nominal) wall thickness (see 9.1 and 10.1), orminimum wall thickness (see 9.2 and 10.1.1), or minimumin
31、side diameter (see 11.1),5.1.8 Length (specific or random),5.1.9 End finish,5.1.10 Optional requirements,5.1.11 Certification (see Section 25),5.1.12 Specification designation and year of issue, and5.1.13 Special requirements or any supplementary require-ments, or both.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Che
32、mical AnalysisSamples for chemical analysis andmethod of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods,Practices, and Terminology A751.5Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.6Portions of these standards appear in ASTM Book of Standards, Vol
33、 01.01. Fulltext of these standards is available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.7Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.8Ava
34、ilable from Steel Structures Painting Council, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh,PA 15213.9Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A999/A999M 04a (2009)26.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of ste
35、el shallbe made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentagesof the specified elements. If secondary melting processes areemployed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from oneremelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of eachprimary melt. The chemical composition thus determined,
36、orthat determined from a product analysis made by the tubularproduct manufacturer shall conform to the requirements speci-fied.6.2.1 For steels ordered under product specifications refer-encing this specification of general requirements, the steel shallnot contain an unspecified element, other than
37、nitrogen forstainless steels, for the ordered grade to the extent that the steelconforms to the requirements of another grade for which thatelement is a specified element having a required minimumcontent. For this requirement, a grade is defined as an alloydescribed individually and identified by it
38、s own UNS designa-tion in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-tion listed within the scope as being covered by this specifi-cation.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis requirements andoptions, if any, shall be as contained in the applicable productspecification.7. Mechanical Proper
39、ties7.1 Method of Mechanical TestsThe specimens and me-chanical tests required shall be in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A370, especially Annex A2 thereof.7.2 Specimens shall be tested at room temperature.7.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test Meth-ods and Definitions A370
40、 may be used only when there isinsufficient material to prepare one of the standard specimens.When using small or subsize specimens, the largest onepossible shall be used.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties in the applicable product speci
41、fication.8.2 The yield strength, if specified, shall be determinedcorresponding to a permanent offset of 0.2 % of the gage lengthor to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gage length under load.8.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen isless than that specified and any part of the frac
42、ture is more than34 in. 19.0 mm from the center of the gage length, asindicated by scribe marks on the specimen before testing, aretest shall be allowed.9. Permissible Variation in Mass for Seamless Pipe9.1 Except as allowed by 9.2, the mass of any length ofseamless pipe in sizes NPS 12 and smaller
43、shall not vary morethan 10 % over or more than 3.5 % under that specified. Forpipe in sizes larger than NPS 12, the mass of any length of pipeshall not vary more than 10 % over or more than 5 % under thatspecified. Unless otherwise specified, the mass of lengths ofpipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller sha
44、ll be determined separatelyor in convenient lots; the mass of lengths of pipe in sizes largerthan NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.2 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, the mass ofany length of seamless pipe shall not vary more than
45、16 % overthat calculated in accordance with 14.3. Unless otherwisespecified, the mass of pipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall bedetermined separately or in convenient lots; the mass of pipe insizes larger than NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.3 The specified mass of pipe shall be determined b
46、ymultiplying its specified or calculated mass per unit length (see14.3) by its measured length.10. Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness10.1 Seamless and WeldedExcept as required by 10.1.1,the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than12.5 % under the nominal wall thickness specif
47、ied. The mini-mum wall thickness on inspection is shown in Table X1.1.10.1.1 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, there shall beno variation under the specified wall thickness.10.2 Forged and BoredThe wall thickness shall not varyover that
48、specified by more than18 in. 3.2 mm. There shall beno variation under the specified wall thickness.10.3 CastThe wall thickness shall not vary over thatspecified by more than116 in. 1.6 mm. There shall be novariation under the specified wall thickness.11. Permissible Variations in Inside Diameter11.1
49、 Forged and Bored, and CastThe inside diametershall not vary under that specified by more than116 in. 1.6mm. There shall be no variation over the specified insidediameter.12. Permissible Variation in Outside Diameter12.1 Variations in outside diameter, unless otherwise agreedupon, shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1. Thetolerances for outside diameter include ovality, except asprovided for in 12.2 and 12.2.1. (See Note 2.)12.2 For thin-wall pipe, defined as pipe having a wallthickness of 3 % or less of the specified outside diameter, thediameter tol
