1、Designation: A999/A999M 11Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A999/A999M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers a group of general require-ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individual speci-f
3、ication, shall apply to the ASTM product specifications notedbelow.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of aproduct specification and a requirement of this specification,the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflictbetween a requirement of the product specification or
4、 arequirement of this specification and a more stringent require-ment of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.Title of Specification ASTM Desig-nation3Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A312/A312MSeamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-TemperatureServiceA333/A333MSea
5、mless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High TemperatureServiceA335/A335MElectric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel AlloySteel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA358/A358MCarbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe forHigh-Temperature ServiceA369/A369MSeamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for U
6、se With HighTemperature Central-Station ServiceA376/A376MWelded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosiveor High-Temperature ServiceA409/A409MWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProductsA778Seamless and Welded Ferritic/AusteniticStainless Steel PipeA790/A790MSingle- or Doub
7、le-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A813/A813MCold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A814/A814MFerritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe ElectricFusion Welded with Addition of Filler MetalA928/A928MSpray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A943/A943MSpray-Formed
8、 Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless SteelPipeA949/A949MAustenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamlessand Welded PipeA9541.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values s
9、tated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units apply unless the “M” designa-tion (SI) of the product specification is specified
10、 in the order.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) isused in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”“size,” “ nominal bore,” and “nominal size.”1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method portion, Section 22, of this specifi
11、cation: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced
12、Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A312/A312M Specification for Seamless, Welded, andHeavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesA333/A333M Specification for Seamless and Welded SteelPipe for Low-Temperature ServiceA335/A335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperatur
13、e ServiceA358/A358M Specification for Electric-Fusion-WeldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsA369/A369M Specification for Carbon and Ferritic AlloySteel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Ser-viceA370 Test Methods and Definit
14、ions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA376/A376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature Central-Station Service1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subco
15、mmitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A999/A999M 04a(2009)1. DOI: 10.1520/A0999_A0999M-11.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see
16、 related Specifi-cation SA 999 in Section II of that Code.3These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications. SeeAnnual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.o
17、rg. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United State
18、s.A409/A409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureServiceA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA778 Spec
19、ification for Welded, Unannealed AusteniticStainless Steel Tubular ProductsA790/A790M Specification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA813/A813M Specification for Single- or Double-WeldedAustenitic Stainless Steel PipeA814/A814M Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Aus-t
20、enitic Stainless Steel PipeA928/A928M Specification for Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex)Stainless Steel Pipe Electric Fusion Welded with Additionof Filler MetalA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA943/A943M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessAusteniti
21、c Stainless Steel PipesA949/A949M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA954 Specification for Austenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamless and Welded Pipe5A994 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of ProductSpecifications for Steel, Stainless S
22、teel, and RelatedAlloysD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone ofWelded Pipe and TubingE3
23、09 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Auste-nitic Stainless Steel and Similar AlloysE570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-net
24、ic Steel Tubular Products2.2 ANSI Standards:B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe6B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe62.3 Military Standards:MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage7MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements forMetals7MIL-STD-792 Identification Mar
25、king Requirements forSpecial Purpose Equipment72.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Ironand Steel Products72.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Com-mercial Blast Cleaning82.6 ASNT Standards:SNT-TC-1A Recommended
26、 Practice for Personnel Qualifi-cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing93. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The steel shall be made by a suitable steelmakingprocess.3.2 If secondary melting, such as electroslag remelting orvacuum remelting, is used, the heat shall be defined as all of theingo
27、ts remelted from a single primary heat.3.3 If steels of different grades are sequentially strand cast,the resultant transition material shall be removed using anestablished procedure that positively separates the grades.3.4 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,it shall be speci
28、fied in the purchase order.4. Terminology4.1 Definitions:4.1.1 The definitions in Terminology A941, except as modi-fied in this specification or in its referenced product specifica-tions, are applicable to this specification.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to spe
29、cify allrequirements that are necessary for products ordered under theapplicable product specification and this general requirementsspecification. Such requirements to be considered include, butare not limited to, the following:5.1.1 ASTM product specification and year-date,5.1.2 Name of product (fo
30、r example, stainless steel pipe),5.1.3 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),5.1.4 Method of manufacture, where applicable (seamlessor welded),5.1.5 Specific type of melting, if required (see 3.4),5.1.6 Grade or UNS number,5.1.7 Size (NPS and outside diameter and schedule number,average (nomi
31、nal) wall thickness (see 9.1 and 10.1), orminimum wall thickness (see 9.2 and 10.1.1), or minimuminside diameter (see 11.1),5.1.8 Length (specific or random),5.1.9 End finish,5.1.10 Optional requirements,5.1.11 Certification (see Section 25),5.1.12 Specification designation and year of issue, and5.1
32、.13 Special requirements or any supplementary require-ments, or both.5Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.6Portions of these standards appear in ASTM Book of Standards, Vol 01.01. Fulltext of these standards is available from American Nationa
33、l Standards Institute(ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.7Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.8Available from Steel Structures Painting Council,
34、4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh,PA 15213.9Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A999/A999M 1126. Chemical Composition6.1 Chemical AnalysisSamples for chemical analysis andmethod of analysis shall b
35、e in accordance with Test Methods,Practices, and Terminology A751.6.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of steel shallbe made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentagesof the specified elements. If secondary melting processes areemployed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from oner
36、emelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of eachprimary melt. The chemical composition thus determined, orthat determined from a product analysis made by the tubularproduct manufacturer shall conform to the requirements speci-fied.6.2.1 For steels ordered under product specifications refer
37、-encing this specification of general requirements, the steel shallnot contain an unspecified element, other than nitrogen forstainless steels, for the ordered grade to the extent that the steelconforms to the requirements of another grade for which thatelement is a specified element having a requir
38、ed minimumcontent. For this requirement, a grade is defined as an alloydescribed individually and identified by its own UNS designa-tion in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-tion listed within the scope as being covered by this specifi-cation.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis
39、requirements andoptions, if any, shall be as contained in the applicable productspecification.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Method of Mechanical TestsThe specimens and me-chanical tests required shall be in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A370, especially Annex A2 thereof.7.2 Specimens sha
40、ll be tested at room temperature.7.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test Meth-ods and Definitions A370 may be used only when there isinsufficient material to prepare one of the standard specimens.When using small or subsize specimens, the largest onepossible shall be used.8. Tensile Requ
41、irements8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties in the applicable product specification.8.2 The yield strength, if specified, shall be determinedcorresponding to a permanent offset of 0.2 % of the gage lengthor to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gage length under
42、 load.8.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen isless than that specified and any part of the fracture is more than34 in. 19.0 mm from the center of the gage length, asindicated by scribe marks on the specimen before testing, aretest shall be allowed.9. Permissible Variation in Mass
43、for Seamless Pipe9.1 Except as allowed by 9.2, the mass of any length ofseamless pipe in sizes NPS 12 and smaller shall not vary morethan 10 % over or more than 3.5 % under that specified. Forpipe in sizes larger than NPS 12, the mass of any length of pipeshall not vary more than 10 % over or more t
44、han 5 % under thatspecified. Unless otherwise specified, the mass of lengths ofpipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall be determined separatelyor in convenient lots; the mass of lengths of pipe in sizes largerthan NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.2 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe i
45、sspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, the mass ofany length of seamless pipe shall not vary more than 16 % overthat calculated in accordance with 14.3. Unless otherwisespecified, the mass of pipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall bedetermined separately or in convenient lots; the mass of
46、pipe insizes larger than NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.3 The specified mass of pipe shall be determined bymultiplying its specified or calculated mass per unit length (see14.3) by its measured length.10. Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness10.1 Seamless and WeldedExcept as required by 1
47、0.1.1,the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than12.5 % under the nominal wall thickness specified. The mini-mum wall thickness on inspection is shown in Table X1.1.10.1.1 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, there shall
48、beno variation under the specified wall thickness.10.2 Forged and BoredThe wall thickness shall not varyover that specified by more than18 in. 3.2 mm. There shall beno variation under the specified wall thickness.10.3 CastThe wall thickness shall not vary over thatspecified by more than116 in. 1.6 m
49、m. There shall be novariation under the specified wall thickness.11. Permissible Variations in Inside Diameter11.1 Forged and Bored, and CastThe inside diametershall not vary under that specified by more than116 in. 1.6mm. There shall be no variation over the specified insidediameter.12. Permissible Variation in Outside Diameter12.1 Variations in outside diameter, unless otherwise agreedupon, shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1. Thetolerances for outside diameter include ovality, except asprovided for in 12.2 and 12.2.1. (See Note 2.)12.2 For thi
