1、Designation: A999/A999M 14Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A999/A999M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers a group of general require-ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individualspecific
3、ation, shall apply to the ASTM product specificationsnoted below.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of aproduct specification and a requirement of this specification,the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflictbetween a requirement of the product specification or a
4、requirement of this specification and a more stringent require-ment of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.Title of Specification ASTM Desig-nation3Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A312/A312MSeamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-TemperatureServiceA333/A333MSeaml
5、ess Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High TemperatureServiceA335/A335MElectric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel AlloySteel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA358/A358MCarbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe forHigh-Temperature ServiceA369/A369MSeamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for Use
6、 With HighTemperature Central-Station ServiceA376/A376MWelded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosiveor High-Temperature ServiceA409/A409MCentrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA426/A426MCentrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Servic
7、eA451/A451MCentrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel High-AlloyTubing for Pressure Application at HighTemperaturesA608/A608MWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProductsA778Seamless and Welded Ferritic/AusteniticStainless Steel PipeA790/A790MSingle- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainles
8、s Steel Pipe A813/A813MCold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A814/A814MCentrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipefor Corrosive EnvironmentsA872/A872MFerritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe ElectricFusion Welded with Addition of Filler MetalA928/A928MSpray-Form
9、ed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A943/A943MSpray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless SteelPipeA949/A949MAustenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamlessand Welded PipeA9541.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard
10、. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units apply unless t
11、he “M” designa-tion (SI) of the product specification is specified in the order.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) is usedin this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,”“nominal bore,” and “nominal size.”1.4 The following precautionary statement per
12、tains only tothe test method portion, Section 22, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the app
13、licability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A312/A312M Specification for Seamless, Welded, andHeavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesA333/A333M Specification for Seamless and Welded SteelPipe for Low-Temperature Service and OtherApplicat
14、ionswith Required Notch ToughnessA335/A335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA358/A358M Specification for Electric-Fusion-WeldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service and General Applications1This specification is u
15、nder the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition
16、 approved in 2013 as A999/A999M13.DOI: 10.1520/A0999_A0999M-14.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA 999 in Section II of that Code.3These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications. SeeAnnual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.
17、01.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this s
18、tandardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A369/A369M Specification for Carbon and Ferritic AlloySteel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Ser-viceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Pro
19、ductsA376/A376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature ServiceA409/A409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureServiceA426/A426M Specification for Centrifugally Cast FerriticAlloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Se
20、rviceA451/A451M Specification for Centrifugally Cast Auste-nitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA608/A608M Specification for Centrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel High-Alloy Tubing for Pressure Appli-cation at High TemperaturesA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for
21、 Steel Products for Shipment (Withdrawn 2014)5A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA778 Specification for Welded, Unannealed AusteniticStainless Steel Tubular ProductsA790/A790M Specification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
22、PipeA813/A813M Specification for Single- or Double-WeldedAustenitic Stainless Steel PipeA814/A814M Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel PipeA872/A872M Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environ-mentsA928/A928M Speci
23、fication for Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex)Stainless Steel Pipe Electric Fusion Welded with Additionof Filler MetalA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and FerroalloysA943/A943M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessAustenitic Stainless Steel PipesA949/A949M Specificati
24、on for Spray-Formed SeamlessFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA954 Specification for Austenitic Chromium-Nickel-SiliconAlloy Steel Seamless andWelded Pipe (Withdrawn 2005)5A994 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of ProductSpecifications for Steel, Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloysA1058 T
25、est Methods for Mechanical Testing of SteelProductsMetricD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the We
26、ld Zone ofWelded Pipe and TubingE309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tubu-lar Products Using Magnetic SaturationE426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examina-tion of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Titanium,Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar AlloysE570 Practice fo
27、r Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-netic Steel Tubular Products2.2 ANSI Standards:B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe6B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe62.3 Military Standards:MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage7MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirement
28、s forMetals7MIL-STD-792 Identification Marking Requirements forSpecial Purpose Equipment72.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Ironand Steel Products72.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Com-mercial Blast Cleanin
29、g82.6 ASNT Standards:SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing93. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The steel shall be made by a suitable steelmakingprocess.3.2 If secondary melting, such as electroslag remelting orvacuum remelting, is used, t
30、he heat shall be defined as all of theingots remelted from a single primary heat.3.3 If steels of different grades are sequentially strand cast,the resultant transition material shall be removed using anestablished procedure that positively separates the grades.3.4 If a specific type of melting is r
31、equired by the purchaser,it shall be specified in the purchase order.4. Terminology4.1 Definitions:4.1.1 The definitions in Terminology A941, except as modi-fied in this specification or in its referenced productspecifications, are applicable to this specification.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is th
32、e responsibility of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary for products ordered under the5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.6Portions of these standards appear in ASTM Book of Standards, Vol 01.01. Fulltext of these standards is a
33、vailable from American National Standards Institute(ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.7Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.8Available from Steel
34、 Structures Painting Council, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh,PA 15213.9Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A999/A999M 142applicable product specification and this general requirementsspecificati
35、on. Such requirements to be considered include, butare not limited to, the following:5.1.1 ASTM product specification and year-date,5.1.2 Name of product (for example, stainless steel pipe),5.1.3 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),5.1.4 Method of manufacture, where applicable (seamlessor w
36、elded),5.1.5 Specific type of melting, if required (see 3.4),5.1.6 Grade or UNS number,5.1.7 Size (NPS and outside diameter and schedule number,average (nominal) wall thickness (see 9.1 and 10.1), orminimum wall thickness (see 9.2 and 10.1.1), or minimuminside diameter (see 11.1),5.1.8 Length (speci
37、fic or random),5.1.9 End finish,5.1.10 Optional requirements,5.1.11 Certification (see Section 25),5.1.12 Specification designation and year of issue, and5.1.13 Special requirements or any supplementaryrequirements, or both.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Chemical AnalysisSamples for chemical analysis an
38、dmethod of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods,Practices, and Terminology A751.6.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of steel shall bemade by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages ofthe specified elements. If secondary melting processes areemployed, the heat analysis
39、shall be obtained from oneremelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of eachprimary melt. The chemical composition thus determined, orthat determined from a product analysis made by the tubularproduct manufacturer shall conform to the requirements speci-fied.6.2.1 For steels ordered under p
40、roduct specifications refer-encing this specification of general requirements, the steel shallnot contain an unspecified element, other than nitrogen forstainless steels, for the ordered grade to the extent that the steelconforms to the requirements of another grade for which thatelement is a specif
41、ied element having a required minimumcontent. For this requirement, a grade is defined as an alloydescribed individually and identified by its own UNS designa-tion in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-tion listed within the scope as being covered by this specifi-cation.6.3 Produc
42、t AnalysisProduct analysis requirements andoptions, if any, shall be as contained in the applicable productspecification.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Method of Mechanical TestsThe specimens and me-chanical tests required shall be in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A370, especially Annex A
43、2 thereof,or Test Methods A1058.7.1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the orderingrequirements, Test Methods A1058 shall apply when the metricversion of the product specification is specified.7.2 Specimens shall be tested at room temperature.7.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test Meth-ods
44、 and Definitions A370 or Test Methods A1058 may be usedonly when there is insufficient material to prepare one of thestandard specimens. When using small or subsize specimens,the largest one possible shall be used.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile
45、 properties in the applicable product specification.8.2 The yield strength, if specified, shall be determinedcorresponding to a permanent offset of 0.2 % of the gaugelength or to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gauge length underload.8.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen isless
46、than that specified and any part of the fracture is more than34 in. 19.0 mm from the center of the gauge length, asindicated by scribe marks on the specimen before testing, aretest shall be allowed.9. Permissible Variation in Mass for Seamless Pipe9.1 Except as allowed by 9.2, the mass of any length
47、 ofseamless pipe in sizes NPS 12 and smaller shall not vary morethan 10 % over or more than 3.5 % under that specified. Forpipe in sizes larger than NPS 12, the mass of any length of pipeshall not vary more than 10 % over or more than 5 % under thatspecified. Unless otherwise specified, the mass of
48、lengths ofpipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall be determined separatelyor in convenient lots; the mass of lengths of pipe in sizes largerthan NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.2 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, the mass ofany leng
49、th of seamless pipe shall not vary more than 16 % overthat calculated in accordance with 14.3. Unless otherwisespecified, the mass of pipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall bedetermined separately or in convenient lots; the mass of pipe insizes larger than NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.3 The specified mass of pipe shall be determined bymultiplying its specified or calculated mass per unit length (see14.3) by its measured length.10. Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness10.1 Seamless and WeldedExcept as required by 10.1.1,the minimum wall thickness at any poin
