1、Designation: B528 12B528 16Standard Test Method forTransverse Rupture Strength of Powder Metallurgy (PM)Specimens1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B528; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers determination of the transverse rupture strength of sintered, including post-treated, powder
3、metallurgy test specimens by subjecting them to a uniformly increasing transverse force under controlled conditions. The term“transverse rupture strength” as used herein, defines the stress, calculated from the flexure formula required to break a specimenas a simple beam supported near the ends and
4、applying the force midway between the fixed line center of the supports.1.2 Limitations The transverse rupture test is only applicable to relatively brittle materials. In cases where a ductile specimenis being tested and the permanent deflection as a result of testing exceeds 0.0200.02 in. (0.50(0.5
5、 mm), the test results may bequestionable.1.3 Test Method B406 should be consulted for determining the transverse rupture strength of cemented carbides.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units th
6、at are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
7、applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB312 Test Method for Green Strength of Specimens Compacted from Metal PowdersB406 Test Method for Transverse Rupture Strength of Cemented CarbidesB528 Test Method for T
8、ransverse Rupture Strength of Powder Metallurgy (PM) SpecimensB925 Practices for Production and Preparation of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Test SpecimensE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms i
9、n this test method, see Terminology B243.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is used to measure the strength of sintered, including post-treated, specimens. Transverse rupture strengthis not a design value. For many sintered materials, transverse rupture strength is approximately twice the u
10、ltimate tensile strength.5. Apparatus5.1 Micrometer, capable of measuring with a resolution of 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm).5.2 Transverse Rupture Strength Fixture, as shown in Fig. 1.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the di
11、rect responsibility of SubcommitteeB09.05 on Structural Parts.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2012October 2016. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20102012as B528 10.B528 12. DOI: 10.1520/B0528-12.10.1520/B0528-16.2 For referencedASTM
12、 standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
13、 an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as pub
14、lished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 Compression Testing Machine, readable to within 0.1 % of ful
15、l scale reading. Use the lowest testing range that can providea measurable result.6. Test Specimen6.1 The thin test specimen shall have the shape and dimensions shown in the figure titled PM Transverse Rupture Strength TestSpecimen of Practices B925.7. Procedure7.1 Prepare test specimens by pressing
16、 and sintering using tooling shown in the figure titled Transverse Rupture Test Specimen,Typical Laboratory Tooling of Practices B925, or machine from finished parts. Measure the width and thickness of the specimensto the nearest 0.001 in. (0.02 mm) with a micrometer.7.2 Locate the specimen in the t
17、ransverse rupture test fixture perpendicular to the supporting rods. Apply compressive forceparallel to the pressing direction of the specimen at a no-load crosshead speed of not greater than 0.2 in. (5.0 mm)/minin./min (5mm/min) until rupture occurs. Record the load at which the specimen breaks (fo
18、rce required to rupture specimen, P).8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the transverse rupture strength of the specimen as follows:TRS533P 3L!/23t23w! (1)TRS533P 3L!/23T23W! (1)NOTE 1This fixture is used in Test Method B312.FIG. 1 Transverse Rupture Test FixtureB528 162where:TRS = transverse rupture streng
19、th of the specimen, psi (MPa),P = force required to rupture the specimen, lbf (N),L = the distance between the centers of the supporting rods, 1.000 in. (25.4 mm),w = width of the specimen, in. (mm), andW = width of the specimen, in. (mm), andt = thickness of specimen, in. (mm).T = thickness of spec
20、imen, in. (mm).9. Report9.1 Report the transverse rupture strength in pounds-force per square inch (megapascals) as the average of at least three (3) teststo the nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa). When reporting the results, state the following supplementary data to clarify the results:9.1.1 Identification
21、of the material being tested, that is, composition, density, state of heat treatment, and compacted or machinedspecimen.10. Precision and Bias310.1 The repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) measurements were determined (1995) according to Practice E691 and arelisted in Table 1 for six materials
22、and a range of transverse rupture strength values. On the basis of test error alone, the differencein absolute value of two test results obtained in the same laboratory will be expected to exceed (r) only 5 % of the time. If sucha difference is found to be larger than (r), there is reason to questio
23、n one or both results. Similarly, the difference in two test resultsobtained in different laboratories will be expected to exceed (R) only 5 % of the time. If the difference is found to be larger than(R), there is reason to question one or both measurements.10.2 BiasNo information can be presented o
24、n the bias of the test procedure in Test Method B528 for measuring TransverseRupture Strength because no material having an accepted reference value is available.10.3 Measurement Uncertainty UncertaintyThe precision of Test Method B528 shall be considered by those performingthe test when reporting T
25、ransverse Rupture Strength results.11. Keywords11.1 flexural strength; 3 Point Bend Test; transverse rupture; transverse rupture strength; TRSSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,B528 99B528 12, that may impact the use
26、of this standard. (June(October 1, 2010)2016)(1) In 1.21.4 changed the statement on units., changed “0.020 in.” to “0.02 in.” and “0.50 mm” to “5 mm.”3 The precision for this test method was developed by the Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF) and is used herein with their permission.TABLE 1 P
27、recision of Transverse Rupture StrengthAMaterial Designations Densityg/cm3ApparentHardnessTRSpsi#Labs (r)psi(R)psiF-0005-15 6.22 37 HRB 63 000 19 4800 7900FC-0205-30 6.21 43 HRB 66 500 16 5600 11 500F-0005-25 6.91 40 HRB 71 000 12 5500 14 000FN-0208-35 6.95 77 HRB 123 500 19 6900 11 600FL-4405-40 7.
28、04 75 HRB 129 500 16 7000 13 800FC-0208-50 6.69 81 HRB 144 000 12 12 500 21 000FC-0208-65HT 6.43 31 HRC 138 500 22 15 400 28 000F-0008-65HT 6.68 35 HRC 148 500 16 22 000 31 700FLC-4608-70HT 6.69 31 HRC 174 000 14 28 800 41 500FN-0205-105HT 6.93 31 HRC 191 500 14 23 700 40 500FC-0205-90HT 7.03 41 HRC
29、 236 000 16 28 100 42 400FLN-4205-140HT 7.12 41 HRC 251 500 22 32 700 46 900FLN2-4405-160HT 7.04 38 HRC 246 000 35 21 500 31 200AThe (r) and (R) values were determined from the testing of three (3) transverserupture test specimens by each participating laboratory.B528 163(2) In 7.25.3 changed the de
30、finition of the apparatus used to break the test specimens., changed “0.2 in. (5.0 mm)/min” to “0.2in./min (0.5 mm/min).”(3) In 8.17.2 changed the recording of the breaking force from the nearest 10 lbf (50 N) to noting the load at which the specimenbreaks. The resolution with which the breaking for
31、ce needs to be measured depends on the strength of the material., changed “t”to “T” and “w” to “W” in line with B09 Form or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 164
