1、Designation: B 559 93 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forNickel-Coated, Copper-Clad Steel Wire for ElectronicApplication1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification
3、covers nickel-coated, round, copper-clad steel wire for electronic application.1.2 Nickel coatings in mass percentages of the total mass ofthe coated wire are as follows: 2, 4, 7, 10, and 27 %.Nickel-coated wire having different minimum mass percent-ages of nickel may be obtained by mutual agreement
4、 betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. For information purposes,the thickness of coating in microinches provided by thepercentages listed above is shown in Table 1.1.3 Four classes of nickel-coated, copper-clad steel wire arecovered as follows:1.3.1 Class N30HSNominal 30 % conductivity, harddra
5、wn.1.3.2 Class N30ANominal 30 % conductivity, annealed.1.3.3 Class N40HSNominal 40 % conductivity, harddrawn.1.3.4 Class N40ANominal 40 % conductivity, annealed.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only, excep
6、t for resistivity, where the SI units areto be regarded as the standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibili
7、ty of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use. (WarningConsideration should be given to toxicityand flammability when selecting solvent cleaners.)2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following docume
8、nts of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB 258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-SectionalAreas ofAWG Sizes of Solid Round
9、Wires Usedas Electrical ConductorsB 452 Specification for Copper-Clad Steel Wire for Elec-tronic ApplicationE75 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Copper-Nickeland Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys2.3 American Chemical Society:3Standard Reagents Tests2.4 NIST Standard:4NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables3
10、. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lotany amount of wire of one class and size pre-sented for acceptance at one time, such amount, however, notto exceed 10 000 lb (4500 kg) (Note 1).NOTE 1Alot should comprise material taken from a product regularlymeeting the requi
11、rements of this specification. Inspection of individuallots of less than 500 lb (230 kg) of wire cannot be justified economically.For small lots of 500 lb (230 kg) or less, the purchaser may agree to themanufacturers regular inspection of the product as a whole as evidence ofacceptability of such sm
12、all lots.3.1.2 samplea quantity of production units (coils, reels,etc.) selected at random from the lot for the purpose ofdetermining conformance of the lot to the requirements of thisspecification.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the
13、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.06 onComposite Conductors.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 559 93 (2002)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
14、ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of re
15、agents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.4Available from National Institute of Standards and Tech
16、nology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 specimena length of wire removed for test purposesfrom any individual production unit of t
17、he sample.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Quantity of each size.4.1.2 Wire size (see Section 7 and Table 1).4.1.3 Class of basis wire (see 1.3).4.1.4 Mass percentage of nickel coating (see 1.2 andTable 1).4.1.5 Pack
18、age size (see 14.2 and Section 14). Packaginginspection, if required (see 9.1.3).4.1.6 Special package marking, if required.4.1.7 Place of inspection (see 13.1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The basis material shall consist of copper-clad steel wireconforming to the product description, quality an
19、d specifica-tion requirements of Specification B 452.5.2 The nickel-coated wire shall consist of the basis wirecoated with nickel (Note 2). The quality of the nickel-coatedwire shall be such that the finished product meets the propertiesand requirements in this specification.NOTE 2Nickel on copper-c
20、lad steel wire provides a protective coatingfor a prevention of oxidation of the copper either during fabrication orservice.6. General Requirements6.1 Tensile strength and elongation of the nickel-coatedwire shall conform to the requirements of Specification B 452for the applicable size and class of
21、 copper-clad steel wire.6.2 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity at a temperature of20C shall not exceed the values prescribed in Table 2. SeeNote 3 for calculating electrical resistance.NOTE 3Relationships which may be useful in connection with thevalues of electrical resistivity prescribed in thi
22、s specification are shown inTable 3. Resistivity units158 V-mm2/m and 0.15328 V-g/m2at 20C arerespectively the international equivalent of volume and mass resistivity ofannealed copper equal to 100 % conductivity. The latter term means thata copper wire1minlength and weighing 1 g would have a resist
23、ance of0.15328 V. This is equivalent to a resistivity value of 875.20 Vlb/mile2,which signifies the resistance of a copper wire 1 mile in length weighing1 lb. The volume resistivity is equivalent, for example, to 1.7241 V cmof length of a copper bar 1 cm2in cross section. A complete discussion ofthi
24、s subject is contained in NBS Handbook 100. The use of five significantfigures in expressing resistivity does not imply the need for a greateraccuracy of measurement than that specified in Test Method B 193. Theuse of five significant figures is required for complete reversible conver-sion from one
25、set of resistivity units to another.TABLE 1 Nickel Mass Percent and Thickness of CoatingDiameter Cross-Sectional Area at 20CThickness of Nickel, in.(for information only)in. mm cmil in.2mm22.0 % 4.0 % 7.0 % 10.0 % 27.0 %0.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 334 637 1 181 1 703 4 8920.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00
26、323 2.08 298 566 1 050 1 514 4 3490.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 266 505 936 1 350 3 8800.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 236 450 833 1 200 3 4520.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 211 401 743 1 071 3 0770.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 202 357 661 953 2 7380.0359 0.912 1 290 0.00101 0.653 167 318 589 84
27、9 2 4390.0320 0.813 1 020 0.000804 0.519 149 283 525 757 2 1740.0285 0.724 812 0.000638 0.412 133 252 467 686 1 9370.0253 0.643 640 0.000503 0.324 118 224 415 598 1 7190.0226 0.574 511 0.000401 0.259 105 200 371 535 1 5360.0201 0.511 404 0.000317 0.205 94 178 330 475 1 3660.0179 0.455 320 0.000252 0
28、.162 83 158 294 423 1 2160.0159 0.404 253 0.000199 0.128 74 141 261 376 1 0800.0142 0.361 202 0.000158 0.102 66 126 233 336 9650.0126 0.320 159 0.000125 0.0804 59 112 207 298 8560.0113 0.287 128 0.000100 0.0647 53 100 185 267 7680.0100 0.254 100 0.0000785 0.0507 47 89 164 237 6800.0089 0.226 79.2 0.
29、0000622 0.0401 41 80 146 211 6050.0080 0.203 64.0 0.0000503 0.0324 . 71 131 189 5440.0071 0.180 50.4 0.0000396 0.0255 . 63 116 168 4820.0063 0.160 39.7 0.0000312 0.0201 . 56 103 149 4280.0056 0.142 31.4 0.0000246 0.0159 . 50 92 132 3810.0050 0.127 25.0 0.0000196 0.0127 . 44 82 118 3400.0045 0.114 20
30、.2 0.0000159 0.0103 . 40 74 106 3060.0040 0.102 16.0 0.0000126 0.00811 . . 66 95 2720.0035 0.089 12.2 0.00000962 0.00621 . . 57 83 2380.0031 0.079 9.61 0.00000755 0.00487 . . 51 73 211TABLE 2 ResistivityResistivity, max at 20CClass of Wire NickelMass %V-mm2/mN30A and N30HS 2 0.05906 (0.059062)4 0.05
31、951 (0.059513)7 0.06021 (0.060210)10 0.06093 (0.060926)27 0.06543 (0.065433)N40A and N40HS 2 0.04442 (0.044418)4 0.04490 (0.044902)7 0.04561 (0.045614)10 0.04636 (0.046362)27 0.05122 (0.051216)B 559 93 (2007)26.3 Continuity of CoatingThe nickel coating shall becontinuous. The continuity of the coati
32、ng shall be determinedon representative samples taken before stranding or insulatingand shall be determined by the sodium polysulfide test, inaccordance with 10.2. Wire whose coating weight correspondsto a thickness less than 50 in. (0.00005 in.) (1.3 m) shall notbe subject to this test.6.4 Adherenc
33、e of CoatingThe nickel coating shall befirmly adhered to the surface of the copper-clad steel wire. Theadherence of coating on the wire shall be determined onrepresentative samples taken before stranding or insulating.The adherence of coating shall be determined by the wrapping,and immersion test in
34、 accordance with 10.3.6.5 Mass of CoatingThe mass of nickel coating expressedin percent of the total mass of the wire shall be not less than thepercentage specified and referred to in this specification or thepercentage as agreed on between the manufacturer and pur-chaser at the time of the placing
35、of the order. For ease ofcomparison, the thickness of coating for various percentageshas been included in Table 1.6.6 JointsNecessary joints in the wire and rods prior tofinal coating and drawing shall be made in accordance withgood commercial practice.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
36、7.1 The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diameter of thewire in decimal fractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in.(0.003 mm) (Note 4). For diameters under 0.0100 in. (0.254mm), the wire shall not vary from the specified diameter bymore than + 0.0003 in. (0.009 mm) and 0.0001 in. (0.003mm) an
37、d for diameters of 0.0100 in. (0.254 mm) and over, thewire shall not vary from the specified diameter by morethan+3% and1%, expressed to the nearest 0.0001 in.(0.003 mm).NOTE 4The values of the wire diameters in Table 1 are given to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.003 mm) and correspond to the standard siz
38、es givenin Specification B 258. The use of gage numbers to specify wire sizes isnot recognized in this specification because of the possibility of confusion.An excellent discussion of wire gages and related subjects is contained inNBS Handbook 100.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The nickel
39、 coating shall consist of a smooth, continuouslayer, firmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The wireshall be bright and free from all imperfections not consistentwith good commercial practice.8.2 The finish of the samples taken in accordance with Table4 shall conform to the requirements of 8.
40、1. The number of unitsin the sample showing surface defects not consistent withcommercial practice shall not exceed the allowable defectnumber c in Table 4. Failure to meet this requirement shallconstitute failure to meet the finish conformance criterion.9. Sampling9.1 The number of production units
41、 in a sample (Note 5)shall be as follows:NOTE 5Cumulative results secured on the product of a single manu-facturer, indicating continued conformance to the criteria, are necessary toensure an over-all product meeting the requirements of this specification.The sample size and conformance criteria giv
42、en for the various charac-teristics are applicable only to lots produced under these conditions.9.1.1 For tensile strength, elongation, resistivity, mass ofcoating and adhesion and other defects, the sample shallconsist of four production units. For surface finish the samplingshall be in accordance
43、with Table 4. From each unit, one testspecimen of sufficient length shall be removed for the perfor-mance of required tests.TABLE 3 Equivalent Resistivity ValuesClassNickelMass%VolumeConduc-tivity at 20C% IACSResistivity Equivalents at 20CVolume MassVmm2/m Vcmil/ft Vin. VcmVlb/mile2Vg/m2N40A andN40H
44、S2 38.814 0.044418 26.72 1.7489 4.4418 2067.2 0.362024 38.379 0.044902 27.01 1.7679 4.4902 2089.7 0.365967 37.795 0.045614 27.44 1.7960 4.5614 2122.8 0.3717610 37.185 0.046362 27.89 1.8254 4.6362 2157.6 0.3778627 33.661 0.051216 30.81 2.0165 5.1216 2383.5 0.41742N30A andN30HS2 29.190 0.059062 35.53
45、2.3253 5.9062 2748.5 0.481354 28.969 0.059513 35.80 2.3431 5.9513 2769.5 0.485037 28.633 0.060210 36.22 2.3706 6.0210 2802.0 0.4907110 28.297 0.060926 36.65 2.3987 6.0926 2835.3 0.4965427 26.349 0.065433 39.36 2.5762 6.5433 3045.0 0.53328TABLE 4 Sampling for Surface Finish and Packaging InspectionNu
46、mber of Unitsin LotNumber ofUnits inSample, nAllowableNumber ofDefectiveUnits, c1 to 30, incl all 031 to 50, incl 30 051 to 100, incl 37 0101 to 200, incl 40 0201 to 300, incl 70 1301 to 500, incl 100 2501 to 800, incl 130 3Over 800 155 4B 559 93 (2007)39.1.2 For dimensional measurements, the sample
47、 shall con-sist of a quantity of production units shown in Table 5 underheading“ First Sample.”9.1.3 For packaging inspection (when specified by thepurchaser at the time of placing the order), the sample shallconsist of a quantity of production units as shown in Table 4.10. Test Methods10.1 Tensile
48、PropertiesFor tensile strength, elongation,resistivity, dimensional measurement, and the quality of thebasis wire, the latest issue of Specification B 452 shall applyand the tests shall be performed on the nickel-coated wire(Note 6).NOTE 6It is known that the rate of loading during tension testingaf
49、fects the performance of the sample to a greater or lesser extentdepending upon many factors. In general, tested values of tensile strengthare increased and tested values of elongation are reduced with increase ofspeed of the moving head of the testing machine. In the case of tests onsoft or annealed wire, however, the effects of speed of testing are notpronounced. Tests of soft wire made at speeds of moving head whichunder no-load conditions are not greater than 12 in./min (300 mm/min) donot alter the final results of tensile strength
