1、Designation: B811 02 (Reapproved 2007)B811 13Standard Specification forWrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless Tubes for NuclearReactor Fuel Cladding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers seamless wrought zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear fuel claddi
3、ng application, in the outsidediameter (OD) size range of 0.200 in. (5.1 mm) to 0.650 in. (16.5 mm) and wall thickness range of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) to 0.035in. (0.89 mm).1.2 Two grades of reactor grade zirconium alloys are described.1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the two grades are giv
4、en in Table 1.1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass gain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system mustbe used independently of the o
5、ther. SI values cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of
6、 this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B350/B350M Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Ingots for Nuclear ApplicationB353 Specification for Wrought
7、 Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service (ExceptNuclear Fuel Cladding)E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials Metric (Withdrawn 2008)3E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Test
8、s of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeG2/G2M Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of Zirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680F 360Cor in Steam
9、at 750F 400C2.2 Other Document:ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness) 43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 dimensions, ntube dimensions are outside diameter, inside diameter, and wall thickness. Only two of these parametersmay be specified in addition to le
10、ngth, except minimum wall may be specified with outside and inside diameter. In each case,ovality and wall thickness variation (WTV) may be specified as additional requirements.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is th
11、e direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved May 1, 2007May 1, 2013. Published May 2007May 2013. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 asB811 02.B811 02 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/B0811-02R07.10.1520/B0811-13.2 For refere
12、ncedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
13、www.astm.org.4 Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http:/www.steel.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to t
14、he previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright
15、ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.2 hydride orientation fraction, Fn, nthe ratio of hydride platelets oriented in the radial direction to the total hydrideplatelets in the field examined.3.1.3 lot size, na lot shall consist of
16、 all tubes of the same size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingot bythe same reduction schedule and heat treatment. The final heat treatment shall be in a single furnace charge.3.1.4 mill finish tubes, ntubes that have received all finishing operations subsequent to final anneal
17、, which potentially affectstube mechanical, dimensional, or surface condition. These operations include, but are not limited to, pickling, cleaning, outer andinner surface abrasive conditioning, and straightening.3.1.5 ovality, nthe difference between the maximum and minimum diameter, either outer o
18、r inner, as determined at any onetransverse cross-section of the tube.3.1.6 wall thickness variation (WTV), nthe difference between maximum and minimum wall thickness measured at any onetransverse cross-section of the tube.NOTE 1Measurement of ovality and WTV made by a helical scan with a pitch not
19、exceeding 0.25 in. (6.5 mm) shall be considered as equivalent to“at any one cross-section of the tube.”3.2 Lot Definitions:3.2.1 castings, na lot shall consist of all castings produced from the same pour.3.2.2 ingot, nno definition required.3.2.3 rounds, flats, tubes, and wrought powder metallurgica
20、l products (single definition, common to nuclear and non-nuclearstandards) , na lot shall consist of a material of the same size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingot orpowder blend by the same reduction schedule and the same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed be
21、tweenmanufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to a single furnaceload for final batch anneal.3.2.4 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blend produced at one time.3.2.5 weld fittings, ndefinition is to be mutually agreed u
22、pon between manufacturer and the purchaser.4. Ordering Information4.1 Purchase orders for tubes covered in this specification shall include the following information to describe adequately thedesired material:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Grade (see Table 1),4.1.3 Condition (recrystallization annealed or str
23、ess relief annealed),4.1.4 Tube dimensions and tolerance,4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.6 Surface texture on (roughness) the inside and outside surfaces (Ra (micro-inches or micrometers),4.1.7 Surface condition on the inside diameter (ID) and outside diameter (OD) surfaces (as pickled,
24、 blasted, abraded, etc.),4.1.8 Sample test conditions (if other than mill finish condition) and standards for corrosion test (see Section 8.2),4.1.9 General test requirements and test plan for lots (see Section 10),4.1.10 Number of tests and resampling plan and requirements (see Section 11), and4.1.
25、11 Certification of test (see Section 16).NOTE 2A typical order description may read as follows: 1500 pieces of seamless zirconium-alloy fuel clad tubes OD abraded and ID pickled, GradeR60804, recrystallization annealed 0.650 in. nominal OD by 0.580 in. nominal ID by 0.032 in. minimum wall by 10 ft
26、long with a maximum OD ovalityof 0.004 in. and maximum WTV of 0.005 in. in accordance with B811 XX. Maximum surface finish to be 50 in. Ra OD and 50 in. Ra ID.4.2 In addition to the information in 4.1, the following points of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser should bespecified in the
27、 purchase order as required:4.2.1 Method of determining yield strength if other than 0.2 % offset method (see Section 7),4.2.2 Initial gage length of mechanical test samples for determining elongation after rupture if other than 2 in. (50 mm),4.2.3 Mechanical property requirements for tube other tha
28、n fully recrystallization annealed (see Section 7),4.2.4 Location of the inside diameter plugs in elevated temperature short-time tension test, when specified (see Section 7.1.3),4.2.5 Specimen temperature(s) during mechanical testing if other than room temperature and properties and test requiremen
29、ts(see Section 7), andTABLE 1 ASTM and UNS Number Designation for Reactor GradeZirconium AlloysGrade UNS NumberZirconium-tin alloy R60802Zirconium-tin alloy R60804B811 1324.2.6 Grain size requirements and specimen heat treatment method for stress relief annealed tubes (see Section 8.1),4.2.7 Hydride
30、 orientation specimen heat treatment, if required, evaluation method, and magnification of photomicrograph (seeAnnex A2),4.2.8 For hydride orientation, angle theta () for determining radial platelets (see Section 8.3 and Annex A2).4.2.9 Burst property acceptance requirements, when specified (see Sec
31、tion 8.4),4.2.10 Use of mandrel and post burst test measurement technique (see Annex A1).4.2.11 Contractile strain ratio acceptance criteria, when specified (see Section 7.3 and Annex A4).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 TubesMaterials covered by this specification shall be made from ingots produced
32、by multiple vacuum arcproduced inaccordance with Specification B350/B350Mor electron beam melting in furnaces of a type conventionally ; all processes to be donein furnaces usually used for reactive materials. metals.5.2 Tubes shall be made by a process approved by the purchaser.6. Chemical Composit
33、ion6.1 The tubes shall conform to the requirements for chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.6.2 Chemical Analysis:6.2.1 The ingot analysis made analysis of the material produced to this specification shall be the one made by the manufactureron the ingot in accordance with Specification B350/B3
34、50M shall be considered the chemical analysis for tubes produced to thisspecification except for oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen content, which shall be determined on the mill finished tube.Alternatively,an . This analysis can be performed by the manufacturer on the ingot itself, or on intermediate o
35、r final size product may be sampledduring processing products with the same frequency and in the same positions relative to the ingot as specifiedrequired inSpecification B350/B350M to determine the composition, except for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which . The chemicalanalysis of hydrogen, oxy
36、gen and nitrogen shall be determined on the mill finished tube.product.6.2.2 Analysis shall be made using the manufacturers standard methods. In the event of disagreement as to the chemicalcomposition of the metal, the composition, for referee purposes, shall be determined by a mutually acceptable l
37、aboratory.6.2.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis is a check analysis made by the purchaser for the purpose of verifying the compositionof the lot. The permissible variation in the product analysis from the specification range is as listed in Table 3.TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsElement UNS NumberR60
38、802 UNS NumberR60804Composition, Weight %:Tin 1.20 to 1.70 1.20 to 1.70Iron 0.07 to 0.20 0.18 to 0.24Chromium 0.05 to 0.15 0.07 to 0.13Nickel 0.03 to 0.08 . . .Oxygen 0.09 to 0.16 0.09 to 0.16Iron plus chromium plus 0.18 to 0.38 . . .NickelIron plus chromium . . . 0.28 to 0.37Maximum Impurities, Wei
39、ght %:Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075Boron 0.00005 0.00005Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005Calcium 0.0030 0.0030Carbon 0.027 0.027Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020Copper 0.0050 0.0050Hafnium 0.010 0.010Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020Manganese 0.0050 0.0050Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050Nickel . . . 0.0070Niobium 0.0100 0.01
40、00Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080Silicon 0.0120 0.0120Tungsten 0.0100 0.0100Titanium 0.0050 0.0050Uranium (Total) 0.00035 0.00035B811 1337. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension Properties:7.1.1 Recrystallization annealed tubes shall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties at room temperatureprescri
41、bed in Table 4. For tubes in the cold worked and stress relief annealed condition, tension property requirements are to bemutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.1.2 When so specified by the purchaser, the tension properties shall also be determined at the elevated temperat
42、ures and shallconform to the limits specified by the purchaser.7.1.3 The tension test shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods E8 or E21. Yield strength shall be determined bythe 0.2 % offset method. The tension properties shall be determined using a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in.-m
43、in (mm/mm-min)through the yield strength. After the yield strength has been exceeded, the cross head speed may be increased to approximately0.05 in./in.-min (mm/mm-min) to failure.7.2 Burst Testing:7.2.1 Burst testing, when specified, shall be performed at room temperature on finished tubing. Recrys
44、tallization annealed tubesshall conform to the requirements for burst properties at room temperature prescribed in Table 4. If burst test is specified for coldworked and stress relief annealed tubes, the acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2.2 If ele
45、vated temperature burst test is specified, the test method and acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser.NOTE 3Burst properties obtained at room temperature were the subject of a 1971 round robin conducted byASTM subcommittee B10.02.5 Variabilityin values was rel
46、atively large and should be considered in setting specific limits.7.3 Contractile Strain Ratio (CSR):7.3.1 When so specified by the purchaser, the contractile strain ratio (CSR) shall be determined at room temperature and shallconform to limits that are mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer
47、and purchaser.7.3.2 Contractile strain ratio testing shall be conducted in accordance with Annex A4.5 STP 551, “Zirconium in Nuclear Applications,” ASTM, 1974, pp. 1428.TABLE 3 Permissible Variation in Product AnalysisPermissible Variation fromthe Specification Range(Table 2), %Alloying Elements:Tin
48、 0.050Iron 0.020Chromium 0.010Nickel 0.010Iron plus chromium 0.020Iron plus chromium plus nickel 0.020Oxygen 0.020Impurity Element:Each 20 ppm or 20 %,whichever is smallerTABLE 4 Mechanical Properties of Recrystallization AnnealedTubes Tested at Room TemperatureAUNS NumbersR60802 and R60804Tension T
49、est Properties (Longitudinal Direction):Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min 35 ksi (240 MPa)Tensile Strength, min 60 ksi (415 MPa)Elongation, min %, 2 in. (50 mm) initial gage length 20Burst Test Properties:Ultimate Hoop Strength, min 72.6 ksi (500 MPa)Percent Total Circumferential Elongation (% TCE),min20A “RT” represents room temperature; Note 4 in Test Methods E8 and E8Mindicates that RT shall be considered to be 50 to 100F (10 to 38C) unlessotherwise specified. Paragraph 9.4.4 in Test Methods E21 states that for theduration of the test, t
