1、Designation: B 817 03Standard Specification forPowder Metallurgy (P/M) Titanium Alloy StructuralComponents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 817; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers powder metallurgy (P/M)structural components fabricated from commercially pure (CP)titanium powd
3、er mixed with master alloy powder and elemen-tal powders in appropriate quantity to yield combined materialchemistries comparable to ingot metallurgy (I/M) alloys Tita-nium 6A1-4V and Titanium 6A1-6V-2Sn.1.2 This specification covers the following materials:1.2.1 Two types depending on alloy composi
4、tion as detailedin Table 1.1.2.1.1 Type I is comparable to I/M Ti-6A1-4V.1.2.1.2 Type II is comparable to I/M Ti-6A1-6V-2Sn.1.2.2 Two grades of each type that result from the specifictitanium powder used are as follows:1.2.2.1 Grade 1 is made from sponge fines with residuallevels of chlorine and sod
5、ium.1.2.2.2 Grade 2 is made from hydride/dehydride (HDH) orother process titanium with significantly lower chlorine andsodium content.1.2.3 Two classes as a function of density (see Table 2) areas follows:1.2.3.1 Class A density ratio is 94 % minimum.1.2.3.2 Class B density ratio is 99 % minimum.(Wa
6、rningCP titanium powder may be pyrophoric; its usemay involve an explosion hazard.)1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, a
7、ssociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in 1.2.3.2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard
8、s:B 243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy2B 311 Test Method for Density Determination for PowderMetallurgy (P/M) Materials Containing Less Than TwoPercent Porosity2B 328 Test Methods for Density, Oil Content, and Intercon-nected Porosity of Sintered Powder Metal Structural Partsand Oil-Impregnated Be
9、arings23. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of powder metallurgy termscan be found in Terminology B 243.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.11 on Near Full Density Powd
10、er Metallurgy Materials.Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B 817 98.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition RequirementsElement Composition, Weight %Grade 1 Grade 2Type I Ty
11、pe II Type I Type IIAluminum 5.50/6.75 5.0/6.0 5.50/6.75 5.0/6.0Vanadium 3.50/4.50 5.0/6.0 3.50/4.50 5.0/6.0Tin N/AA1.5/2.5 N/AA1.5/2.5Iron 0.40 max 0.35/1.0 0.40 max 0.35/1.0Copper N/AA0.35/1.0 N/AA0.35/1.0Oxygen, max 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015Nitrogen, max 0.04 0.04 0
12、.04 0.04Carbon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Sodium, max 0.20 0.20 TBDBTBDBChlorine, max 0.20 0.20 TBDBTBDBSilicon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Residual elementseach, max0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Residual elementstotal, max0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40Titanium remainder remainder remainder remainderANot applicable.BVarious chl
13、oride levels may be available between the standard 0.20 max andthe wrought equivalent of 0.001 max. The acceptable level for specific productapplications shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier andspecified on the purchase order.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
14、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This StandardAdditional descriptive information is available in the RelatedMaterial section of Volume 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTMStandards.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for components under thi
15、s specification shallinclude the following information:4.1.1 Dimensions (see Section 9),4.1.2 Chemical composition (see Section 6 and Table 1),4.1.3 Density (see 7.1 and Table 2),4.1.4 Mechanical properties (see Section 8 and Table X1.1),and4.1.5 Certification (see Section 13).5. Materials and Manuf
16、acture5.1 Structural components shall be fabricated by cold com-pacting a mixture of CP titanium, master alloy, and otherelemental powders into suitable shapes. The compacts shall bevacuum sintered and hot isostatically pressed, if necessary, toprovide parts conforming to the requirements of this sp
17、ecifi-cation.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Chemical composition shall conform to the require-ments of Table 1.6.2 Chemical analysis shall be made in accordance withmethods prescribed in Volume 03.05 of the Annual Book ofASTM Standards, or any other standard method mutuallyagreed upon between the manufa
18、cturer and the purchaser.7. Physical Properties7.1 Density:7.1.1 Density ratio shall exceed minimum limits prescribedin Table 2. The purchaser and the producer shall mutually agreeon pore free density values.7.1.2 Density shall be determined in accordance with TestMethod B 328 for Class A materials.
19、7.1.3 Density shall be determined in accordance with TestMethod B 311 for Class B materials.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Whenever feasible tests shall be performed on materialremoved from actual components. The test requirements shallbe determined after consideration of actual component func-tion.8.2
20、 The required mechanical properties and a sampling planshall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser. All shipments of components subsequent to theestablishment of testing conditions shall conform to the agreedlimits.9. Dimensions and Tolerances9.1 Dimensions and tolerances of the s
21、tructural componentsshall be indicated on drawings accompanying the purchaseorder or contract.10. Sampling10.1 LotUnless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist ofcomponents fabricated from powder of the same mix lot;compacted, sintered (and hot isostatically pressed, if required)under the same con
22、ditions.10.2 Chemical AnalysisIf required by purchase agree-ment, at least one sample for chemical analysis shall be takenfrom each lot. A representative sample of chips may beobtained by dry-milling, drilling or crushing at least two pieceswithout lubrication using clean, dry tools.10.3 Mechanical
23、TestingIf required by purchase agree-ment, the manufacturer and purchaser shall mutually agree onthe representative number of specimens for mechanical testing,from each lot.11. Inspection11.1 Unless otherwise specified, inspection of componentssupplied on contract shall be made by the purchaser.12.
24、Rejection and Rehearing12.1 Components that fail to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection shall be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with test results, the producer or supplier maymake a claim for a rehearing.
25、13. Certification13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers certification of compliance document shall befurnished to the purchaser, verifying that the componentsmanufactured were sampled, tested and inspected in accor-dance with this specification and have met the requirement
26、s.When specified in the purchase order or contract, a report oftest results shall be furnished.13.2 Certification by an independent, third party indicatingconformance to the requirements of this specification may beconsidered upon the request of the purchaser.13.3 The purchase order or contract must
27、 specify whether ornot the certification includes a report of chemical analysis.14. Keywords14.1 compaction; cold isostatic pressing (CIP); ELCL tita-nium; HDH titanium powder; hot isostatic pressing (HIP);powder metallurgy;“sponge fines” titanium powder; structuralcomponents; Ti-6A1-4V; Ti-6A1-6V-2
28、Sn; titanium; titaniumalloys; vacuum sinterTABLE 2 Density RequirementsClass Density Ratio min, %A94B99B817032APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. MECHANICAL PROPERTY DATAX1.1 Typical data for the mechanical properties of elemen-tally mixed titanium alloy specimens are given in Table X1.1.These dat
29、a do not constitute a part of this specification. Theyindicate, to the purchaser, the mechanical properties that maybe expected from tension specimens conforming to the speci-fied density and chemical requirements.NOTE X1.1Refer to Refs. (1-10)3for supplemental material propertyinformation.REFERENCE
30、S(1) Froes, F. H. and Williams, J. C., “Titanium Alloys: Powder Metal-lurgy,” Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Engineering, Vol 7, T-ZMIT Press, 1986, pp. 50895094.(2) Titanium and Titanium Alloys Source Book, “Powder Metallurgy,”ASM, 1982, pp. 280288.(3) Metals Handbook Ninth Edition Volume 7
31、Powder Metallurgy, “Tita-nium Alloys,” ASM 1984, pp. 254, 512513, 435, 437, 468469, 449,752, 41, 44, and 394.(4) Kubel, E. J., Jr., “Titanium NNS Technology Shaping Up,” AdvancedMaterials and Processes Inc. Metal Progress, February 1987, pp.4650.(5) Abkowitz, S. and Weihrauch, P., “Trimming the Cost
32、 of MMCs,”Advanced Materials and Processes, July 1989, pp. 3134.(6) Abkowitz, S., Churrus, G. J., Fujishiro, S., Froes, F. H., and Eylon, D.,“Titanium Alloy Shapes from Elemental Blend Powder and Tensileand Fatigue Properties of Low Chloride Compositions,” ConferenceProceedings Titanium Net Shape Te
33、chnologies, The MetallurgicalSociety of AIME, Los Angeles, CA, February 1984, pp. 107120.(7) Thellmann, E. L. “Great Potential for Titanium Powder Metallurgy,”Metal Powder Report, Vol 34, No. 6, June 1980, AIME. AnnualMeeting, February 1980, pp. 260261.(8) Brosius, E. S., Malek, J. C., Peter, N. K.,
34、 and Trzcinski, M. J.,“Blended Elemental Powder Titanium for Automotive Applications,”Metal Powder Report, Vol 42, No. 11, November 1987, pp. 768773.(9) Will, R. H. and Paul, O., “Potential Titanium Airframe Applications,”Powder Metallurgy for High Performance Applications, SyracuseUniversity Press,
35、 1972, pp. 333349.(10) Hanson, A. D., Runkle, J., Widmer, R., and Hebeisen, J., “TitaniumShapes from Elemental Blends,” International Journal of PowderMetallurgy, Vol 26, No. 2, 1990, pp. 157164.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
36、with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible te
37、chnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider
38、ation at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr
39、Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(
40、www.astm.org).3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthe text.TABLE X1.1 Typical PropertiesType Grade Class0.2 % OffsetElongation in 1in. (25 mm) %Reduction inArea, %Tensile Strength Yield Strength103psi (MPa) 103psi (MPa)I 1 A 111 (765) 101 (696) 4 5I 1 B 123 (848) 108 (745) 8 14II 1 A 131 (903) 113 (779) 3 4II 1 B 139 (958) 131 (903) 6 8I 2 A 131 (903) 118 (814) 8 18I 2 B 139 (958) 125 (862) 13 29II 2 A . . . . . .II 2 B 139 (958) 128 (883) 13 13B817033
