1、Designation: C1136 16Standard Specification forFlexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1136; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers vapor ret
3、arders for thermalinsulation, specifically, flexible materials with permeance of0.10 perm or lower and surface burning characteristics of 25flame spread/50 smoke or lower. These materials are intendedfor use at surface temperatures of 20 to 150F (29 to 66C).It does not cover mastics or barrier coati
4、ngs applied in liquidform, nor materials intended for use as weather barriers.1.2 This is a material specification and does not imply thatan installed system using these materials will provide thephysical properties specified in Section 6.1.3 This specification provides physical requirements forvapo
5、r retarders. Practice C755 provides assistance in solvingproblems related to moisture vapor transmission through ther-mal insulation materials.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are pro
6、vided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion only, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
7、of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders forTh
8、ermal InsulationD774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper(Withdrawn 2010)3C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and HumidityResistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersC1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Res
9、istance ofInsulation Materials and FacingsD828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-ElongationApparatus(Withdrawn 2009)3D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic
10、 Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD3285 Test Method for Water Absorptiveness of Nonbibu-lous Paper and Paperboard (Cobb Test) (Withdrawn2010)3E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials2.2 TAPPI Standard
11、s:T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions in Terminology C168 apply toterms used in this specification.4. Classification4.1 Classification of vapor retarders, with the exception ofType IX, is based on physical properties.4.1.1 Type IX, in additio
12、n to physical propertyrequirements, has specific structural requirements.4.2 Physical property requirements are listed in Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and
13、 Moisture.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C1136 12. DOI:10.1520/C1136-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For
14、 Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Un
15、ited States15. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Vapor retarders, with the exception of Type IX, areconstructed of various films, metallic foils, fabrics, papers andreinforcements, alone or in combination as a lamination.5.2 Metallic foils, the most commonly used being aluminumof a minimum gauge, are the
16、 only materials expected toprovide the impermeable component in a vapor retarderrequired for Type IX.5.2.1 Type IX vapor retarders must contain at a minimumthe following components in the structure:5.2.2 One layer of metallic foil with a minimum thickness of0.00095 in. (24.1) or5.2.3 Multiple layers
17、 of metallic foil with a cumulativeminimum thickness of 0.0012 in. (30.5)5.2.4 A fully laminated, continuous protective substrate onat least one side of the foil layers5.3 Types VII-X vapor retarders contain water resistantouter surfaces.6. Physical Properties6.1 Maximum permeance for a specific typ
18、e vapor retardershall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordance with10.1. Values for permeance requirements are rounded to twodecimals.6.2 All vapor retarders shall demonstrate a flame spread of25 or less and smoke developed of 50 or less when testing thefinish side (the side opposite that co
19、ntacting the insulation) inaccordance with 10.2.6.3 Minimum tensile strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.3.6.4 Maximum dimensional change for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1, when tested in accor-dance wit
20、h 10.4.6.5 All type vapor retarders shall not sustain growth of fungiwhen tested in accordance with 10.5.6.6 All type vapor retarders shall not crack or delaminate attemperatures from 20 to 150F (29 to 66C) when tested inaccordance with 10.6.6.7 Minimum burst strength for a specific type vaporretard
21、er shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.7.6.8 Vapor retarders containing paper or paper products shallnot demonstrate an increase in char length of more than 20 %when tested in accordance with 10.8.6.9 All type vapor retarders shall not corrode or delaminate,nor demonstrate,
22、 after exposure, a permeance greater than themaximum allowable for the type being tested, when tested inaccordance with 10.9.6.10 Types VII-X vapor retarders shall not absorb more than0.02 g of water (2.0 g/m2) when tested for water resistance inaccordance with 10.10.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permiss
23、ible Variations7.1 Dimensions for roll or sheeted materials shall be asspecified by the purchaser.7.2 Tolerance for roll materials shall be 618 in. (63 mm) onwidth and +5, 0 % on length.7.3 Tolerance for sheeted materials shall be 618 in. (63mm) on length and width.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appear
24、ance8.1 There shall be no defects in materials or workmanshipthat will affect the required performance of the vapor retarder.8.2 There shall be no defects that adversely affect theappearance of the vapor retarder.8.3 There shall be no defects that would affect ability of userto process material.9. S
25、ignificance and Use9.1 Entrapment of water in thermal insulation caused bycondensation of water vapor that has penetrated into theinsulation is detrimental to the thermal resistance of theinsulation. For this reason, in certain installations wheretemperature and moisture conditions have the potentia
26、l tocreate a vapor driving force toward the insulation, a deterrentto the passage of such vapor into the installed insulation needsto be provided. This is the primary function of the vaporretarder.9.2 In addition to the function stated in 9.1, a vapor retarderhas the potential to provide physical pr
27、otection and addedstrength to the insulation system.9.3 This specification is used to specify material by physicalproperty requirements that address the above prerequisites. TheTABLE 1 Physical Property RequirementsAPhysical Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type VII Type VIII Type IX Type
28、XPermeance, maxPerms (ngPa1s1m2)0.02 (1.15) 0.02 (1.15) 0.10 (5.75) 0.10 (5.75) 0.01 (0.58) 0.02 (1.15) 0.00 (0.00) 0.02 (1.15)Burst Strength, minpsi (kPa)55 (380) 35 (240) 55 (380) 35 (240) 70 (483) 60 (414) 80 (552) 75 (518)Tensile, Machine Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)45 (7.9) 30 (
29、5.3) 45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 11 (1.9) 8 (1.4) 25 (4.4) 60 (10.5)Tensile, Cross Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 10 (1.7) 7 (1.2) 25 (4.4) 50 (8.8)Dimensional Change, maxpercent0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1 1 0.5 0.5ATypes V and VI were deleted in 2010 because these m
30、aterials are no longer produced and were replaced with Types VII and VIII.C1136 162designer of an insulation system, after determining the degreeof protection needed for the insulation, can use this specifica-tion to specify the appropriate type of vapor retarder when oneis required.10. Test Methods
31、10.1 Water Vapor PermeanceTest water vapor permeancein accordance with Test Methods E96/E96M, Procedure A.10.2 Surface Burning CharacteristicsTest in accordancewith Test Method E84.10.3 Tensile Strength:10.3.1 Test the tensile strength of plastic sheet vapor retard-ers in accordance with Test Method
32、 D882, with results reportedin pounds per inch width of specimen (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.2 Test the tensile strength of all other vapor retarders inaccordance with Test Method D828, with results reported inpounds per inch of specimen width (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.3 Tested speci
33、mens shall be 2 in. (51 mm) wide with 1in. (25 mm) between jaws.10.3.4 Since the criterion for jaw breaks of Test MethodD828 (a break within 1 in. of jaw) cannot be used with theabove specimen configuration, employ visual inspection andappropriate care to ensure that the clamping action is notinitia
34、ting breakage.10.4 Dimensional Stability:10.4.1 Test dimensional stability in accordance with TestMethod D1204.10.4.2 Expose the specimens to a temperature of 150 6 4F(66 6 2C) for 24 h.10.5 Fungi Resistance:10.5.1 Test fungi resistance in accordance with Test MethodC1338.10.5.2 For all tests, inocu
35、late three specimens of the subjectsample. Growth on any of the three specimens constitutesfailure of the sample.10.5.3 Test both sides of laminated products that use dis-similar materials, with the exception of a metallic foil side,which need not be tested.10.5.4 Test either side of single layer pr
36、oducts such aspolymeric films.10.6 Thermal IntegrityTest in accordance with TestMethod C1263.10.7 Burst StrengthTest in accordance with D774/D774MTest Method for Bursting Strength of Paper.10.7.1 Since only one side of the vapor retarder materialwill be exposed in service, only that side need be eva
37、luated forburst strength.10.8 Permanence of Flame RetardancyTest in accordancewith TAPPI Test T461, Flame Resistance of Treated Paper andPaperboard.10.9 Elevated Temperature and Humidity ResistanceTestin accordance with Test Method C1258.10.10 Water ResistanceTest the outer surface in accor-dance wi
38、th Test Method D3285.11. Sampling, Inspection, and Rejection of DefectiveMaterial11.1 A lot of material shall be considered to be the largestquantity of a specific vapor retarder received by the purchaserunder one order, or, it so designated by the manufacturer, thatquantity of products identified a
39、s the particular lot.11.2 Aunit of material shall be considered to be the smallestpackaged quantity of vapor retarder within a lot, that is, oneroll in a lot of rolls or one bundle of sheets in a lot of sheetedmaterial.11.3 Inspection shall consist of any tests for specificationconformance the user
40、deems necessary. Due to the impracti-cality of performing some tests on an inspection basis, the useris entitled to request certification to specific test requirements.11.4 Incoming lots shall be sampled at a minimum rate of5 % of units received for inspection.11.5 If any nonconformance to specifica
41、tion is detectedwithin the 5 % sample, increase sampling to 10 % of the lot.11.6 If 50 % or more of the 10 % sampled units is deter-mined to be defective, the lot shall be considered unacceptable.11.7 It shall be left to the discretion of the user whether tocontinue sampling for acceptable material.
42、 In any case, unitsfound defective shall be considered unacceptable and rejected.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchaser order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directedin this specific
43、ation and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchaser order or contract, a report of theresults shall be furnished.12.2 Qualification RequirementsThe following require-ments are generally designated for initial product qualification:12.2.1 Permeance,12.2.2 Surface burning characte
44、ristics,12.2.3 Tensile strength,12.2.4 Dimensional stability,12.2.5 Fungi resistance,12.2.6 Thermal integrity,12.2.7 Burst Strength,12.2.8 Flame retardance permanence,12.2.9 Elevated temperature and humidity resistance, and12.2.10 Water resistance.12.3 Inspection RequirementsThe following requiremen
45、tsare generally designated for acceptance sampling of lots ofqualified products:12.3.1 Dimensions.12.3.2 Workmanship and appearance.13. Product Marking13.1 The packaged vapor retarder material shall bear iden-tification including the following information:C1136 16313.1.1 Manufacturer,13.1.2 Product
46、designation,13.1.3 Roll or sheet dimensions, and13.1.4 Lot number.13.2 If required by the user, the packaged material shall beara marking of conformance to this specification, such as:ASTMC1136, Type _.13.3 If required by the user, material which has beenclassified as to surface burning characterist
47、ics in accordancewith Test Method E84 by an independent testing laboratoryagreed upon by both parties, shall bear the authorized label ormarking of that institution.14. Packaging14.1 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be sup-plied in the manufacturers standard commercial package.15. Keyw
48、ords15.1 flexible; low permeance; thermal insulation; vaporretardersAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PERMEANCE UNDER OTHER THAN STANDARD TEST CONDITIONSX1.1 Transmission of water vapor through a vapor retarderis induced by a vapor pressure differential between sides of thevapor retarder, caused
49、 by different conditions of relativehumidity from side to side.X1.2 The resistance of materials to the passage of watermay change under varying vapor driving conditions, such ashigher or lower temperatures, higher or lower relative humiditydifferentials, or like differentials at different ranges (that is,50/0 % RH as opposed to 75/25 %RH).X1.3 For purposes of this specification, a standard testcondition is used, that of 73F (23C) with 50 % relativehumidity on one side and 0 % relative humidity on the other.X1.4 It is conceivable that a material
