1、Designation: C1224 11C1224 15Standard Specification forReflective Insulation for Building Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the general requirements and physical properties of reflective insulations for use in buildingapplica
3、tions. These insulation materials consist of one or more low emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits,unmounted or mounted on substrates. Reflective insulations derive thermal performance from surfaces with an emittance of 0.1or less, facing enclosed air spaces.1.2 The values s
4、tated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with i
5、ts use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Stead
6、y-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of theGuarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation LotsC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC727 Practice fo
7、r Installation and Use of Reflective Insulation in Building ConstructionsC1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and FacingsC1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance
8、 of Building Materials and EnvelopeAssemblies by Means of a Hot BoxApparatusC1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance of Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable EmissometersE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Tr
9、ansmission of MaterialsE2599 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barrier and Vinyl Stretch CeilingMaterials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics2.2 TAPPI Standard:T512 Creasing of Flexible Packaging Material Paper Specimens
10、for Testing33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 shall apply to the terms in this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Prior to purchase, for sampling and acceptance procedures, Practice C390 is an option when agreed upon by the purchaserand the manufacturer.1 This specification is unde
11、r the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.21 on ReflectiveInsulation.Current edition approved May 15, 2011Oct. 15, 2015. Published July 2011November 2015. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20092011
12、 asC122409.11. DOI: 10.1520/C1224-11.10.1520/C1224-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Avail
13、able from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http:/www.tappi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous
14、 version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Intern
15、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Specify the required thermal resistance by the direction of the heat flow.4.3 Specify the width, depth, and total area to be insulated.4.4 Specify special markings, when required.5. Materials and Manufac
16、ture5.1 Reflective insulation materials shall consist of low emittance surface(s) with, or without, substrates and adhesives requiredto meet the specified thermal performance and physical properties.5.2 Multiple layer reflective insulations shall be designed to attain the intended separation of laye
17、rs in normal application. Suchmultiple layer insulation shall form an attachment flange suitable for stapling, or other means of attachment.5.3 DimensionsInsulation shall be furnished in dimensions to fit framing members, at spacings standard in the constructionindustry, or as specifically agreed up
18、on between the producer and the buyer.6. Physical Properties Requirements6.1 Low emittance materials shall have a surface with an emittance of 0.1 or less, as determined in accordance with 9.1.6.2 PermeanceWhen the reflective insulation is to serve as a vapor retarder, the permeance of the material
19、shall not exceedone perm, as determined in accordance with 9.2.6.2.1 When the reflective insulation is to be vapor transmitting the permeance of the material shall be equal to or greater thanfive perms, as determined in accordance with 9.2.6.3 Surface Burning CharacteristicsBuilding code requirement
20、s specify flame spread and smoke development valuesdetermined in accordance with 9.3, except as follows:(1) Maximum surface burning characteristics shall not exceed 25 flame spread index and 50 smoke development index forinside plenum applications.(2) Maximum surface burning characteristics shall no
21、t exceed 25 flame spread index and 450 smoke development index inexposed building applications.6.4 Humidity ResistanceThe laminates of the reflective insulation shall be tested in accordance with 9.4. Three specimensshall be exposed. Shield the test specimens from condensate that drips from the ceil
22、ing of the humidity chamber.6.4.1 The specimens shall be evaluated for visible corrosion and delamination. For purposes of corrosion evaluation disregardthe outer 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) perimeter. No tested specimen shall exhibit visible crystalline deposits exceeding 2 % of the test areanor exhibit unai
23、ded delamination of layers.6.5 Adhesive Performance:6.5.1 BleedingAdhesives, when used, shall show no sign of bleeding when tested in accordance with the test procedure in9.5.1. Disregard bleeding at cut edges. Bleeding or delamination, covering over 2 % of the specimen area, shall be cause forrejec
24、tion.6.5.2 PliabilitySpecimens tested in accordance with the test procedure in 9.5.2 shall not show cracking or delamination.6.6 Fungi ResistanceSpecimens shall not have growth greater than comparative item when tested in accordance with 9.6. UseInterpretation of Results (Paragraph 7.2) of Test Meth
25、od C1338.6.7 Thermal ResistanceDetermine the thermal resistance in accordance with procedures in 9.7. The results of the proceduresshall indicate the R-value of the product, product and the enclosed air space, in the assembly tested.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The insulation shall be m
26、anufactured, packaged, and shipped in such a manner that, when received by the customer, it shallbe suitable for installation in accordance with Practice C727.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be performed in accordance with Practice C390.9. Test Methods9.1 EmittanceThe emittance of the product shall be
27、 tested in accordance with Test Method C1371.9.2 PermeanceThe permeance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E96/E96M, Desiccant Method.9.3 Surface BurningSurface burning characteristics shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E84 and shall be mountedaccording to Prac
28、tice E2599.9.4 Humidity ResistanceThe humidity resistance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method C1258.9.5 Adhesive Performance:C1224 1529.5.1 Bleeding and Delamination:9.5.1.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination of bleeding and delamination of the reflective insula
29、tion.9.5.1.2 Significance and UseIt is necessary that reflective insulation not show adhesive bleeding or delamination since thiscontributes to loss of structural integrity and a change in water permeability.9.5.1.3 SamplingAminimum of three specimens of the reflective insulation, with dimensions of
30、 approximately 3 by 6 in. (7.62cm by 15.24 cm), shall be tested. The test specimens shall be cut from separate locations on a roll or panel of the insulation.9.5.1.4 ProcedureSuspend the specimens vertically in an oven and heat to a temperature of 180F (65F) for at least 5 h.Determine, under 5 magni
31、fication the following: has the adhesive bled or extruded through the surface, or has any separation offoil from substrate (delamination) occurred.9.5.1.5 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either precision or bias of this test method for determiningBleeding and Delamination, since
32、the test results are nonquantitative.9.5.2 Pliability:9.5.2.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination of cracking or delamination of the reflective insulation due to foldingand bending. Any reflective insulation product that does not require bending during installation shall be exempt from th
33、erequirements of this section.9.5.2.2 Significance and UseReflective insulation must not crack or delaminate, these characteristics contribute to loss ofstructural integrity and change in water permeability.9.5.2.3 SamplingAminimum of three specimens of the reflective insulation shall be subjected t
34、o two tests: one specimen shallcontain a factory produced edge.9.5.2.4 ProcedureImmediately prior to testing: (1) The specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 70F (62F) anda relative humidity of 50 % (65 %) for a period of no less than 24 h for the first test. The second test shall be at 3
35、2F (62F) fora period of no less than 24 h. (2) The foil laminate shall be folded in accordance with TAPPI Standard T512, and the folded edgesmoothed, using light finger pressure. The finished laminate shall not crack or delaminate when folded to a 180 bend.9.5.2.5 Precision and BiasNo information is
36、 presented about either precision or bias of TAPPI Standard T512 for determiningcracking or delamination, due to folding or bending, since the test result is nonquantitative.9.6 Fungi ResistanceThe fungi resistance of the product shall be determined in accordance with Test Method C1338.9.7 Thermal P
37、erformanceThe thermal performance of reflective insulation shall be determined in accordance with TestMethod C1363 using the following criteria:9.7.1 In order to determine the thermal performance of the reflective insulation materials used in a test panel, a uniform methodof adjustment of the test p
38、anel results is needed.9.7.2 The test panel shall consist of wood framing members sheathed with a homogenous material with a thermal resistance ofno more than R-2, such as 0.25 to 0.75 in. (6.35 mm to 19.05 mm) plywood, OSB board, drywall or chipboard.The exposed surfaceshall not have an emittance l
39、ess than 0.8. The width and depth of the cavities shall be representative of the installation for whichthe insulation product is intended. The reflective insulation shall be installed in the test panel according to the manufacturersinstallation instructions.9.7.3 The testing of the reflective insula
40、tion shall be performed at a cavity mean temperature of 75 6 4F (24 6 2C) with atemperature difference across the insulated cavity of 30 6 2F (16.7 6 1C).9.7.3.1 To determine the cavity mean temperature and temperature difference, sufficient temperature instrumentation shall beapplied to the interio
41、r surfaces of the sheathing to measure the average temperature of these surfaces. Temperature sensor layoutsfor 16 and 24 in. (40.64 mm and 60.96 mm) on center guarded or calibrated hot boxes are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively.9.7.4 To determine the heatflow in the cavity area, the net heat fl
42、ow shall be adjusted to account for the heat flow through theframing members. To perform this adjustment, the thermal resistance of the framing material must be known to within 610 % andthe average temperature difference across the framing members shall be measured.9.7.4.1 A sufficient number of tem
43、perature sensors shall be installed to determine the average temperature difference across theframing members. Framing member temperature sensor layouts for 16 and 24 in. (40.64 mm and 60.96 mm) on center guardedand calibrated hot boxes are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively.NOTE 1When cavity dept
44、hs of less than 1 in. (25 mm) are being tested, special care must be taken to install the thermocouples to accurately measurethe temperature gradient across the test cavity. Significant uncertainties have been reported when large diameter temperature sensors (or thermocouples)are used and when the s
45、ensors are not installed to measure the temperature gradient accurately. Consult Temperature Measurement in Test Method C1363.9.7.5 The steady-state heat flow through the reflective insulation in the cavity shall be determined from (Eq 1).QINS5Q TOTAL2AFRAMET FRAME/RFRAME! (1)where:QTOTAL = the tota
46、l heat flow rate across the test panel (BTU/h),AFRAME = the cross-sectional area of the framing (ft2),TFRAME = the average temperature difference across the framing (F),RFRAME = the thermal resistance of the framing (ft2hF/BTU), andC1224 153QINS = the total heat flow rate across the insulated cavity
47、 (BTU/h).9.7.6 The thermal resistance of the reflective insulation, RINS, shall be determined from (Eq 2).RINS5A INSTINS/QINS (2)where:AINS = the total cross-sectional area of the insulated cavity (ft2), andTINS = the average T across the insulated cavity measured from the inside surface of the warm
48、-side sheathing to the insidesurface of the cool-side sheathing.9.7.7 The heat flow correction due to the presence of the framing members resulting from Eq 1 shall be verified by repeatingthe hot box measurement with a mass insulation material with thermal resistance measured in accordance with test
49、 methods C177or C518.9.7.8 The thermal resistance of the framing, RFRAME in Eq 1, shall be determined from hot box data obtained with the specificframing being used and mass insulation of known thermal resistance using Eq 3.RFRAME 5 AFRAMETFRAMEQTOTAL2AINS T INSRINS(3)9.7.9 Reporting RequirementsThe report shall include all the requirements of Test Methods C177, C518 or C1363 as per theparameters listed in Eq 1 and 2 of Section 9. The date of the last frame verification shall also be reported along with any specifictest res
