1、Designation: C 401 91 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Classification ofAlumina and Alumina-Silicate Castable Refractories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers alumi
3、na and alumina-silicatecastable refractories that, when tempered with water, willdevelop structural strength by chemical action.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for infor
4、mation onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitati
5、ons prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory BrickC 133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC 134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insula
6、ting Fire-brickC 862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Speci-mens by CastingC 865 Practice for Firing Refractory Concrete Specimens3. Significance and Use3.1 Alumina and alumina-silicate castable refractories areproduced to yield property characteristics commensurate withdifferent end use p
7、roperties. Volume stability, modulus ofrupture, bulk density, and lime content have become usefulmeasures to distinguish various alumina and alumina-silicatecastable formulations for initial fitness for service. This clas-sification is considered useful for purchase specifications andfor quality con
8、trol.4. Basis of Classification4.1 Regular Castable RefractoriesThis class includesalumina and alumino-silicate castable refractories which con-tain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a total lime(CaO) content greater than 2.5 % on a calcined basis. Underthis class, castables having a modulus o
9、f rupture after drying ofat least 300 psi (2.07 MPa) are normal-strength, and thosehaving at least 600 psi (4.14 MPa) modulus of rupture arehigh-strength types. They are further classified on the basis ofvolume stability of cast test brick when fired at the tempera-tures prescribed in Table 1.4.2 Lo
10、w-Cement Castable RefractoriesThis class in-cludes alumina and alumino-silicate castable refractories whichcontain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a total lime(CaO) content of greater than 1.0 to 2.5 % on a calcined basis.4.3 Ultra-Low Cement Castable RefractoriesThis classincludes alumina a
11、nd alumino-silicate castable refractorieswhich contain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a totallime (CaO) content of greater than 0.2 to 1.0 % on a calcinedbasis.4.4 No-Cement Castable RefractoriesThis class includesalumina and alumino-silicate castable refractories which do notcontain hydrau
12、lic-setting cement and in which the bondingagent(s) contribute no significant amount of lime (CaO). Theproduct might contain up to 0.2 % total lime (CaO) on acalcined basis as contributed by the aggregate.4.5 Insulating Castable RefractoriesThis class includesinsulating castable refractories which a
13、re classified on the basisof bulk density of dried cast test brick and volume stability ofsuch test brick when fired at the temperatures prescribed inTable 2.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92, T
14、he Joseph E.Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 401 91 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
15、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Test Methods5.1
16、 The properties enumerated in this classification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:5.1.1 Modulus of RuptureTest Methods C 133 on testbrick with Practice C 862, and after oven-drying in accordancewith the Curing of Test Specimens section of Practice C 862.Specimens sho
17、uld be fired as given in heating schedule ofPractice C 865.5.1.2 Permanent Linear ShrinkageTest Method C113onspecimens prepared in accordance with Practice C 862 andfired as given in heating schedule of Practice C 865.5.1.3 Bulk DensityTest Methods C 134 on test brickprepared and oven-dried in accor
18、dance with Practice C 862 andfired as given in heating schedule of Practice C 865.6. Retests6.1 Because of variables resulting from sampling and thelack of satisfactory reproducibility in tests conducted bydifferent laboratories, the material may be resampled andretested when requested by either the
19、 manufacturer or thepurchaser. This may apply in instances when the first testresults do not conform to the requirements prescribed in thisclassification. The final results to be used shall be the averageof at least two sets of results, each of which has been obtainedby following in detail the speci
20、fied testing procedures.7. Keywords7.1 alumina; alumina-silicate; castable refractories; insulat-ing castable refractories; low-cement castable refractories;no-cement castable refractories; regular castable refractories;ultra-low cement castable refractoriesASTM International takes no position respe
21、cting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This st
22、andard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internat
23、ional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown belo
24、w.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (
25、fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Regular Castable RefractoriesTest RequirementsClasses of Alumina-Silica Base Castable RefractoriesClass A Class B Class C Class D Class E Class F Class GPermanent linear shrinkage, notmore than 1.5 % when firedfor5h
26、at2000F(1095C)2300F(1260C)2500F(1370C)2700F(1480C)2900F(1595C)3100F(1705C)3200F(1760C)TABLE 2 Insulating Castable Refractories (Refer to 4.5)Test RequirementsClasses of Insulating Castable RefractoriesClass N Class O Class P Class Q Class RPermanent linear shrinkage, not more than 1.5 %when fired fo
27、r 5 h at1700F(925C)1900F(1040C)2100F(1150C)2300F(1260C)2500F(1370C)Maximum bulk density, lb/ft3(g/cm3) after drying at220 to 230F (105 to 110C)55 (0.88) 65 (1.04) 75 (1.20) 90 (1.44) 95 (1.52)Class S Class T Class U Class VPermanent linear shrinkage, not more than 1.5 % when fired for 5 hatMaximum bulk density, lb/ft3(g/cm3) after drying at 220 to 230F(105 to 110C)2700F(1480C)95 (1.52)2900F(1595C)100 (1.60)3000F(1650C)105 (1.68)3200F(1760C)105 (1.68)C 401 91 (2005)2
