1、Designation: C 516 02Standard Specification forVermiculite Loose Fill Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 516; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalprope
3、rties of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite loose fillinsulation. The specification also includes the testing proce-dures by which the acceptability of the material may bedetermined. These testing procedures deal primarily withmaterial performance in the temperature range associated withthe thermal
4、envelope of buildings; however, the commerciallyusable temperature range for this insulation is from 119 to850F (84 to 454C). For specialized applications, refer tomanufacturers instructions.1.2 The specification also covers the composition and prop-erties of vermiculite that has been surface-treate
5、d to producewater repellency for installations where liquid moisture may bea factor.1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulationmaterials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appro-priate current information regarding any
6、 known problemsassociated with the recommended use of the companysproducts, and shall also recommend protective measures to beemployed in their safe utilization.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: Thisstandard does not p
7、urport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section1
8、2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregates2C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation3C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus3C 3
9、90 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of PreformedThermal Insulation Lots3C 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus3C 520 Test Methods for Density of Granular Loose FillInsulations3E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristic
10、s ofBuilding Materials4E 136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C43. Terminology3.1 The terms used in this specification are defined inTerminology C 168.4. Classification4.1 Vermiculite insulation shall be specified by two typedesignations and five classes, as foll
11、ows:4.1.1 Vermiculite Loose Fill InsulationType IThe prod-uct that results from the expanding or exfoliating of naturalvermiculite ore by grading and heating to meet the require-ments of this specification.4.1.2 Vermiculite Loose Fill InsulationType IIExpandedvermiculite that has been surface-treate
12、d to produce waterrepellency and limit absorption of moisture from both liquidand vapor phase.4.1.3 Vermiculite loose fill insulation has five grade desig-nations established by range of particle size distribution asshown in Table 1.5. Ordering Information5.1 All purchase orders should designate bot
13、h type andgrade of insulation desired. If type designation is omitted, TypeI will be furnished. The type and grade classifications in thisspecification differ from the classifications in earlier issues.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is th
14、e direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 onBlanket and Loose Fill Insulation.Current edition approved October 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Origi-nally published as C 516 63 T. Last previous edition C 516 80 (1996)e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards
15、, Vol 04.06.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Purchasers referencing this specification should include thedate of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Vermiculite is a micaceou
16、s mineral which is mined andprocessed to produce a high-purity concentrate. The concen-trate, in the form of flakes of varying size and thicknessweighing 55 lb/ft3(880 kg/m3), is expanded in high-temperature furnaces to densities in the range from 3.0 to 8.0lb/ft3(148 to 128 kg/m3). As a naturally o
17、ccurring mineral, it isclassifiable as an elementary building material. It is noncom-bustible as determined by Test Method E 136. Material mustpass combustion test criteria of Test Method E 136.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as Inspection Requ
18、irements (see Practice C 390, 5.1.2;see also Terminology C 168). The insulation shall conform tothe following requirements:Type I Type IIBulk density, lb/ft3(kg/m3) See Table 1Grading (particle size) See Table 3Water properties, max g wicked in 5 min N.A. 37.2 The physical properties listed in this
19、section of thespecification are defined as Qualification Requirements (seePractice C 390, 5.1.1). The insulation shall conform to thefollowing requirements:Thermal resistance, Fhft2/Btu(Km2/W)See Table 2Moisture absorption, max, % by weight/14 days3.5 3.5Combustibility No flaming, glowing,or smoking
20、Surface-burning characteristics (Test MethodE 84):Flame spread, max 0 0Smoke developed, max 0 0Water properties, min, mL of waterrepelledN.A. 1758. Sampling8.1 For purposes of standard tests, sampling shall be inaccordance with Practice C 390.9. Test Methods9.1 The physical properties, as enumerated
21、 in Section 7,shall be determined in accordance with the following methods:9.1.1 Bulk DensityTest Methods C 520, Method A.9.1.2 GradingTest Method C 136, except that when amechanical sieving device is used, the sieving time shall be 5min and the test specimen shall be 50 g of material.9.1.3 Thermal
22、ResistanceTests for thermal resistance maybe made in accordance with Test Methods C 177 or C 518. Testat the design density. The thermal resistance of the varioustypes shall not be lower than the values listed in Table 2, exceptthat the average thermal resistance of any four specimens mayfall up to
23、5 % below the value in the table. Determine thethermal resistance (R-value) at mean temperature of 75F(24C) and 40F (4C), at design density and in accordancewith the current editions of Test Methods C 177 or C 518.Report the direction of heat flow. Thermal resistance at othermean temperatures may be
24、 determined if required.9.1.4 Moisture AbsorptionThe test specimen shall be asample of approximately 50 g. Loose fill the sample and levelinto a sample holder 9 by 9 by 5 in. (228 by 228 by 127 mm)deep.9.1.4.1 Condition with minimum air movement across thesample surface. Condition at 50 6 2 % relati
25、ve humidity and120F (48.9C) to constant weight and record. State the densityTABLE 1 Density SpecificationsGrade DesignationBulk Density, lb/ft3(kg/m3)min max0Premium 3.0 (48) 5.0 (80)1Large 3.7 (59) 5.5 (88)2Medium 4.0 (64) 6.0 (96)3Fine 4.5 (72) 7.0 (112)4Super Fine 5.5 (88) 8.0 (128)TABLE 2 Nomina
26、l Thermal Resistance ValuesMean Temperature Thermal ResistanceAFhft2/Btu (Km2/W)F (C) 0Premium 1Large 2Medium 3Fine 4Super Fine119 (84) . . . . 3.4 (0.59)58 (50) . . . . 3.0 (0.52)13 (25) . . . . 2.7 (0.48)75 (24) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40)212 (100) . . . . 1.8 (0.32)302
27、(150) . . . . 1.6 (0.28)392 (200) . . . . 1.4 (0.25)482 (250) . . . . 1.2 (0.22)572 (300) . . . . 1.1 (0.19)662 (350) . . . . 0.94 (0.17)752 (400) . . . . 0.84 (0.15)850 (454) . . . . 0.73 (0.13)AThe nominal thermal resistances in this table are for 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) of thickness.C516022of the sampl
28、e conditioned to constant weight in the report ofresults.9.1.4.2 Increase the relative humidity to 90 6 2 %. Condi-tion to constant weight by check-weighing at 24-h intervals.Determine the moisture pickup as a percent of conditionedweight.9.1.4.3 Record percent absorption at 14 days.9.1.4.4 Precisio
29、n and BiasThis test establishes a typicalproperty of vermiculite. It is an inherent characteristic. It isonly intended to indicate absorption under high humidityconditions which are known to be characteristic of its usualinsulation end use.9.1.5 Water Repellency (Type II Only)Determine the wa-ter re
30、pellency of Type II vermiculite insulation in accordancewith the following procedure:9.1.5.1 Apparatus(a) Rigid plastic tube 50 mm insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fastened or adhered to the bottom. The tubeshall be marked at 400 mL from the screen-covered
31、end. (b)No. 15 rubber stopper. (c) 250-mL graduated cylinder. (d)500-mL beaker.9.1.5.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly above the400-mL mark. Compact it by dropping the tube from a heightof approximately 75 mm on a large rubber stopper (No. 15
32、recommended) for a total of ten drops. As the sample compactsto a level below the 400-mL mark, add additional material sothat after the tenth drop, the level of the sample is within 3 mLof the 400-mL mark.9.1.5.3 ProcedureWith the tube supported in a verticalposition and a beaker positioned under th
33、e tube, rapidly pour250 mL of cold tap water onto the vermiculite. Take care whilepouring, that the stream hits the middle of the surface of thebed of vermiculite and does not merely slide down the side ofthe test cylinder. Allow the water to drain through the bed ofvermiculite for exactly 3 min. Ti
34、lt the tube at approximately45 to drain water collected on the screen. Tilt it onlymomentarily for this purpose. Measure the collected water inthe 250-mL graduate.9.1.5.4 CalculationReport the amount of collected wateras “millilitres repelled.” Report results as the mean of threeindependent tests.9.
35、1.5.5 Precision and BiasThe purpose of this test is toconfirm that the intended degree of surface treatment has beenaccomplished to achieve water repellency. The specified char-acteristic is a minimum (no range or maximum). Quantitativevalues for conforming products exceeding the limits have nocomme
36、rcial significance.9.1.6 WickabilityVermiculite Insulation (Type II Only):9.1.6.1 Apparatus(a) Rigid plastic tube 50 mm in insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fastened or adhered to the bottom. (b) 50-mmlong compaction plug, fitting snugly inside the sample ho
37、lderto give standard compaction to the sample. (c) Tubing rackcapable of supporting the sample tube. (d) Water immersiontray.9.1.6.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly below the top ofthe cylinder. Compact it with the plug until a moderateresist
38、ance pressure is felt. In no event shall compaction bemore than 24 mm.9.1.6.3 ProcedurePlace the sample tube, screen enddown, on a rack in the water immersion tray. The water levelin the tray shall be 50 mm above the bottom of the tube. Allowthe sample to remain in the position and allow to wick wat
39、erfor 5 min. Remove the tube from the tray onto a tared 75-mmwatch glass so that all water that is allowed to drain, is caughtby the watch glass and is included in the weight of waterpicked up by the sample. Determine the weight of the waterpicked up by the sample in grams.9.1.6.4 CalculationReport
40、the amount of water picked upby the vermiculite sample through this wicking action asgrams. Report results as a mean of three independent tests.9.1.6.5 Precision and BiasSee 9.1.5.5.10. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the materials shall be made as agreedupon between the purchaser and the manufacturer
41、as part of thepurchase contract.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, the insulationshall be packed in the manufacturers standard commercialcontainer. The insulation shall be packed to ensure carrieracceptance and safe delivery at destination in containerscomplying with
42、the rules and regulations applicable to themode of transportation.11.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked withthe name of the insulation, minimum weight of container, andthe name of the manufacturer. For residential insulation, a chartshall also be affixed or printed on the container listing
43、 theminimum thickness, maximum net coverage area, and mini-mum weight per square foot at R values of 11, 19, and 22. Inaddition to this chart, the following statements must be added:1. “R means resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, thegreater the insulation power. 2. To get the marked R-v
44、alue, it isessential that this insulation be installed properly. If you do ityourself, follow the instructions carefully.”TABLE 3 Grading Cumulative Percent RetainedGrade DesignationU. S. Sieve No.38 in. (9.5mm)4 (4.75 mm) 8 (2.36 mm) 16 (1.18 mm) 30 (600 m) 50 (300 m) 100 (150 m)0Premium 3080 80100
45、1Large 010 901002Medium 010 4590 951003Fine 010 901004Super Fine 05 6098 90100C51602312. Health and Safety Precautions12.1 PreinstallationThe insulation material should behandled and stored in accordance with manufacturers instruc-tions. It should be kept dry and free of extraneous materials. Itis n
46、oncombustible.12.2 Installation:12.2.1 The insulating material should be poured into thespaces and cavities to be insulated in a manner that minimizesfree-fall and impact. This will minimize crushing and break-down of insulation particles and the unnecessary formation ofdust.12.2.2 Pourable loose fi
47、ll insulation, which is commonlyinstalled in confined, poorly ventilated attic spaces, maygenerate a buildup of airborne dust. Inhalation of dust can beinjurious to health. Refer to manufacturers instructions regard-ing recommended installation practices.13. Keywords13.1 loose fill; thermal insulati
48、on; thermal resistance; ver-miculite; water repellencyASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent r
49、ights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible tech
