1、Designation: C 516 08Standard Specification forVermiculite Loose Fill Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 516; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalproper
3、ties of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite loose fillinsulation. The specification also includes the testing proce-dures by which the acceptability of the material shall bedetermined. These testing procedures deal primarily withmaterial performance in the temperature range associated withthe thermal
4、 envelope of buildings; however, the commerciallyusable temperature range for this insulation is from 119 to850F (84 to 454C). For specialized applications, refer tomanufacturers instructions.1.2 The specification also covers the composition and prop-erties of vermiculite that has been surface-treat
5、ed to producewater repellency for installations.1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulationmaterials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appro-priate current information regarding any known problemsassociated with the r
6、ecommended use of the companysproducts, and shall also recommend protective measures to beemployed in their safe utilization.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informat
7、ion onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this
8、 standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section12.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC 168 Termi
9、nology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionPro
10、perties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 520 Test Methods for Density of Granular Loose FillInsulationsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to
11、Terminology C 168 for definitionsrelating to insulation.4. Classification4.1 Vermiculite insulation is classified by type and gradedesignations, as follows:4.1.1 Type IProduct that results from the expanding orexfoliating of natural vermiculite ore by grading and heating tomeet the requirements of t
12、his specification.4.1.2 Type IIExpanded vermiculite that has been surface-treated to produce water repellency and limit absorption ofmoisture from both liquid and vapor phase.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of
13、Subcommittee C16.23 onBlanket and Loose Fill Insulation.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 516 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servic
14、e at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Grade designations established by range
15、of particlesize distribution and bulk density are shown in Table 1 andTable 2.5. Ordering Information5.1 All purchase orders shall designate both type and gradeof insulation desired. If type designation is omitted, Type I willbe furnished. The type and grade classifications in this speci-fication di
16、ffer from the classifications in earlier issues. Purchas-ers referencing this specification shall include the date of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Vermiculite is a micaceous mineral which is mined andprocessed to produce a high-purity concentrate. The concen-trate, in the form of flakes of
17、varying size and thicknessweighing 55 lb/ft3(880 kg/m3), is expanded in high-temperature furnaces to densities in the range from 3.0 to 8.0lb/ft3(48 to 128 kg/m3). As a naturally occurring mineral, it isclassifiable as an elementary building material. It is noncom-bustible as determined by Test Meth
18、od E 136. Material shallpass combustion test criteria of Test Method E 136.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as Inspection Requirements (see Practice C 390, sec-tion 5.1.2). The insulation shall conform to the followingrequirements:Type I Type II
19、Bulk density, lb/ft3(kg/m3) See Table 1Grading (particle size) See Table 2Water properties, max g wicked in 5 min N.A. 37.2 The physical properties listed in this section of thespecification are defined as Qualification Requirements (seePractice C 390, section 5.1.1). The insulation shall conform to
20、the following requirements:Thermal resistance, Fhft2/Btu(Km2/W)See Table 3Moisture absorption, max, % by weight/14 days3.5 3.5Combustibility No flaming, glowing,or smokingSurface-burning characteristics (Test MethodE84):Flame spread, max 0 0Smoke developed, max 0 0Water properties, min, mL of waterr
21、epelledN.A. 1758. Sampling8.1 For purposes of standard tests, sampling shall be inaccordance with Practice C 390.9. Test Methods9.1 The physical properties, as enumerated in Section 7,shall be determined in accordance with the following methods:9.1.1 Bulk DensityTest Methods C 520, Method A.9.1.2 Gr
22、adingTest Method C 136, except that when amechanical sieving device is used, the sieving time shall be 5min and the test specimen shall be 50 g of material.9.1.3 Thermal ResistanceTests for thermal resistance maybe made in accordance with Test Methods C 177 or C 518. Testat the design density. The t
23、hermal resistance of the varioustypes shall not be lower than the values listed inTable 3, exceptthat the average thermal resistance of any four specimens mayfall up to 5 % below the value in the table. Determine thethermal resistance (R-value) at mean temperature of 75F(24C) and 40F (4C), at design
24、 density and in accordancewith the current editions of Test Methods C 177 or C 518.Report the direction of heat flow. Thermal resistance at othermean temperatures may be determined if required.9.1.4 Water Vapor SorptionThe test specimen shall be asample of approximately 50 g. Loose fill the sample a
25、nd levelinto a sample holder 9 by 9 by 5 in. (228 by 228 by 127 mm)deep.9.1.4.1 Condition with minimum air movement across thesample surface. Condition at 50 6 2 % relative humidity and120 6 5F (48.9 6 3C) to constant weight and record. Statethe density of the sample conditioned to constant weight i
26、n thereport of results.9.1.4.2 Increase the relative humidity to 90 6 2 % relativehumidity and 120 6 5F (48.9 6 3C) for 14 days. Determinethe weight gain after 14 days of exposure.9.1.4.3 Calculate the percent weight gain after 14 days ofexposure to the elevated humidity.9.1.4.4 Precision and BiasTh
27、is test establishes a typicalproperty of vermiculite. It is an inherent characteristic. It isonly intended to indicate absorption under high humidityconditions which are known to be characteristic of its usualinsulation end use.9.1.5 Water Repellency (Type II Only)Determine the wa-ter repellency of
28、Type II vermiculite insulation in accordancewith the following procedure:9.1.5.1 Apparatus(a) Rigid plastic tube 50 mm insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fastened or adhered to the bottom. The tubeshall be marked at 400 mL from the screen-covered end. (b)No.
29、15 rubber stopper. (c) 250-mL graduated cylinder. (d)500-mL beaker.9.1.5.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly above the400-mL mark. Compact it by dropping the tube from a heightof approximately 75 mm on a large rubber stopper (No. 15recommended)
30、 for a total of ten drops.As the sample compactsto a level below the 400-mL mark, add additional material sothat after the tenth drop, the level of the sample is within 3 mLof the 400-mL mark.9.1.5.3 ProcedureWith the tube supported in a verticalposition and a beaker positioned under the tube, rapid
31、ly pour250 mL of cold tap water onto the vermiculite. Take care whilepouring, that the stream hits the middle of the surface of theTABLE 1 Density SpecificationsGrade DesignationBulk Density, lb/ft3(kg/m3)min max0Premium 3.0 (48) 5.0 (80)1Large 3.7 (59) 5.5 (88)2Medium 4.0 (64) 6.0 (96)3Fine 4.5 (72
32、) 7.0 (112)4Super Fine 5.5 (88) 8.0 (128)C516082bed of vermiculite and does not merely slide down the side ofthe test cylinder. Allow the water to drain through the bed ofvermiculite for exactly 3 min. Tilt the tube at approximately45 to drain water collected on the screen. Tilt it onlymomentarily f
33、or this purpose. Measure the collected water inthe 250-mL graduate.9.1.5.4 CalculationReport the amount of collected wateras “millilitres repelled.” Report results as the mean of threeindependent tests.9.1.5.5 Precision and BiasThe purpose of this test is toconfirm that the intended degree of surfac
34、e treatment has beenaccomplished to achieve water repellency. The specified char-acteristic is a minimum (no range or maximum). Quantitativevalues for conforming products exceeding the limits have nocommercial significance.9.1.6 WickabilityVermiculite Insulation (Type II Only):9.1.6.1 Apparatus(a) R
35、igid plastic tube 50 mm in insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fastened or adhered to the bottom. (b) 50-mmlong compaction plug, fitting snugly inside the sample holderto give standard compaction to the sample. (c) Tubing rackcapable of supporting the sample t
36、ube. (d) Water immersiontray.9.1.6.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly below the top ofthe cylinder. Compact it with the plug until a moderateresistance pressure is felt. In no event shall compaction bemore than 24 mm.9.1.6.3 ProcedurePlace the
37、 sample tube, screen enddown, on a rack in the water immersion tray. The water levelin the tray shall be 50 mm above the bottom of the tube.Allowthe sample to remain in the position and allow to wick waterfor 5 min. Remove the tube from the tray onto a tared 75-mmwatch glass so that all water that i
38、s allowed to drain, is caughtby the watch glass and is included in the weight of waterpicked up by the sample. Determine the weight of the waterpicked up by the sample in grams.9.1.6.4 CalculationReport the amount of water picked upby the vermiculite sample through this wicking action asgrams. Repor
39、t results as a mean of three independent tests.9.1.6.5 Precision and BiasSee 9.1.5.5.9.1.7 Surface Burning Characteristicin accordance withTest Method E849.1.8 Combustibilityin accordance with Test MethodE 13610. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the materials shall be made as agreedupon between the purc
40、haser and the manufacturer as part of thepurchase contract.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, the insulationshall be packed in the manufacturers standard commercialcontainer. The insulation shall be packed to ensure carrieracceptance and safe delivery at destination i
41、n containerscomplying with the rules and regulations applicable to themode of transportation.11.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked withthe name of the insulation, minimum weight of container, andthe name of the manufacturer. For residential insulation, a chartshall also be affixed or print
42、ed on the container listing theminimum thickness, maximum net coverage area, and mini-mum weight per square foot at R values of 11, 13, 19, 22, 24,32, and 40. In addition to this chart, the following statementsmust be added: 1. “R means resistance to heat flow. The higherthe R-value, the greater the
43、 insulation power. 2. To get theTABLE 2 Grading Cumulative Percent RetainedGrade DesignationU. S. Sieve No.38 in. (9.5mm)4 (4.75 mm) 8 (2.36 mm) 16 (1.18 mm) 30 (600 m) 50 (300 m) 100 (150 m)0Premium 3080 801001Large 010 901002Medium 010 4590 951003Fine 010 901004Super Fine 05 6098 90100TABLE 3 Nomi
44、nal Thermal Resistance ValuesMean Temperature Thermal ResistanceAFhft2/Btu (Km2/W)F (C) 0Premium 1Large 2Medium 3Fine 4Super Fine119 (84) . . . . 3.4 (0.59)58 (50) . . . . 3.0 (0.52)13 (25) . . . . 2.7 (0.48)75 (24) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40)212 (100) . . . . 1.8 (0.32)30
45、2 (150) . . . . 1.6 (0.28)392 (200) . . . . 1.4 (0.25)482 (250) . . . . 1.2 (0.22)572 (300) . . . . 1.1 (0.19)662 (350) . . . . 0.94 (0.17)752 (400) . . . . 0.84 (0.15)850 (454) . . . . 0.73 (0.13)AThe nominal thermal resistances in this table are for 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) of thickness.C516083marked R-v
46、alue, it is essential that this insulation be installedproperly. If you do it yourself, follow the instructions care-fully.”12. Health and Safety Precautions12.1 PreinstallationThe insulation material should behandled and stored in accordance with manufacturers instruc-tions. It should be kept dry a
47、nd free of extraneous materials. Itis noncombustible.12.2 Installation:12.2.1 The insulating material should be poured into thespaces and cavities to be insulated in a manner that minimizesfree-fall and impact. This will minimize crushing and break-down of insulation particles and the unnecessary fo
48、rmation ofdust.12.2.2 Poured loose fill insulation, which is commonlyinstalled in confined, poorly ventilated attic spaces, maygenerate a buildup of airborne dust. Inhalation of dust can beinjurious to health. Refer to manufacturers instructions regard-ing recommended installation practices.13. Keyw
49、ords13.1 inorganic thermal insulation; loose fill insulation; ther-mal resistance; vermiculite; water repellencyASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time
