1、2002年专业英语四级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passag
2、e will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute 2 Which of the following is NOT a condition for the reduction of debts? （ A） Po
3、verty elimination. （ B） Good government. （ C） Fight against corruption. （ D） Poor living standard. 3 By cancelling the debts owed to her, Britain intends to _ a similar scheme proposed by the International Monetary Fund. （ A） reject （ B） restart （ C） follow （ D） review 4 What happened during the acc
4、ident? （ A） A train hit another train. （ B） A train killed 23 people. （ C） A train went off its tracks. （ D） A train was trapped inside the station. 5 Which of the following statements best describes the condition of the passengers? （ A） No one was fatally injured. （ B） There were many heavy casualt
5、ies. （ C） No one was hurt during the accident. （ D） Someone was killed during the accident. 6 The civil servants held a strike to protest_. （ A） spending cuts. （ B） reform measures. （ C） pay cuts. （ D） low pay. 7 The civil servants strike was staged the general strike_. （ A） a few days after （ B） a
6、few days before （ C） a few weeks after （ D） a few weeks before 8 Which is the main idea of the news? （ A） Industrial relations in Germany. （ B） The German energy industry. （ C） Coalition in the government. （ D） Closure of nuclear reactors. 9 The decision to shut down nuclear reactors resulted from t
7、he demand from_. （ A） the Government. （ B） the energy industry. （ C） a party in the coalition. （ D） a declining need for nuclear energy. 10 The speaker is most probably a(n)_. （ A） architect. （ B） construction worker. （ C） tourist guide. （ D） housing agent. 11 What does the statement mean? （ A） Trav
8、el is much faster and convenient now than before. （ B） People are now travelling much more than in old days. （ C） Traveling to far-away places has become very common. （ D） It used to take two more weeks to travel by coach than now. 12 The speaker feels sorry because_. （ A） he cant attend tomorrows d
9、inner. （ B） his wife cant attend tomorrows dinner. （ C） the couple cant attend tomorrows dinner. （ D） the couple would be unable to cook the dinner. 13 Where is the speaker? （ A） In the zoo. （ B） In the classroom. （ C） In the library. （ D） At a meeting. 14 What does the statement mean? （ A） Ones suc
10、cess is largely dependent on intelligence. （ B） Low motivation may lead to poor performance. （ C） Motivated people are more likely to succeed. （ D） Both motivation and intelligence are important. 15 What does the speaker suggest? （ A） We should read word by word to get his meaning. （ B） We should re
11、ad line by line to get his meaning. （ C） We should try to find the hidden meaning. （ D） We should try to find the lines and read them aloud. 16 How much does the overcoat cost at the regular price? （ A） 120. （ B） 15. （ C） 60. （ D） 45. 17 What does the speaker mean? （ A） The sports meet has been canc
12、elled. （ B） The sports meet has been held despite the rain. （ C） The time has been set for the sports meet. （ D） When the sports meet will be held is yet to be known. 18 What are the speakers probably going to do? （ A） To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessons. （ B） To help Mary to prepare
13、for the upcoming concert. （ C） To talk with Mary about going to the concert. （ D） To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam. 19 What can we learn about the man? （ A） He firmly believes in UFOs. （ B） He is doubtful about UFOs. （ C） He is sure many people have seen UFOs. （ D） He thinks many people h
14、ave lied about UFOs. 20 Which of the following has the man never been interested in? （ A） Electronic music. （ B） Civil engineering. （ C） Electronics. （ D） Electronic engineering. 21 What does the man mean? （ A） The milk is safe to drink. （ B） The milk is not safe to drink. （ C） She shouldnt have bou
15、ght the milk. （ D） He wouldnt have milk for breakfast. 22 How many people were caught in the fire? （ A） 6. （ B） 5. （ C） 4. （ D） 7. 23 What can we learn from the conversation? （ A） The woman will attend her course at 7: 45. （ B） The woman will be late for the blood test. （ C） The woman will have her
16、blood tested before the first class. （ D） The woman decides to miss the first class for her blood test. 24 What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? （ A） Salesman and customer. （ B） Expert on jewelry and his wife. （ C） Estate agent and client. （ D） Husband and wife. 25 How does the
17、 man probably feel? （ A） Nervous. （ B） Uninterested. （ C） Confident. （ D） Upset. 26 What do we know about Bill? （ A） He is thoughtful. （ B） He is forgetful. （ C） He is careless. （ D） He is helpful. 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of t
18、he choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 26 People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and 【 B1】 _ a very simple affair in
19、the beginning. 【 B2】 _ , when we observe the language behaviour of 【 B3】 _ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it 【 B4】 _ complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have at the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words 【 B5】 _ to get along reasonably well, much larger than
20、the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English. 【 B6】 _ , these Eskimo words are far more highly inflected (词尾变化的 ) than 【 B7】 _ of any of the well-known European languages, for a 【 B8】 _ noun can be spoken or written in 【 B9】 _ hundred different forms, each 【 B10】 _ a precise me
21、aning different from that of any other. The forms of the verbs are even more 【 B11】 _ The Eskimo language is, therefore, one of the most difficult in the world to learn, 【 B12】 _ the result that almost no traders or explorers have 【 B13】 _ tried to learn it. Consequently, there has grown up, in comm
22、unication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon 【 B14】 _ to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is us
23、ually 【 B15】_ by travellers as “the Eskimo language“. 27 【 B1】 （ A） must be （ B） must have been （ C） ought to be （ D） should be 28 【 B2】 （ A） However （ B） Therefore （ C） Probably （ D） Undoubtedly 29 【 B3】 （ A） whose （ B） that （ C） which （ D） what 30 【 B4】 （ A） conspicuously （ B） usually （ C） surpris
24、ingly （ D） sufficiently 31 【 B5】 （ A） so as （ B） so that （ C） as such （ D） as well as 32 【 B6】 （ A） However （ B） Moreover （ C） Though （ D） Therefore 33 【 B7】 （ A） the others （ B） all others （ C） these （ D） those 34 【 B8】 （ A） single （ B） singular （ C） plural （ D） compound 35 【 B9】 （ A） some （ B） sev
25、eral （ C） various （ D） varied 36 【 B10】 （ A） getting （ B） causing （ C） having （ D） owning 37 【 B11】 （ A） endless （ B） multiple （ C） uncountable （ D） numerous 38 【 B12】 （ A） with （ B） for （ C） owing to （ D） as 39 【 B13】 （ A） still （ B） indeed （ C） just （ D） even 40 【 B14】 （ A） alike （ B） similar （ C）
26、 related （ D） relevant 41 【 B15】 （ A） referred to （ B） talked about （ C） spoken （ D） told 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you dont look like the lat
27、est fashion photo. Look around you and youll see that no one else does either! 71 The author thinks that people are_. （ A） satisfied with their appearance. （ B） concerned about appearance in old age. （ C） far from neglecting what is in fashion. （ D） reluctant to follow the trends in fashion. 72 Fash
28、ion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to_. （ A） confidence in life. （ B） personal dress. （ C） individual hair style. （ D） personal future. 73 Causes of fashions are_. （ A） uniform. （ B） varied. （ C） unknown. （ D） inexplicable. 74 Present-day society is much freer and easier becaus
29、e it emphasizes （ A） uniformity. （ B） formality. （ C） informality. （ D） individuality. 75 Which is the main idea of the last paragraph? （ A） Care about appearance in formal situations. （ B） Fashion in formal and informal situations. （ C） Ignoring appearance in informal situations. （ D） Ignoring appe
30、arance in all situations. 75 1 Many of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. 2 Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. 3 It is certain
31、ly less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really amount to much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted out first, stains removed by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. 4 It would be more l
32、iberating to pack it all off to a laundry and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. 5 Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. 6 If one compares the image of the woman in the womens magazine wit
33、h the goods advertised by those periodicals, one realizes how useful a projected image can be commercially. 7 A careful balance has to be struck, if you show a labour-saving device, follow it up with a complicated recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herse
34、lf a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasizing the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. 8 So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce “that lovely homebaked flavour the family love“, and knitting patterns that can be made by hand,
35、or worse still, on knitting machines, which became tremendously fashionable when they were first introduced. 9 Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by professional women presetting the dinner before leaving home for work. 76 Acco
36、rding to the passage, many of the home electric goods which are supposed to liberate women_. （ A） remove unpleasant aspects of housework. （ B） save the housewife very little time. （ C） save the housewifes time but not her money. （ D） have absolutely no value for the housewife. 77 According to the co
37、ntext, “capital investment“ refers to money_. （ A） spent on a washing machine. （ B） borrowed from the bank. （ C） saved in the bank. （ D） lent to other people. 78 The goods advertised in womens magazines are really meant to_. （ A） free housewives from housework. （ B） encourage housewives to go out to
38、 work. （ C） turn housewives into excellent cooks. （ D） give them a false sense of fulfillment. 78 1 The “standard of living“ of any country means the average persons share of the goods services which the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its ca
39、pacity to produce wealth. “Wealth“ in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy. “goods“ such as food and clothing, and “services“ such as transport and entertainment. 2 A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an
40、 effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none
41、 of them. 3 Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. Sound and stable political cond
42、itions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a countrys people. Indust
43、rialized countries that have trained numberous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. 4 A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also u
44、pon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricult
45、ural products that would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. 79 The standard of living in a country is determined by_. （ A） its goods and services. （ B） the
46、type of wealth produced. （ C） how well it can create wealth. （ D） what an ordinary person can share. 80 A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends on all the factors EXCEPT_. （ A） peoples share of its goods. （ B） political and social stability. （ C） qualities of its workers. （ D） use of natural r
47、esources. 81 According to the passage, _ play an equally important role in determining a countrys standard of living. （ A） farm products （ B） industrial goods （ C） foodstuffs （ D） export & import 81 Pickpockets operate in crowded places in the hope of getting easy pickings. Dont make it easy for the
48、m. Keep wallets, purses and other valuables out of sight. If wearing a jacket, an inside pocket is the best place to use. If not, your possessions are safest in a pocket with a button-down flap. Please co operate with the police by reporting any crime or suspicious activity immediately, either by di
49、alling 110 or calling at your nearest police station. 82 The main purpose of the passage is to_. （ A） warn people of pickpockets. （ B） tell people what to wear. （ C） describe how to catch thieves. （ D） explain how to contact the police. 82 It is widely accepted that China is a country faced with severe water shortages. Insufficient water resources have slowed agricultural development. And to make
