1、2003年 12月口译二级实务真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets b
2、egin. 1 China is in the midst of a developmental stage where advanced management knowledge and techniques and advanced industrial automation technology and solutions are fundamental and necessary elements for Chinas sustained growth and global competitiveness. There is no one good definition of what
3、 industrial automation is. Perhaps the best definition is a simple one: industrial automation is the use of electronics to control and monitor a process or machinery. While there are many steps that China must take to ensure the appropriate development of its industrial base and supporting infrastru
4、cture, the utilization of advanced industrial automation is a critical step. Increases in productivity and efficiency are not possible without a high level of industrial automation. If we were to look at the growth in productivity of U.S. industry from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, two pivotal fac
5、tors stand out. The first is a revolution in management techniques and consequent restructuring of the American corporation. Management became results-focused, flatter and more distributed, with great participation by the work force. The second pivotal factor was the infusion of advanced industrial
6、automation into manufacturing and other automated processes. Together these two elements led to significant increases in productivity and efficiency. These increases led the way to sustained growth in the U.S. economy, so that by the late 1980s and the early 1990s the U.S. economy was growing taster
7、 than that of Japan for the first time in several decades. China, which is now at its own critical industrial and management systems crossroads, can borrow from some of these experiences. China has an unparalleled opportunity to adopt advanced industrial automation as this technology moves into the
8、new millennium and into the information era. The future of industrial automation will be a networked future with a great reliance on wireless connectivity. Utilization of effective and open networks such as DeviceNet, ControiNet and Ethernet/IP, with their ability to connect to the Internet, allows
9、for continuous control and feedback from the factory floor to the management office and beyond. The factory floor and the management office can be linked continuously and in real time with suppliers, sales force and customers. Every part of this chain will be able to monitor, input to and adjust the
10、 manufacturing process and supporting activities. The future of industrial automation will also very much be linked to software that is an open platform and is multifunctional. The right software package provides tremendous flexibility and agility in the manufacturing process. Industrial software pr
11、ovides the operator interface and gateway from the factory floor to the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and even to the Internet to provide seamless flow of data and information so that the “Information Enabled Enterprise“ can be managed in a more flexible, integrated, and efficient manner
12、. 2 Ludwig van Beethoven was an unhappy genius. He had deep feelings that he could not express in words. He found the way to express these feelings in music, and this led to a new kind of music that is expressive. Beethoven was born in the German city of Bonn, in 1770. His father was a singer in the
13、 Church choir, and he soon saw that Ludwig had musical ability. The father thought that Ludwig might be another wonder-child, like Mozart, and that he would make the familys name and fortune. He forced the little boy to practice long hours on the violin. Mozarts father had been kind, but Beethovens
14、father was impatient and often rough with him. Also, Beethovens father was not reliable in earning a living for his family. As young Ludwig grew up he had to take a great deal of responsibility. When he was 15, and was working in the Church as assistance organist, Ludwig was practically supporting t
15、he family. But he had kind teachers and some good friends, and he was lucky enough to get a position playing the viola in the opera orchestra in Bonn. There he became familiar with the operas of Mozart and other composers, and he learned a great deal about the instruments of the orchestra and how th
16、ey played together. This was to be valuable to him later in his own composing. When he decided to go to Vienna to study, the Archbishop at Bonn paid for his journey and other friends gave him letters to noblemen in Vienna. Beethoven was a very fine pianist, besides being able to play the violin and
17、other stringed instruments. The Viennese music-lovers quickly adopted him as a favorite concert performer. But they criticized every new work of Beethovens because it was too different. The Viennese soon realized that they had an extraordinary genius living among them, and they made every effort to
18、keep him. When Beethoven had an offer to go to another city as an orchestra conductor, three noblemen of Vienna banded together to pay him a regular income every year if he would stay with them. He stayed, and went on composing his big, powerful symphonies, concertos, piano sonatas and many other wo
19、rks. But except for his music, Beethoven was not a happy man. Before he was 30, he began to grow deaf. This was a terrible misfortune for a musician. His deafness came slowly and he was able to continue playing concerts until he was 44. But 10 years later, when his great Ninth Symphony was performed
20、 for the first time, he could not hear at all. He was sitting on the stage at the performance, watching the conductor, and he had his back to the audience. One of the singers turned him around so that he could see the audience enthusiastically applauding this tremendous symphony. Beethoven was a lon
21、ely man. Although he had fallen in love several times, he never married. His deafness made him still more lonely, for he would not go out in public at all. But he rose above his loneliness and deafness through his music. Even when he was totally deaf, he went on creating music that he could not hear
22、 except in his mind, expressing all the feelings he could not express to anyone in words. 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you
23、 are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 女士们、先生们： 我非常高兴能利用英中贸协年会的机会向英国工商界朋友们致以诚挚的问候。多年来，英中贸协一直关心和支持中英关系发展，是堪称两国友好交流的桥梁和互利合作的纽带。在此，我谨对英中贸协及诸位长期为促进中英经贸合作所做的不懈努力和杰出贡献表示感谢，对此次大会的召开表示热烈的祝贺。 十六大 以来，我们继续坚持以经济建设为中心，坚持改革开放，各项工作都有条不紊地向前推进。但是，突如其来在中国一些地方发生了 “非典 ”疫情。这是一种尚未被人类全面认识的
24、新型传染病，要有效控制并消除疫情需要有一个过程。 中国政府是负责任的政府，始终把人民的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位。我们采取了果断措施，完善应急机制和社会救助机制，依靠科学，依靠群众在全国开展了一场预防 “非典 ”的攻坚战。尽管任务非常艰巨，但我们有决心打赢这一仗。 中国人民抗击 “非典 ”的斗争赢得了国际社会的广泛同情和支持。不久前，英政府决定 向中国提供 500万美元的援助，体现了英国人民对中国人民的深情厚谊。中国有句老话， “患难见真情 ”，英方的友好举措博得了中国人民的高度评价与赞赏。 英国医疗科技发达，研发实力雄厚，在传染病的防治等方面积累了不少有益经验，我们愿学习借鉴并开展合作。中
25、华民族是在逆境中自强奋斗的民族，中国政府是勇于面对困难的政府。我们深信，中国人民在国际社会的支持下，经过不懈努力，一定能够驱散疫病的阴霾，迎来更大的繁荣和发展。 4 1986年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族 团结，维护祖国统一。 在中国，公民的信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有 14,000多人，另有 800位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、佛教协会和政府部门中工作。 据不完全统计，从 1978年以来，中央和地方政府共投资 2,000多万元人民币，在西藏修复了 200多座寺庙和 700多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。 藏族是一个历史悠久
26、，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。 2003年 12月口译二级实务真题试卷答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes
27、 while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 中国目前正处在一个发展的阶段。在这个阶段中，先进的管理知识和技术以及先进的工业自动化技术和解决方案是十分必要的，对中国的持续发展和在全球的竞争中起着根本的作用。 目前工业自动化还没有一个最佳的定义。也许最好的其实是一个很简单的定义：工业自动化就是使用电子技术来监控生产流程或机械设备。为了确保工业基础和配套设施的有序发展，中国需要采取很多措施，而其中利用先进的工业自动化 是至关重要的。没有高水平的工业自动化，提高生产力和
28、效率都是不可能的。 如果我们看一看美国工业生产力从 80年代中期到 90年代中期的发展情况，就会发现两个重要的因素。首先是管理技术方面的革命和随之而来的对美国公司的重组改造。改革后的管理更注重效果，管理层面减少，权利下放，企业职工参与性更高。 第二个因素是将先进的工业自动化引入了制造业和其它自动化流程。这两个因素共同作用大大提高了生产力和效率，使美国经济得以可持续发展， 80午代末 90年代初的发展速度几十年来第一次超过了日本。 中国目前正 处在工业和管理制度变革的时期，可以借鉴这些经验。在新的世纪和信息发展时代采用先进的工业自动化技术，对中国来讲是一个千载难逢的机会。 未来的工业自动化技术将
29、是一个无线连接的网络。诸如 DeviceNet， ControlNet和 Ethernet/IP这些开放、高效率的网络能与英特网链接，可以使管理部门对生产车间进行不间断的控制，并获得信息反馈。 生产车间和管理部门之间联网，与供应商、销售部门以及客户之间也可以实现实时联网。在这条链中的任何一个环节都可以进行监控和输入，还可以调整生产过程和生产支持。 未来的工业自动化将在很大程度上和有着开放性平台、多功能的软件系统联网。一套合适的软件包将使生产过程变得非常灵活，反应非常敏捷。 工业软件将提供操作者平台，提供从车间到企业资源规划系统的通道，甚至与英特网链接，提供源源不断的数据信息，从而进行更为灵活、
30、更为有效的综合性管理。这就叫做 “信息化管理企业 ”。 【试题解析】 本文主要讨论中国工业未来的问题。文章以美国的发展为例，对工业自动化的问题进行了深入的探讨，并展望中国工业的未来。 本文涉及工业自动化和管理等方面的专门知识， 需要应试者有相当的背景知识，这些专业化知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 2 【正确答案】 贝多芬是一个不幸的天才。他有很多不能用语言表达的深沉情感，但他找到了用音乐表达这些情
31、感的方法，从而产生了一种新的表现力极强的音乐。 贝多芬于 1770年生于德国的波恩。他的父亲是教堂唱诗班的歌手，不久就发现儿子身上的音乐天分，认为他很可能成为像莫扎特一样的 “神童 ”，为家族带来声望和财富。他逼着儿子长时间地练琴。 莫扎特的父亲很仁慈，但贝多芬的父亲却十分暴躁，经常对他动粗。他还不能正常地挣钱养家，这使得贝多芬很小就挑起了家庭的重担。贝多芬 15岁时就在教堂担任助理风琴师，挣钱养家。 他的老师和朋友对他很好，后来又有幸在波恩的歌剧院谋到乐队中提琴手的位置。在那里他接触了莫扎特的歌剧和其他作曲家的作品，并对各种乐器及其相互配合有了了解。这段经历对他日后创作音乐极其宝贵。 贝多芬
32、决定去维也纳学习 ，波恩的主教为他提供盘缠，好友也为他给维也纳的望族写了推荐信。贝多芬是个出色的钢琴演奏家，也会演奏小提琴和多种弦乐乐器。维也纳的乐迷很快就爱上了这位音乐演奏家，但对他所做的乐曲却每海报以批评，认为它太过于另类。 很快维也纳人就意识到贝多芬是一个不可多得的天才，并千方百计地把他留住。当贝多芬接到聘书要到另一个城市担任乐队指挥时，三个维也纳贵族决定联合起来付给他固定薪水。贝多芬终于留了下来，继续从事大型交响乐，协奏曲，钢琴奏鸣曲和其他音乐创作。 但是，除了献身音乐外，贝多芬活得并不幸福。他在不到 30岁时听力就开始减退，这对一个搞音乐的人来说是巨大的不幸。耳聋来的还算缓慢，使他在
33、 44岁前还能参加音乐会演出。但是，当 10年后他的伟大的第九交响乐首演时，他已经什么也听不见了。他坐在舞台上看着指挥，却把背对着观众。一个歌手帮他转过身来，使他看到了观众正在为他的宏大的作品热情地鼓掌。 贝多芬是个性情孤僻的人，他多次恋爱，但从未成家。耳聋限制他出门社交，使他变得更加孤独。但他通过音乐战胜了孤独和耳聋，在完全失聪的情况下，他依旧不断创造着他只能在心灵中才能听到的音乐，倾诉着无法用语言诉说的情感。 【试题解析】 本文主要讲述音乐巨匠贝多芬的生平。侧重讲述他的成长历程，挖掘了他的内心世界。 本文谈论的话题只需有普通的地名和音乐常识，但本文要求考查应试者在短时间内恰当理解英文结构的
34、能力和准确翻译英语术语的能力。总之，此文的翻译将显示应试者的英文口译功底。 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE
35、. Now lets begin. 3 【正确答案】 I am delighted to have the opportunity of this annual meeting of the British-Chinese Trade Association to convey my cordial greetings to friends from the British business community. Over the years, the Association has been active in supporting the development of Sino-Briti
36、sh relations and has served as a bridge of friendly exchanges and a bond of mutually-beneficial cooperation. Hereby, I wish to express my warm congratulations on the convocation of the meeting and my sincere thanks to the Association and all the friends present here for your unremitting efforts and
37、the outstanding contribution you have made in promoting Sino-British economic cooperation and trade. Since the 16th National Party Congress, we have continued to take economic development as our central task and press ahead with reform and opening-up. We have been making steady progress in all our e
38、ndeavors. Unfortunately, however, the epidemic of SARS struck parts of China all of a sudden. As it is a new type of disease and the humanity has not yet had full knowledge of it, there will be some time before we can effectively control and eventually eradicate the epidemic. The Chinese Government
39、is a highly responsible government. It has all along prioritized the health and safety of its people in its governance. Since the outbreak of the disease, we have taken a series of resolute measures to improve the mechanisms for emergency handling and social relief. We have launched throughout the c
40、ountry a decisive battle against SARS by relying on science and on our people. We know the task is enormously challenging, but we have the conviction to win the battle. In the battle against SARS, the Chinese people have won sympathy and support worldwide. Not long ago, the British Government decide
41、d to render five million US dollars worth of assistance to China. This is an embodiment of the deep friendship between our two peoples. We have a saying in China: “True friendship is seen in times of adversity“ and in English “A friend in need is a friend indeed“. The friendly gestures of the Britis
42、h side have been highly acclaimed and appreciated by the Chinese people. Britain boasts advanced medical science and technology, strong R & D capabilities and ample useful experience in the prevention and treatment of communicable diseases. We would like to enter into cooperation with you in this re
43、gard to learn from your strong points. The Chinese nation is a nation with the strength of fighting and advancing in adversities, and the Chinese government is a government that has the courage to face up to difficulties. We are deeply convinced that the Chinese people, with the support of the inter
44、national community and the unyielding efforts of their own, will surely dispel the dark clouds of the epidemic and embrace greater prosperity and development. 【试题解析】 本文是在英中贸协年会上的讲话，主要关于中国抗击 “非典 ”疫情的情况。 本文考查一些常见的致辞方式和一些医学、政治方面的常用语，因此需要应试者有相关的基本知识，在较短的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，
45、应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 4 【正确答案】 In 1986, Panchen Lama, Deputy Chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC, instructed his disciples at a grand religious ceremony in Xikang Prefecture to cherish ethnic solidarity and safeguard national unity. In China, a citizens freedom to reli
46、gious belief is protected by law. At present, there are about 14,000 monks and nuns throughout Tibet. Eight hundred religious personages work in the peoples congresses, political consultative conferences, Buddhist associations and government bodies of various levels. According to available statistic
47、s, since 1978, the central and local governments have invested more than 20 million yuan for renovating around 200 temples and monasteries and 700 worship halls. The regular religious activities of Tibetan compatriots are guaranteed. Tibetans have a long history and highly developed culture. As all
48、Tibetans are religious believers, the Tibetan culture is intertwined with religion. One notices artistic form in the religious activities and religious factors in arts. They are inseparable. 【试题解析】 本文有关西藏少数民族情况。涉及宗教与文化，文章用数字说话，很有说服力。 本文要求应试者具有政治、宗教等方面的基本知识，并能在短时间内对长难句作出反应，翻译符合英文句型的要求。应试者还应注意某些短语或单词的翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的要求。
