1、2004年在职攻硕英语联考真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a
2、single line through the center. 1 If the work _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be heavily fined. （ A） is completed （ B） to be completed （ C） will have been completed （ D） will be completed 2 Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _ our chairman
3、now. （ A） must be （ B） would have been （ C） shall be （ D） would be 3 _ pollution control measures tend to be money consuming, many industries hesitate to adopt them. （ A） Although （ B） However （ C） When （ D） Since 4 _ is often the case with a new idea, much initial activity and optimistic discussion
4、 produce no concrete proposal. （ A） It （ B） Which （ C） As （ D） That 5 According to the _ of the contract, employees must give six months notice if they intend to leave. （ A） laws （ B） rules （ C） terms （ D） details 6 All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _ in the wild.
5、 （ A） once they grew （ B） that once grew （ C） they grew once （ D） once grew 7 The _ meter can detect even a very small amount of gas in the room. （ A） sensible （ B） sensitive （ C） sensing （ D） sensed 8 Not until recent years _ a popular means of communication. （ A） e-mail became （ B） e-mail has beco
6、me （ C） did e-mail become （ D） will e-mail become 9 Mobile phones have proved to _ with flight instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety. （ A） interfere （ B） disturb （ C） interrupt （ D） trouble 10 Although there are many predictions about the future, no one knows for sure _ the world w
7、ould be like in 50 years. （ A） how （ B） that （ C） which （ D） what 11 The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to _ the investment plan within a week. （ A） work out （ B） put out （ C） make out （ D） set out 12 I was speaking to Ann on the phone about our tour plan _ suddenly we w
8、ere cut off. （ A） that （ B） while （ C） before （ D） when 13 Television will provide information on prices at the nearby shops _ news and entertainment. （ A） as many as （ B） as far as （ C） as well as （ D） as long as 14 _, the researchers cannot concentrate on that very precise experiment. （ A） With yo
9、u standing there （ B） On your standing there （ C） You are standing there （ D） You stand there 15 Jane takes an _ interest in clothes and is very particular about what she wears. （ A） exhaustive （ B） excelling （ C） executive （ D） excessive 16 She went to Europe on vacation but her happy time ended in
10、 _ when their hotel caught fire. （ A） tragedy （ B） crisis （ C） drama （ D） misfortune 17 You could become a good musician, but your lack of practice is _ you _. （ A） taking.over （ B） holding.back （ C） making.up （ D） leaving.out 18 Retail sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose 57.8% and 46.8
11、% _ last year. （ A） individually （ B） respectively （ C） correspondingly （ D） accordingly 19 The managing director took the _ for the accident, although it was not really his fault. （ A） guilt （ B） blame （ C） charge （ D） accusation 20 It is requested that all the students _ present at the meeting tom
12、orrow. （ A） were （ B） will be （ C） are （ D） be 二、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best
13、 one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 21 In ancient Greek, the term euthanatos meant “easy death“. Today euthanasia (安乐死 ) generally refers to mercy killing, the voluntary (自愿 ) ending of the life of someone who is terminally ill. Like abortion, euthana
14、sia has become a legal, medical, and moral issue over which opinion is divided. Euthanasia can be either active or passive. Active euthanasia means that a physician or other medical personnel takes an action that will result in death, such as giving an overdose of deadly medicine. Passive euthanasia
15、 means letting a patient die for lack of treatment, or stopping the treatment that has begun. Examples of passive euthanasia include taking patients off a breathing machine or removing other life-support systems. Stopping the food supply is also considered passive. A good deal of the debate about me
16、rcy killing originates from the decision-making process. Who decides whether a patient is to die? This issue has not been solved legally in the United States. The matter is left to state law, which usually allows the physician in charge to suggest the option of death to a patients relatives, especia
17、lly if the patient is brain dead. In an attempt to make decisions about when their own lives should end, several terminally ill patients in the early 1990s used a controversial suicide device, developed by Dr. Jack Kevorkian, to end their lives. In parts of Europe, the decision-making process has be
18、come very flexible. Even in cases where the patients are not brain dead, patients have been put to death without their approval at the request of relatives or at the suggestion of physicians. Many cases of passive euthanasia involve old people or newborn infants. The principle justifying this practi
19、ce is that such individuals have a “life not worthy of life“. In countries where passive euthanasia is not legal, the court systems have proved very tolerant in dealing with medical personnel who practice it. In Japan, for example, if physicians follow certain guidelines they may actively carry out
20、mercy killings on hopelessly ill people. Courts have also been somewhat tolerant of friends or relatives who have assisted terminally ill patients to die. 21 A terminally ill patient is one who _. （ A） gets worse every day （ B） can never get well again （ C） is very seriously ill in the end （ D） is t
21、oo ill to want to live on 22 The difference between active and passive euthanasia is whether _. （ A） there is an action that speeds up the death of the patient （ B） the breathing machine is taken off the patient （ C） an overdose of deadly medicine is used （ D） the patient is denied food supply 23 Ac
22、cording to the passage, who has/have the legal responsibility to decide on euthanasia? （ A） The national or state government. （ B） The patients relatives. （ C） Physicians in charge of the patient. （ D） The answer varies from country to country. 24 The principle justifying passive euthanasia in Europ
23、e is that terminally ill patients are _. （ A） living a life without consciousness （ B） living a life that can hardly be called life （ C） too old or too weak to live on （ D） too old or too young to approve of euthanasia 25 The attitude of the writer toward euthanasia is _. （ A） negative （ B） positive
24、 （ C） objective （ D） casual 26 Next week, as millions of families gather for their Thanksgiving (感恩节 ) feasts, many other Americans will go without. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, more than 12 million households lack enough food for everyone in their family at some time du
25、ring the year including holidays. Hunger is surprisingly widespread in our country one of the worlds wealthiest yet the government estimates that we waste almost 100 billion pounds of food each year, more than one-quarter of our total supply. Reducing this improper distribution of resources is a goa
26、l of Americas Second Harvest, the nations largest domestic hunger-relief organization. Last year, it distributed nearly 2 billon pounds of food to more than 23 million people in need. Americas Second Harvest is a network of 214 inter-connected food banks and other organizations that gather food from
27、 growers, processors, grocery stores and restaurants. In turn, the network distributes food to some 50,000 soup kitchens, homeless shelters and old peoples centers in every county of every state. A great deal of work is involved in distributing tons of food from thousands of donors (捐赠者 ) to hundred
28、s of small, nonprofit organizations. Until a few years ago, Americas Second Harvest lacked any effective way to manage their inventory. Without accurate and timely information, soup kitchens were sometimes empty while food was left to spoil in loading places. In 2000, Americas Second Harvest began t
29、o use a new inventory and financial-management system Ceres. It is software designed specifically for hunger-relief operations. It is used by more than 100 Americas Second Harvest organizations to track food from donation to distribution. Ceres has helped reduce the spoiling of food and improve dist
30、ribution. An evaluation found that the software streamlined food banks operations by 23 percent in the first year alone. With more accurate and timely reports, Ceres saves time, flees staff members to focus on finding new donors, and promises more efficient use of donations. Hunger in America remain
31、s a troubling social problem. Technology alone cannot solve it. But in the hands of organizations such as Americas Second Harvest, it is a powerful tool that is helping to make a difference and helping more Americans to join in the feast. 26 According to the passage, the total supply of food in Amer
32、ica every year reaches _. （ A） 12 million pounds （ B） more than 12 million pounds （ C） almost 100 billion pounds （ D） about 400 billion pounds 27 By “this improper distribution of resources“ in Paragraph 3, the writer means that many Americans lack enough food while _. （ A） their country is one of t
33、he richest in the world （ B） much food is left to spoil （ C） others waste too much food （ D） others consume too much food 28 A problem for Americas Second Harvest a few years ago was that _. （ A） it did not get enough food from donors （ B） it did not have a large enough network （ C） it did not have
34、enough soup kitchens （ D） it did not have a good way to manage its food stock 29 With Ceres, Americas Second Harvest is now able to _. （ A） enlarge its network （ B） prevent food from spoiling （ C） give out food more efficiently. （ D） solve the hunger problem in the country 30 The main idea of the pa
35、ssage is that _. （ A） technology can help in the fight against hunger （ B） Americas Second Harvest has found more donors （ C） Americas Second Harvest promotes the development of technology （ D） hunger is a problem even in the wealthiest country in the world 31 The differences in living standards aro
36、und the world are vast In 1993, the average American had an income of about 25,000. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned. 1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life. Changes i
37、n living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost of living). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even more rapid. In Japan,
38、 for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years. What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly simple. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable
39、 to differences in countries productivity hat is, the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a workers time. In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living; in nations where workers are less p
40、roductive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth rate of a nations productivity determines the growth rate of its average income. The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reaching. If productivity
41、is the primary determinant of living standards, other explanations must be of secondary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is t
42、heir rising productivity. The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. To improve living sta
43、ndards, policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology. 31 Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history? （ A） Mexico. （ B）
44、 The United States. （ C） Japan. （ D） South Korea. 32 The word “meager“ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to“ _ “. （ A） modest （ B） poor （ C） meaningless （ D） plentiful 33 What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people? （ A） Labor unions. （
45、B） Minimum-wage laws. （ C） Rising productivity. （ D） Favorable public policy. 34 The study of the relationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that _. （ A） it calls policymakers attention to a qualified work force （ B） it encourages workers to get better education （ C） it
46、 helps improve the workers ability to produce goods and services （ D） it enables policymakers to access the latest technology 35 The passage mainly discusses _. （ A） the differences in average income among countries （ B） the relationship between productivity and living standards （ C） the causes of t
47、he rise in living standards （ D） the importance of raising productivity 36 Not so long ago almost any student who successfully completed a university degree could find a good career quite easily. Companies toured the academic institutions, competing with each other to select graduates. However, thos
48、e days are gone, even in Hong Kong, and nowadays graduates often face strong competition in the search for jobs. Most careers organizations highlight three stages for graduates to follow in the process of securing a suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available jobs and present
49、ing them well to possible employers. Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their own abilities. One area of assessment should be of their academic qualifications, which would include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own personal values and attitudes. An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills, or s
