1、2007年职称英语（理工类） B级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I have been trying to quit smoking. （ A） give up （ B） pick up （ C） build up （ D） take up 2 Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. （ A） moved （ B） touched （ C） surprised （ D） worried 3
2、 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） title （ D） topic 4 This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language. （ A） particular （ B） characteristic （ C） remarkable （ D） idiomatic 5 It is virtually impossible to persuade him
3、to apply for the job. （ A） simply （ B） almost （ C） totally （ D） completely 6 These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears. （ A） stem （ B） rely （ C） develop （ D） grow 7 Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others. （ A） easy （ B） possible （ C）
4、 likely （ D） difficult 8 They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days. （ A） possibility （ B） necessity （ C） ability （ D） probability 9 We have never seen such gorgeous hills. （ A） beautiful （ B） stretching （ C） spreading （ D） rolling 10 The leaves have been swept into huge heaps. （ A）
5、 loads （ B） layers （ C） pyramids （ D） piles 11 The news will horrify everyone. （ A） attract （ B） terrify （ C） tempt （ D） excite 12 The article sketched the major events of the decade. （ A） described （ B） offered （ C） outlined （ D） presented 13 I wont tolerate that kind of behavior. （ A） bear （ B） re
6、ceive （ C） admit （ D） take 14 Their style of playing football is utterly different. （ A） barely （ B） scarcely （ C） hardly （ D） totally 15 Her sister urged her to apply for the job. （ A） advised （ B） caused （ C） forced （ D） promised 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句
7、提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Black Holes Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体 ). Astronomers (天文学家 )think that at the center
8、 of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的 )density (稠密 ). This single point is called a singularity (奇点 ). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole
9、would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity. Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons. - No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are i
10、nvisible to a telescope. - In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon(视界 )only 18 miles across. - The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion
11、(万亿 )miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance. In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. 16 Blac
12、k holes are part of space. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Black holes exist but are difficult to observe. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The center of a black hole is empty. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity. （ A）
13、 Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The sun is the heaviest star in the universe. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand th
14、e nature of the universe. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Memory Test 1 “I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything yo
15、u need to know at school, “promised lecturer Ian Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren. He slapped his hand down on the table. “When Ive finished in two hours time, your work will be far more effective and productive. Anyone not interested, leave now. “The entire room sat still. 2 Robinson calls hims
16、elf the Mind Magician (魔术师 ). He specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally impossible, and then he reveals that they involve nothing more mysterious than good old-fashioned trickery (骗术 ). “I have always been interested in tricks involving memory-being able to reel off (一口气说出 ) the order o
17、f cards in a pack, that sort of thing, “he explains. 3 Robinson was already lecturing to schools on his magic techniques when it struck him that students might find memory techniques even more valuable. “It wasnt difficult area to move inot, as the stuffs all there in books. “So he summarized everyt
18、hing to make a two-hour lecture about five techniques. 4 “You want to learn a list of a hundred things? A thousand? No problem, “says Robinson. The scandal is that every child is not taught the techniques from the beginning of their school life. The schoolchildren who were watching him thought it wa
19、s brilliant. “I wish Id been told this earlier, “commented Mark, after Robinson had shown them how to construct “mental journeys“. 5 Essentially, you visualize (想象 ) a walk down a street, or a trip round a room, and pick the points where you will put the things you want to remember-the lamppost, the
20、 fruit bowl. Then in each location you put a visual representation of your list-phrasal verbs, historical dates, whatever-making them as strange as possible. It is that simple, and it works. 6 The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic. “The pupils benefited enormously from Ians present
21、ation, “says Dr Johnston, head of the school where Robinson was speaking. “Ideally we should run a regular class in memory techniques so pupils can pick it up gradually. “ 23 A. Good results B. An ancient skill C. Gaining attention D. Memory tricks E. A lecture on memory techniques F. Ways to improv
22、e memory 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A. books B. lecture C. tricks D. facts E. memory F. list 27 The memory techniques used are no more complex than the old _. 28 Robinson taught children to use “mental journeys“ to improve _. 29 Robinson told the pupils th
23、at all the memory techniques could be found in _. 30 The schoolchildren got a lot from the magicians _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Renewable Energy Sources Today petroleum (石油 )provides around 40% of the worlds energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Co
24、al is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel (矿物燃料 ). Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century
25、either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. “Renewable“ refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced. Hydroelectric (水力发电的 )
26、power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around 20% of world electricity. Chinas Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever. At five times the size of the USs Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines (涡轮机 )will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3% o
27、f Chinas entire electricity demand. In 2003, the first commercial power station to use tidal (潮汐的 )currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill (风车 ), but others take the form of turbines. As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity genera
28、tion-quadrupling (翻两番 )worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the worlds entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at
29、 spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally harmless-they can interfere with radar, alter climate and kill sea birds. Scotland is building Europes largest wind farm, which will power 200, 000 homes. The UKs goal is to generate one-fifth of power fro
30、m renewable sources, mainly wind, by 2020. But this may cause problems, because wind is unreliable. 31 According to the passage, which of the following is the most polluting energy resource? （ A） Petroleum. （ B） Coal. （ C） Natural gas （ D） Water. 32 Chinas Three Gorges Dam （ A） is the first hydroele
31、ctric dam in the world. （ B） is of the same size as the USs Hoover Dam. （ C） can generate around 3% of world electricity. （ D） is the largest hydroelectric dam in the world. 33 Which country took the lead in making use of tidal currents to produce power in 2003? （ A） The UK. （ B） China. （ C） Norway.
32、 （ D） The US. 34 One of the problems with wind farms is that （ A） there is not enough wind. （ B） wind is not reliable. （ C） they can only be built on the sea. （ D） they might influence the world economy. 35 According to the passage, resources like wind are （ A） renewable. （ B） recyclable. （ C） damag
33、ing. （ D） scarce. 36 Hurricane(飓风 )Katrina A hurricane is a fiercely powerful, rotating(旋转的 )form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low
34、pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime, one of these can release as much energy as 10, 000 nuclear bombs. The seed for hurricane formation is a cluster(聚集 )of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form a
35、nd be fed when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27 and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern part of the world. Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate(蒸发 )and condense(冷凝 )into clouds and rain-releasing heat i
36、n the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane. When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise, it causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more
37、 moist air from the sea surface in a process that strengthens the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm. Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, these mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions, or low air pressu
38、re. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90, 000 square miles in its wake(尾迹 )-almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more than
39、 half a million people have become homeless in a humanitarian(人道主义的 )crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the Great Depression. The cost of the damage may top $100 billion. 36 The eye of a hurricane refers to its （ A） lower part. （ B） rotating part. （ C） calm central part. （ D） most violent pa
40、rt. 37 Which of the following is NOT a “requirement“ for the formation of a hurricane? （ A） Calm surrounding atmosphere. （ B） High air pressure. （ C） Warm sea-surface temperature. （ D） A group of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. 38 When the warm air from the sea surface begins to rise, it （
41、A） creates an area of low pressure. （ B） supplies cold air to the eye of a hurricane. （ C） increases the sea-surface temperature. （ D） strengthens the rotation of the earth. 39 The word “impact“ (paragraph 5)could be best replaced by （ A） function. （ B） pressure. （ C） disaster. （ D） effect. 40 Which
42、 of the following is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph? （ A） The area affected is almost as big as the UK. （ B） It has left a disaster zone of 90, 000 square miles. （ C） Over half a million people have been forced to leave their homes. （ D） This crisis is more serious tha
43、n that of the Great Depression. 41 Trying to Find a Parther One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to
44、 start and sustain intimate relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security
45、 or status. A man doesnt expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence. In theory, finding a part
46、ner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soulmate (心上人 ) was constrained(限制 ) by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit, many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can app
47、roach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蛎 ), you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl. But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint: the tyranny of choice. The expectations of
48、partners are inflated(提高 ) to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression. We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isnt, it is disposable. We work to protect ourselves against future hearta
49、che and dont put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Of course, this is complicated by realities. The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership. 41 What does the recent poll show? （ A） It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband. （ B） It is getting increasingly difficult to start a family. （ C） It is getting more difficult
