1、2007年职称英语（理工类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 At midnight, we were aroused by a knock at the door. （ A） irritated （ B） awakened （ C） arisen （ D） annoyed 2 She was awarded a prize for the film. （ A） given （ B） rewarded （ C） sent （ D） rem
2、inded 3 Smoking will be banned in all public places here. （ A） forbidden （ B） allowed （ C） permitted （ D） promoted 4 That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. （ A） strange （ B） special （ C） quiet （ D） boring 5 She is a highly successful teacher. （ A） fairly （ B） rather （ C） very （ D） moderately 6 We s
3、hould not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth. （ A） reduce （ B） promote （ C） realize （ D） give 7 There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor. （ A） conflict （ B） tension （ C） gulf （ D） confrontation 8 I am very grateful to you for your assistance. （ A） helpful （ B）
4、hopeful （ C） pitiful （ D） thankful 9 You will be meeting her presently. （ A） shortly （ B） currently （ C） lately （ D） probably 10 Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. （ A） displayed （ B） shown （ C） changed （ D） demonstrated 11 I have been trying to quit smoking. （ A） give up （ B）
5、 pick up （ C） build up （ D） take up 12 Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. （ A） moved （ B） touched （ C） surprised （ D） worried 13 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） title （ D） topic 14 This is not typical of English, but is a featu
6、re of the Chinese language. （ A） particular （ B） characteristic （ C） remarkable （ D） idiomatic 15 It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. （ A） simply （ B） almost （ C） totally （ D） completely 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如
7、果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Black Holes Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体 ). Astronomers(天文学家 )think that at the center of a black hole
8、there is a single point in space with infinite(无限的 )density(稠密 ). This single point is called a singularity (奇点 ). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be
9、 a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity. Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons. - No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a teles
10、cope. - In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon(视界 )only 18 miles across. - The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion(万亿 )miles. Even th
11、e most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance. In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. 16 Black holes are part of
12、 space. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Black holes exist but are difficult to observe. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The center of a black hole is empty. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （
13、 C） Not mentioned 20 The sun is the heaviest star in the universe. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the uni
14、verse. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Unlocking the Human Genome(基因组 ) 1 A project to unlock secrets-what scientist could resist that challenge? This is wh
15、at many scientists are doing as they work on the Human Genome Project. The aim of the project is to decode(破译 )all of the some 100, 000 genes in the human body. Scientists are using DNA fingerprinting techniques to do the decoding. 2 DNA is the substance found in the chromosomes(染色体 )of a cell. A ch
16、romosome is a chain of genes. Each gene carries a piece of genetic information. At any one moment in a cell, thousands of genes are turned on and off to produce proteins(蛋白质 ). The challenge for scientists is to find out what role each gene plays in protein production. At some point this decoding wi
17、ll be complete. Then scientists will have a map of an ideal genome, or a picture of the total genetic nature of a human being. The ideal genome is called a consensus(交感 )genome. Everything works well in a consensus genome. 3 But no one in the world has a consensus genome. Everyones genome is differe
18、nt from the ideal. These differences are referred to as genetic mutations(突变 ). Genetic mutations in a persons genome mean that the person has a greater than average chance of suffering from health problems. Some problems are not life-threatening. These would include things like colorblindness, or m
19、ild headaches. Other problems are serious, such as heart disease, or cancer. 4 It will take years to identify the role of each of the 100, 000 genes, The short-term goal of the project is to find the physical and mental health problems a person is likely to encounter during his or her lifetime. The
20、long-term goal is to have each person live a longer, healthier life. 23 A. How does DNA work? B. What is the Human Genome Project about? C. How are the DNA samples collected? D. What are the goals of the Human Genome Project? E. What is the role of each gene? F. What are the consequences of genetic
21、mutations? 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Paragraph 2 _ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4 _ 27 A. that persons health B. a scientific answer C. scientific researchers D. the genes E. the function F. the size 27 The Human Genome Project is trying to map all that make us human _. 28 Decoding the human genome is a
22、challenge to _. 29 Genetic mutations in a persons genome may affect _. 30 Scientists are trying hard to discover _of each of the genes in our body. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Motoring Technology 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a fur
23、ther 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Travelling at speed has always been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-ca
24、r assistants. They can ensure you dont miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults. Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “sees through“ big vehicles blocking your view. And
25、improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏 )controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape. But whatever is in the fuel tank, you dont want a thief in the driving seat and there have been man
26、y innovations(创新 ). Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed
27、 using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyones personal chauffeur(司机 ), but their latest efforts suggest that wont be soon. 31 To reduce car crash rate, many scientists are working hard to （ A） design fully automatic
28、cars. （ B） develop faster electric vehicles. （ C） analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year. （ D） improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels. 32 According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen due to （ A） heavy traffic. （ B） human mistakes. （ C） engine failure. （ D） bad w
29、eather. 33 Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision. （ B） Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog. （ C） Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles. （ D） Improvements in seat
30、belts, pedal controls and tyres. 34 Satellite tracking and remote communication systems can be used to （ A） reduce oil consumption. （ B） remove the obstacles on the road. （ C） call for help when ones car crashes. （ D） help drivers get out of a traffic jam. 35 Which of the following statements is tru
31、e of robotic drivers? （ A） It will take some time before robotic drivers are available. （ B） Robotic drivers are not allowed to drive on busy roads. （ C） Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers. （ D） Robotic drivers are too expensive to use. 36 Good Table Manners Manners play an important pa
32、rt in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules: Napkin(餐巾 )use The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin, or in half, lengthwise(纵向地
33、 ), if it is a large dinner napkin. If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over, place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it. Use a napkin on
34、ly for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead. Use of utensils(餐具 ) Start with the knife, fork or spoon furthest from your plate, and work your way in, using one utensil for each course. If soup is served, remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put
35、the entire soup spoon in your mouth. Instead, fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup, and sip(啜饮 )it from the side noiselessly. After finishing dinner, place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate. Using your fingers Her
36、es a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers. Chew(咀嚼 )with your mouth closed and dont make noise; dont talk with your mouth full. Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife. Dont pick someth
37、ing out of your teeth. Instead, excuse yourself to the bathroom. If possible, try not to cough at the table. Do not put your elbows(肘 )on the table. In France, it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time. Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eat
38、en should be put on your plate. 36 Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal? （ A） On your chair. （ B） On the table. （ C） On your lap. （ D） On your plate. 37 The napkin is used only for （ A） your forehead. （ B） your mouth. （ C） your nose. （ D） your face. 38 Which utensil is used first? （ A
39、） The knife. （ B） The fork. （ C） The spoon. （ D） The one farthest from the plate. 39 All of the following are finger foods except （ A） soup. （ B） sandwiches. （ C） cookies. （ D） hamburgers. 40 Which of the following shows good table manners? （ A） Talking with your mouth full. （ B） Putting bones on yo
40、ur plate. （ C） Putting your elbows on the table. （ D） Chewing with your month open. 41 Renewable Energy Sources Today petroleum(石油 )provides around 40% of the worlds energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but
41、 it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel(矿物燃料 ). Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. L
42、ess-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. “Renewable“ refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced. Hydroelectric(水力发电的 )power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around 20% of world electr
43、icity. Chinas Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever. At five times the size of the USs Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines(涡轮机 )will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3% of Chinas entire electricity demand. In 2003, the first commercial power station to use tidal
44、(潮汐的 )currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill(风车 ), but others take the form of turbines. As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling(翻两番 )worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms consist of turbines t
45、hat generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the worlds entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally
46、harmless-they can interfere with radar, alter climate and kill sea birds. Scotland is building Europes largest wind farm, which will power 200, 000 homes. The UKs goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources, mainly wind, by 2020. But this may cause problems, because wind is unrelia
47、ble. 41 According to the passage, which of the following is the most polluting energy resource? （ A） Petroleum. （ B） Coal. （ C） Natural gas （ D） Water. 42 Chinas Three Gorges Dam （ A） is the first hydroelectric dam in the world. （ B） is of the same size as the USs Hoover Dam. （ C） can generate aroun
48、d 3% of world electricity. （ D） is the largest hydroelectric dam in the world. 43 Which country took the lead in making use of tidal currents to produce power in 2003? （ A） The UK. （ B） China. （ C） Norway. （ D） The US. 44 One of the problems with wind farms is that （ A） there is not enough wind. （ B
49、） wind is not reliable. （ C） they can only be built on the sea. （ D） they might influence the world economy. 45 According to the passage, resources like wind are （ A） renewable. （ B） recyclable. （ C） damaging. （ D） scarce. 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 46 Farmers Markets Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle. The 23-year-old British farmer
