1、2008年职称英语（理工类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Well give every teacher room for development. （ A） place （ B） employment （ C） space （ D） house 2 The policeman asked him to identify the thief. （ A） name （ B） describe （ C） capture （ D） call
2、 3 We were all there when the accident occurred. （ A） happened （ B） broke （ C） spread （ D） appeared 4 It took me exactly a week to complete the work. （ A） start （ B） achieve （ C） improve （ D） finish 5 The herb medicine eventually cured her disease. （ A） nicely （ B） apparently （ C） finally （ D） natur
3、ally 6 This new policy has led to a dramatic increase in production. （ A） minor （ B） striking （ C） fixed （ D） modest 7 Poor schooling was the root of the unemployment problem. （ A） base （ B） result （ C） cause （ D） force 8 John survives on 100 pounds a month. （ A） puts （ B） lives （ C） borrows （ D） sp
4、ends 9 Ones economic condition often affects his or her way of life. （ A） determines （ B） shows （ C） influences （ D） confines 10 If you want to keep healthy, you should vary the foods you eat. （ A） reject （ B） accept （ C） change （ D） choose 11 She found me very dull. （ A） dirty （ B） sleepy （ C） lazy
5、 （ D） boring 12 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. （ A） short （ B） working （ C） formal （ D） secret 13 He was persuaded to give up the idea. （ A） mention （ B） accept （ C） consider （ D） drop 14 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. （ A） eats （ B） drinks （ C） buys （ D） produces 15 Mary just
6、told us a very fascinating story. （ A） strange （ B） frightening （ C） difficult （ D） interesting 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 The Need to Remember Some people say they have no memory at all: “I just cant
7、remember a thing!“ But of course we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps us to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past. In fact we have different types of memory, For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such
8、a strong visual memory, they can remember exactly what they have seen, for example, pages of a book, as a complete picture. Our verbal (言语的 ) memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, or a recipe. With o
9、ur emotional (情感的 ) memory, we recall situations or places where we had strong feelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound, and for performing physical movements. We have two ways of storing any of these memories. Our short-term memo
10、ry stores items for up to thirty seconds - enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime. Older people in fact have a much better long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago,
11、 but have the clearest remembrance (记忆 ) of when they were very young. Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline of a story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to rem
12、ember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past - or maybe victims needing sympathy (同情 ). 16 Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Visual memory may be used when we read a story. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentione
13、d 18 Verbal memory helps us road words we have never heard. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Animals do not have a long-term memory. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Long-te
14、rm memory is more important than short-term memory. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Generally we remember only a few facts about the past. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从
15、所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 What Do Dreams Tell Us? 1 Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man for thousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian and is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought th
16、at people who were iii could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant, and then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, and if she
17、 dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (预言 ) the future. 2 We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. The events are usually ver
18、y recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hand, our wishes, hopes and fears, may go back many years, even to early childhood. 3 In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly ma
19、y be shown indirectly. For example, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean net that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, and maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actor in a play. The play is about to start, but you have co
20、mpletely forgotten your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, and you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult for you to solve. 4 Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us.
21、Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious and restless. And when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make up for the lost “dream time“. 23 A. Stucture and interpretation of a dream B. Anc
22、ient views on dreams C. Babies dream less than older children D. Dreaming may be good for our health E. Dreams cannot foretell the future F. Healthy people do not dream 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Paragraph 2 _ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4 _ 27 A. power B. quiet and happy C. events D. experiments E. dise
23、ases F. worried and nervous 27 The ancient Greeks believed that their _ could be cured by telling their dreams. 28 Most scientists believe that dreams have something to do with _ in our daily life. 29 If you dream of driving a large car, it could mean that you want _ 30 When people are not allowed t
24、o dream during sleep, they become _ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 The Hyper-X The Hyper-X (超音速飞机 ) recently broke the record for air-breathing jet planes when it traveled at a Hypersonic speed (超音速 ) of seven times the speed of sound. Thats about 5,000 miles
25、per hour: At this speed, youd get around the world -flying along the equator (赤道 ) - in less than 5 hours. The Hyper-X is an unmanned, experimental aircraft just 12 feet long. It achieves hypersonic speed using a special sort of engine known as a scramjet (超音速冲压式喷气发动机 ). For an engine to burn fuel a
26、nd produce energy, it needs oxygen. A jet engine, like those on passenger airplanes, gets oxygen from the air. A rocket engine typically goes faster but has to carry its own supply of oxygen. A scramjet engine goes as fast as a rocket, but it doesnt have to carry its own oxygen supply. A scramjets s
27、pecial design allows it to obtain oxygen from the air that flows through the engine. And it does so without letting the fast-moving air put out the combustion (燃烧 ) flames. However, a scramjet engine works properly only at speeds greater than five times the speed of sound. A booster rocket (助推火箭 ) c
28、arried the Hyper-X to an altitude of about 100,000 feet for its test flight. The aircrafts record-beating flight lasted just 11 seconds. That brief journey on March 27 makes a major milestone on the way to a new breed of very fast airplanes, says Werner J. A. Dahm of the University of Michigan in An
29、n Arbor. In the future, engineers predict, airplanes equipped with scramjet engines could transport cargo quickly and cheaply to the brink (边缘 ) of space. Such hypersonic jets could carry passengers anywhere in the world in just a few hours. Out of the three experimental Hyper-X aircrafts built for
30、NASA, only one is now left. The agency has plans for another 11-second hypersonic flight, this time at 10 times the speed of sound. 31 The Hyper-X broke the record because （ A） it was the first air-breathing jet plane. （ B） it flew along the equator. （ C） it traveled at the speed of sound. （ D） it r
31、eached a speed of about 5,000 miles per hour. 32 What kind of engine did the Hyper-X use? （ A） A jet engine that carries its own oxygen supply. （ B） A jet engine that uses no oxygen. （ C） A scramjet engine that doesnt carry its own oxygen supply. （ D） A rocket engine that carries its own oxygen supp
32、ly. 33 Which of the following is NOT true of the scramjet engine? （ A） It has been used on passenger planes. （ B） The air it breathes does not put out the combustion flames. （ C） It works at speeds greater than five times the speed of sound. （ D） It goes as fast as a rocket. 34 What does Werner J, A
33、. Dahm say about the Hyper-X test flight? （ A） It was unsuccessful because it lasted only 11 seconds. （ B） It is a very important event in developing very fast airplanes. （ C） It allows people to fly at an altitude of 100,000 feet. （ D） It can transport cargo quickly and cheaply to outer space. 35 W
34、hat does NASA plan to do? （ A） To build one more Hyper-X aircraft. （ B） To carry out three more Hyper-X experiments. （ C） To make the aircraft fly higher and longer. （ D） To test another hypersonic flight at 10 times the speed of sound. 36 Stop Eating Too Much “Clean your plate!“ and “Be a member of
35、 the clean-plate club!“ Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿 ) in Africa! “ Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many
36、bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate“, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子 ). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the gover
37、nment, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition (营养 ) professor at Pennsylvania State University, tol
38、d USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline (腰围 ) began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade
39、magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large
40、portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least 150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than 25,000 want smaller. Its not that working class Americans dont want to eat healthy. Its just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their p
41、late hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票 ) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next years Christmas presents. 36 Parents in the United States tend to ask their children （ A） to save food for tomorrow. （ B） to wash the dishes. （ C） not to waste food. （ D） not to eat
42、 too much. 37 Why do American restaurants serve large portions? （ A） Because Americans associate quantity with value. （ B） Because Americans have big bellies. （ C） Because Americans are good eaters. （ D） Because Americans are too weak. 38 What happened in the 1970s? （ A） The US government called on
43、its people to reduce their weight. （ B） Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions. （ C） The United States produced more grain than needed. （ D） The American waistline started to expand. 39 What does the survey indicate? （ A） Many low-income Americans want large portions. （ B） Tw
44、enty percent of Americans want smaller portions. （ C） Fifty-seven percent of Americans want large portions. （ D） Forty-five percent of Americans want smaller portions. 40 Which of the following is NOT true of working class Americans? （ A） They work long hours. （ B） They live from paycheck to paychec
45、k. （ C） They dont want to be healthy eaters. （ D） They want to save money for presents. 41 Sunspots Its not surprising that sunspots (太阳黑子 ) were observed by ancient astronomers (天文学家 ). The largest sunspots on the sun can be seen without a telescope. It was not until the invention of the telescope
46、(望 远镜 ) in the early 17th century, however, that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertaken. The great astronomer Galileo was among the first to make telescopic observations of sunspots. Sunspots are regions of extremely strong magnetic fields (磁场 ) found on the suns surface. A sunspot has a
47、 dark central core known as the umbra. The umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra, where the magnetic field, spreads outward. Sunspots appear dark because they are giving off less radiation. They are cooler than the rest of the suns surface. Sunspots are frequently observed in pairs
48、or in paired groups. The members of a spot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spot. They are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direction in which the sun rotates (旋转 ). The number of sunspots at any one time varies. A large spot group may consist of as m
49、any as 10 groups and 300 spots across the sun. The number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cycle. The largest number occurs about every 11 years. At sunspot minimum, there are at most just a few small spots. The average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation, which is about 25 days. The most persistent large spots, however, can survive for two to three months. 41 Careful observati
