1、2008年职称英语（综合类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Well give every teacher room for development. （ A） place （ B） employment （ C） space （ D） house 2 The policeman asked him to identify the thief. （ A） name （ B） describe （ C） capture （ D） call
2、 3 We were all there when the accident occurred. （ A） happened （ B） broke （ C） spread （ D） appeared 4 It took me exactly a week to complete the work. （ A） start （ B） achieve （ C） improve （ D） finish 5 The herb medicine eventually cured her disease. （ A） nicely （ B） apparently （ C） finally （ D） natur
3、ally 6 This new policy has led to a dramatic increase in production. （ A） minor （ B） striking （ C） fixed （ D） modest 7 Poor schooling was the root of the unemployment problem. （ A） base （ B） result （ C） cause （ D） force 8 John survives on 100 pounds a month. （ A） puts （ B） lives （ C） borrows （ D） sp
4、ends 9 Ones economic condition often affects his or her way of life. （ A） determines （ B） shows （ C） influences （ D） confines 10 If you want to keep healthy, you should vary the foods you eat. （ A） reject （ B） accept （ C） change （ D） choose 11 She found me very dull. （ A） dirty （ B） sleepy （ C） lazy
5、 （ D） boring 12 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. （ A） short （ B） working （ C） formal （ D） secret 13 He was persuaded to give up the idea. （ A） mention （ B） accept （ C） consider （ D） drop 14 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. （ A） eats （ B） drinks （ C） buys （ D） produces 15 Mary just
6、told us a very fascinating story. （ A） strange （ B） frightening （ C） difficult （ D） interesting 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Petitions Petitions (请愿 /书 ) have long been a part of British political life.
7、Anyone who wanted to change something would get a list of signatures from people who agreed to the idea and either send them to the government or deliver them personally to the Prime Ministers house in London. They are always accepted at the door by one of the PMs officials. What happens then? Nothi
8、ng much, usually. But petitions have always been thought of as a useful way for those who govern to find out what the people really think. Thats why the UK government launched its “e-petition“ site in November 2006 . Instead of physically collecting signatures, all anyone with an idea has to de now
9、is to make a proposal on the government website, and anyone who supports the idea is free to add his or her signature. The petitions soon started to flow in. The idea was for the British people to express their constructive ideas. Many chose instead to express their sense of humor. One petitioner ca
10、lled on Tony Blair to “stop the Deputy Prime Minister eating so much“. Another wanted to expel (驱逐 ) Scotland from the United Kingdom because Scottish football fans never support England in the World Cup. Other petitioners called on the Prime Minister to abolish the monarchy. Some wanted to give it
11、more power. Some wanted to oppose the United States. Others wanted to leave the European Union. Some wanted to send more troops to Iraq and others wanted them all brought home. Some wanted to adopt the euro (欧元 ). Others wanted to keep the pound. Yet if some petitions are not serious, others present
12、 a direct challenge to government policy. A petition calling on the government to drop plans to charge drivers for using roads has already drawn around 1.8 million signatures. In response to that, a rival petition has been posted in support of road pricing. And that is also rapidly growing. There ar
13、e about 60 million people in Britain, so it is understandable that the government wants to find out what people are thinking. But the problem with the e-petition site seems to be that the British people have about 70 million opinions, and want the Prime Minister to hear all of them. Perhaps he could
14、 start a petition asking everyone to just shut up for a while. 16 A petition needs to be signed. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The Prime Minister reads petitions every day. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 A petition has to be mailed to the Prime Ministers house in London. （
15、 A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Petitions have been taken to be one of the ways for the British people to express their ideas. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 No other governments have launched their e-petition sites. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 All petitions a
16、re serious. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 It is impossible for the Prime Minister to hear all of the opinions. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题 要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 2
17、3 Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution 1 A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power plant disaster. The report was published by the UKs Royal Commission o
18、n Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? Quite a lot, it turns out. 2 Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution sour
19、ce - exhaust fumes (废气 ). Also dont walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward (顶风的 ) side of the street where exposure of pollutants (污染物 ) can be 50 percent less than on the downwind (顺风的 ) side. 3 Sitting on the drivers side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting
20、on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker (双层电车 ) can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic (有毒的 ) than that at street level, bec
21、ause underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles (粒子 ) thrown up by wheels hitting the rails, while diesel (柴油机 ) and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants. 4 When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb (路缘 ) while you wait for the light to change. Every meter
22、really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly. 5 There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution leve
23、ls fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants. 23 A. Where you stand while waiting to
24、cross a road B. Where you walk C. Where you sit on a bus and how you travel D. When you go to bed E. When pollution levels rise and fall F. When you get up 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A. during rush hours B. in spring and autumn C. to toxic air D. between a
25、utumn and winter E. as exposure to nuclear radiation F. on the downwind side 27 Air pollution can be as harmful to ones health _. 28 Traveling on an underground train can reduce exposure_. 29 Pollution levels are lower_. 30 Its wise to stay away from heavy traffic_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每 题 3分，共 45分 )
26、下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Stop Eating Too Much “Clean your plate!“ and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!“ Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿 ) in Africa!“ Sure,
27、 we should be grateful for every bite of food Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate“, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子 ), A waiter puts a pl
28、ate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather
29、than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition (营养 ) professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline (腰围 ) began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller p
30、ortions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer
31、 look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller. Its not that working class Americans do
32、nt want to eat healthy. Its just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票 ) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next years Christmas presents. 31 Parents in the United States tend to ask their childr
33、en （ A） to save food for tomorrow. （ B） to wash the dishes. （ C） not to waste food. （ D） not to eat too much. 32 Why do American restaurants serve large portions? （ A） Because Americans associate quantity with value. （ B） Because Americans have big bellies. （ C） Because Americans are good eaters. （
34、D） Because Americans are too weak. 33 What happened in the 1970s? （ A） The US government called on its people to reduce their weight. （ B） Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions. （ C） The United States produced more grain than needed. （ D） The American waistline started to ex
35、pand. 34 What does the survey indicate? （ A） Many low-income Americans want large portions. （ B） Twenty percent of Americans want smaller portions. （ C） Fifty-seven percent of Americans want large portions. （ D） Forty-five percent of Americans want smaller portions. 35 Which of the following is NOT
36、true of working class Americans? （ A） They work long hours. （ B） They live from paycheck to paycheck. （ C） They dont want to be healthy eaters. （ D） They want to save money for presents. 36 A New Immigration Bill The US Senate is considering a new immigration bill. It will value the economic promise
37、 of immigrants over family ties when considering US residency and citizenship. The legislation, which was proposed by President Bush and a group of senators, contains a point system. The proposal aims to increase the number of immigrants with graduate degrees, earnings or job skills. The proposed po
38、int system would use a 100-point scale. According to a draft of the law, merit applicants could earn up to 47 points for things like occupation, or years of work for a US firm. They could earn up to 28 points for their education, 15 points for English and US civics (公民学 ), and 10 points for family t
39、ies. The system has stirred up debate. Critics on the left say it opposes family unity and American values. Critics on the right complain that it does not reflect the needs of high-tech employers. The current kinship (血缘关系 )-based system puts pressure on the US, as it attracts low-skill workers who
40、consume more public services than they pay back in taxes. It allows a variety of uneducated people in from Mexico and Central America. The immigration bill would allow eight years to clear the current backlog (积压 ) of application for a permanent resident card, or green card. After that, only the chi
41、ldren and spouses (配偶 ) of legal immigrants would be able to apply for family visas. Adult children, siblings (兄弟姐妹 ), parents, and other relatives would have to apply in the general queue (排队 ). Under the proposal, immigrants from Asian countries would likely fare well (很 有利 ). For instance, over h
42、alf of recent immigrants from China and India have a bachelors (学士的 ) or higher degree. Immigrants from Latin American countries would likely face more difficulties. Immigration point systems have been in use in Canada, Australia and New Zealand for years. The UK adopted a similar approach in 2001.
43、One thing that Canada and other nations have discovered is that their system needs to fit the needs of their economy. Too often they find that they attract highly-educated people who end up finding work that doesnt use their skills. Some end up driving a taxi. 36 One of the reasons for proposing the
44、 point system is （ A） to give priority to immigrants from China. （ B） to protect the US from terrorist attacks. （ C） to attract skilled immigrants. （ D） to increase population. 37 What do critics on the right say about the proposed point system? （ A） It opposes family unity. （ B） It is very difficul
45、t to apply. （ C） It opposes American values. （ D） It does not meet the needs of high-tech employers. 38 Which statement is NOT true of the current system? （ A） It is kinship-based. （ B） It puts pressure on the US. （ C） It draws low-skilled workers. （ D） It attracts highly-educated people. 39 Who can
46、 apply for family visas in future? （ A） The uncles and aunts of legal immigrants. （ B） The brothers and sisters of legal immigrants. （ C） The spouses and young children of legal immigrants. （ D） The parents and grandparents of legal immigrants. 40 Which country adopted the point system in 20017 （ A）
47、 The UK. （ B） The US. （ C） Canada. （ D） Australia. 41 Political Spins Last week, US White House spokesman Tony Snow sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the former President Bill Clinton “chutzpah“ (大胆放肆 ). With just one sentence, Snow managed to make headli
48、nes, a joke and a defense of President George W. Bush. Interestingly. this is how battles are fought and won in US politics - with carefully-worded one-liners (一行字幕新闻 ) made for TV which often lack substance and clarity (清晰度 ). “The amount of information that candidates attempt to communicate to peo
49、ple is actually getting smaller and smaller,“ said Mark Smith, a political science professor al Cedarville University. This has been accompanied by a changing media environment, Smith said. In 1968, the average TV or radio soundbite (演讲中的句子或短语 ) was 48 seconds, according to Smith. In 1996, the average soundbite had shrunk (缩短 ) to 8 seconds. Thus, politicians wanting publicity try to make their public communication as quotable as possible. Campaignin
