1、2009年 3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B
2、OOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 When Americans think about hunger, we usually think in terms of mass starvation in far-away countries. But hunger too often lurks (1) . In 2006, 35. 1 million people, including (2) children, in the United States did not have access to enough fo
3、od for an active healthy life. Some of these individuals relied on emergency food sources and (3) . Although most people think of hungry people and homeless people as the same, the problem of hunger reaches (4) . While the number of people being hungry or (5) may be surprising, it is the faces of th
4、ose hungry individuals that would probably (6) . The face of hunger is (7) who has worked hard for their entire lives only to find their savings (8) ; or a single mother who has to choose whether the salary from (9) will go to buy food or pay rent; or a child who struggles to (10) because his family
5、 couldnt afford dinner the night before. A December 2006 survey estimated that? (11) those requesting emergency food assistance were either children or their parents. Children (12) to live in households where someone experiences hunger and food insecurity than adults. (13) compared to one in five ch
6、ildren live in households where someone suffers from hunger (14) . Child poverty is more widespread in the United States than in (15) ; at the same time, the U. S. government spends less than any industrialized country to (16) . We have long known that the (17) of small children need adequate food (
7、18) . But science is just beginning to understand the full extent of this relationship. As late as the 1980s, conventional wisdom held that only the (19) actually alter brain development. The latest empirical evidence, however, shows that even relatively mild under-nutrition (20) in children which c
8、an last a lifetime. Part B Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answe
9、r to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） Her purse was stolen on the metro. （ B） Her home was broken into when she was vacationing. （ C） She was robbed on her way home. （ D） She was attacked by two ki
10、ds on the street. （ A） Last week. （ B） On a summer day. （ C） Towards evening. （ D） Late at night. （ A） Four dollars. （ B） Thirty dollars. （ C） Forty dollars. （ D） Three hundred dollars. （ A） She hailed a taxi. （ B） She just went home. （ C） She reported the crime. （ D） She phoned her best friend （ A）
11、 They need prosecuting. （ B） They have to be punished. （ C） They should get supervision. （ D） They must be held responsible. （ A） A NATO naval force has successfully reduced pirate attacks in that region. （ B） A UN resolution has been passed to stem the upsurge in pirate attacks on shipping. （ C） Se
12、veral African countries have joined hands to patrol the coast. （ D） An EU team of warships and aircraft will start its anti-piracy operations. （ A） To resume a talk on improving its relations with India. （ B） To cooperate fully with India in looking into the terrorist attacks. （ C） To act swiftly to
13、 arrest the lo militants who rampaged through Mumbai. （ D） To quicken the 5-year-old peace process between the two nuclear rivals. （ A） To seek the temporary suspension of Parliament. （ B） To sign a deal with the opposition parties. （ C） To form a coalition government with the Liberals. （ D） To tack
14、le the fallout from the financial crisis. （ A） President Arroyo has escaped an attempt by troops to seize power. （ B） Philippine lawmakers have voted to unseat the current president. （ C） An impeachment complaint against President Arroyo was thrown out. （ D） A majority of lawmakers are going to abst
15、ain in voting over the impeachment. （ A） $ 8 billion （ B） $ 22 billion （ C） $ 36.9 billion. （ D） $ 39 billion （ A） Professions and ways we actually wear. （ B） Trends and fashions in clothing. （ C） Fashion designing. （ D） Psychology of clothing. （ A） An awareness of impressing others. （ B） An urge to
16、 look smart and trendy. （ C） A conscious act of indicating individual taste. （ D） A general feeling of insecurity. （ A） People who are absorbed by other things. （ B） People who are sociable and outgoing. （ C） People with an aggressive personality. （ D） People with a preference for light colors. （ A）
17、 The colors of ones clothing. （ B） The length of trousers one wears. （ C） Sticking to grey or dark suits. （ D） Wearing outrageous clothing. （ A） Young hairdressers. （ B） Pop music fans. （ C） Minority groups. （ D） Ageing pop stars. （ A） Participating in Internet chats. （ B） Writing and receiving emai
18、l messages. （ C） Purchasing things online. （ D） Doing research by clicking a mouse. （ A） Because the Internet binds fewer people together than we actually need. （ B） Because the hyperlinks often send us to commercial Web sites. （ C） Because the Web can-t always show clearly how to get where we want.
19、 （ D） Because the Web is often a database organized for commercial purposes. （ A） The inconvenience of placing orders. （ B） The dropping out rate of online shoppers. （ C） Time wasted in filling out information （ D） Issues related to privacy. （ A） They are becoming socially isolated. （ B） 60 percent
20、of them spend less time with family and friends. （ C） How long they stay on the Web is the most frequent cause for divorce. （ D） They no longer have close friends as they used to do. （ A） Computers offer a perfect system for work and communications. （ B） The effects of the Internet on our lives are
21、still debatable. （ C） The Internet has revolutionized the way we do things. （ D） We can get information, products and friends quickly with the Internet. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are t
22、o choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 40 “They treat us like mules,“ th
23、e guy installing my washer tells me, his eyes narrowing as he wipes his hands. I had just complimented him and his partner on the speed and assurance of their work He explains that its rare that customers speak to him this way. I know what hes talking about. My mother was a waitress all her life, in
24、 coffee shops and fast-paced chain restaurants. It was hard work, but she liked it, liked “being among the public,“ as she would say. But that work had its sting, too-the customer who would treat her like a servant or, her biggest complaint, like she was not that bright. Theres a lesson here for thi
25、s political season: the subtle and not-so-subtle insults that blue- collar and service workers endure as part of their working lives. And those insults often have to do with intelligence. We like to think of the United States as a classless society. The belief in economic mobility is central to the
26、American Dream, and we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism But we also have a troubling streak of aristocratic bias in our national temperament, and one way it manifests itself is in the assumptions we make about people who work with their hands. Working people sense this bias and react
27、to it when they vote. The common political wisdom is that hot-button social issues have driven blue-collar voters rightward. But there are other cultural dynamics at play as well. And Democrats can be as oblivious to these dynamics as Republicans-though the Grand Old Party did appeal to them in St.
28、Paul. Lets go back to those two men installing my washer and dryer. They do a lot of heavy lifting quickly-mine was the first of 15 deliveries-and efficiently, to avoid injury. Between them there is ongoing communication, verbal and nonverbal, to coordinate the lift, negotiate the tight fit, move in
29、 rhythm with each other. And all the while, they are weighing options, making decisions and solving problems-as when my new dryer didnt match up with the gas outlet. Think about what a good waitress has to do in the busy restaurant: remember orders and monitor them, attend to a dynamic, quickly chan
30、ging environment, prioritize tasks and manage the flow of work, make decisions on the fly. Theres the carpenter using a number of mathematical concepts-symmetry, proportion, congruence, the properties of angles-and visualizing these concepts while building a cabinet, a flight of stairs, or a pitched
31、 roof. The hairstylists practice is a mix of technique, knowledge about the biology of hair, aesthetic judgment, and communication skill. The mechanic, electrician, and plumber are troubleshooters and problem solvers. Even the routinized factory floor calls for working smarts. When has any of this m
32、ade its way into our political speeches? From either party. Even on I,abor Day. Last week, the GOP masterfully invoked some old cultural suspicions: country folk versus city and east-coast versus heartland education, But these are symbolic populist gestures, not the stuff of true engagement. Judgmen
33、ts about intelligence carry great weight in our society, and we have a tendency to make sweeping assessments of peoples intelligence based on the kind of work they do. Political tributes to labor over the next two months will render the muscled arm, sleeve rolled tight against biceps. But few will a
34、lso celebrate the thought bright behind the eye, or offer an image that links hand and brain It would be fitting in a country with an egalitarian vision of itself to have a truer, richer sense of all that is involved in the wide range of work that surrounds and sustains us. Those politicians who can
35、 communicate that sense will tap a deep reserve of neglected feeling. And those who can honor and use work in explaining and personalizing their policies will find a welcome reception. 41 To illustrate the intelligence of the working class, the author cites the examples of all of the following EXCEP
36、T_. （ A） hairstylist and waitress （ B） carpenter and mechanic （ C） electrician and plumber （ D） street-cleaner and shop-assistant 42 In the sentence “we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism“ (para. 3), the word “egalitarianism“ can be replaced by _. （ A） individualism （ B） enlightenment （
37、 C） equality （ D） liberalism 43 We can conclude from the passage that _. （ A） in America, judgments about peoples intelligence are often based on the kind of work they do （ B） the subtle and not-so-subtle insults towards blue-collars are a daily phenomenon in America （ C） the United States is a clas
38、sless society （ D） the old cultural suspicions of country folk versus city and east-coast versus heartland education show the Republicans true engagement 44 One of the major groups of targeted readers of the author should be _. （ A） blue-collar American workers （ B） middle-class American businessmen
39、 （ C） American politicians （ D） American company leaders 45 Which of the following summarizes the main idea of the passage? （ A） The Democratic Party and the Republican Party should stop symbolic populist gestures. （ B） Political tributes should mind the subtle bias against the intelligence of the w
40、orking class. （ C） The ruling party should acknowledge the working smarts of blue-collars. （ D） The whole American society should change the attitude towards the blue-collar workers. 45 From cyborg housemaids and water-powered cars to dog translators, and rocket boots, Japanese boffins have racked u
41、p plenty of near-misses in the quest to turn science fiction into reality. Now the finest scientific minds of Japan are devoting themselves to cracking the greatest sci-fi vision of all: the space elevator. Man has so far conquered space by painfully and inefficiently blasting himself out of the atm
42、osphere but the 21st century should bring a more leisurely ride to the final frontier. For chemists, physicists, material scientists, astronauts and dreamers across the globe, the space elevator represents the most tantalizing of concepts: cables stronger and lighter than any fibre yet woven, tether
43、ed to the ground and disappearing beyond the atmosphere to a satellite docking station in geosynchronous orbit above Earth. Up and down the 22,000 mile-long (36,000km) cables-or flat ribbons-will run the elevator carriages, themselves requiring huge breakthroughs in engineering to which the biggest
44、Japanese companies and universities have turned their collective attention. In the carriages, the scientists behind the idea told The Times , could be any number of cargoes. A space elevator could carry people, huge solar-powered generators or even casks of radioactive waste. The point is that break
45、ing free of Earth-s gravity will no longer require so much energy- perhaps 100 times less than launching the space shuttle. “Just like traveling abroad, anyone will be able to ride the elevator into space,“ Shuichi Ono, chairman of the Japan Space Elevator Association, said The vision has inspired s
46、cientists around the world and government organizations, including Nasa. Several competing space elevator projects are gathering pace as various groups vie to build practical carriages, tethers and the hundreds of other parts required to carry out the plan. There are prizes offered by space elevator
47、-related scientific organizations for breakthroughs and competitions for the best and fastest design of carriage. First envisioned by the celebrated master of science fiction, Arthur C. Clarke, in his 1979 work The Fountains o f Paradise, the concept has all the best qualities of great science ficti
48、on: it is bold, it is a leap of imagination and it would change life as we know it. Unlike the warp drives in Star Trek, or H. G. Wellss The Time Machine, the idea of the space elevator does not mess with the laws of science; it just presents a series of very, very complex engineering problems. Japa
49、n is increasingly confident that its sprawling academic and industrial base can solve those issues, and has even put the astonishingly low price tag of a trillion yen ( 5 billion) on building the elevator. Japan is renowned as a global leader in the precision engineering and high-quality material production without which the idea could never be possible. The biggest obstacle lies in the cables. To extend the elevator to a stationary satellite from the Earths surface world require twice that length of cable to reach a counterweight, ensuring
