1、2010年职称英语（综合类） A级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues （ A） long （ B） boring （ C） original （ D） humorous 2 He was kept in appalling conditions in prison （ A） critical （ B） necessar
2、y （ C） normal （ D） terrible 3 The project required ten years of diligent research （ A） hardworking （ B） basic （ C） social （ D） scientific 4 I want to provide my boys with a decent education （ A） good （ B） special （ C） private （ D） general 5 I cant put up with my neighbors noise any longer; its drivi
3、ng me mad （ A） measure （ B） generate （ C） tolerate （ D） reduce 6 He demolished my argument in minutes （ A） disputed （ B） accepted （ C） disproved （ D） supported 7 Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil （ A） doubt （ B） relief （ C） confuision （ D） failure 8 Steep stairs can present a partic
4、ular hazard to older people （ A） danger （ B） case （ C） picture （ D） evidence 9 The two banks have announced plans to merge next year （ A） combine （ B） close （ C） break （ D） sell 10 Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment （ A） anger （ B） doubt （ C） love （ D） surprise 11 Her father was a qu
5、iet man with graceful manners （ A） polite （ B） similar （ C） usual （ D） bad 12 Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone （ A） equal （ B） moderate （ C） immediate （ D） great 13 Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth （ A） spend （ B） requir
6、e （ C） encourage （ D） attract 14 He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school （ A） bad （ B） bright （ C） unclear （ D） general 15 Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day （ A） physical （ B） energetic （ C） regular （ D） free 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下
7、面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 The Writings on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism(野蛮行为 )? Well， its still a crime， but graffiti(涂鸦 ) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory Street art ha
8、s become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his “tag”， TAKI 183， all over the NewYork underground in 1971， and hip-hop culture was born Hip-hop is a mixture of art， music and dancing，poetry， language and fashion It came from young inner-city people， who fel
9、t left out by their richerclassmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale， Greater Manchester， has been so successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June “W
10、ere planning to get people together from different countries like France and Germany for a week， ”says Liam， one of the organizers The scheme started in 2000， and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes “We all share a common interest and get on really well with each other ”The first s
11、ite to be chosen was a subway “Before we began， people were afraid to use the subway We had it cleaned up and now， with all the artists hanging out down there， people are using it again People can relate to graffiti much more now ”By providing places to display their talents legally， there has been
12、a fall in the amount of“tagging”on peoples private property Street artist Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didnt spend time with him They thought he was already very good at art and so spent more time with ot
13、her students So， at 12 years old， Temper started painting with all these guys hed hooked up with who were about 22 years old He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampton， England “The whole hip-hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everyt
14、hing But it was always the graffiti I was best at， ”he says 16 Demetrius was a teenager from New York （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The graffiti scheme in Rochdale was for teenagers only （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 People did not like using the subway before an organize
15、d group of graffiti artists came （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Since the scheme started， no walls in the town were sprayed with graffiti （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Most of the other graffiti artists in England were about ten years older than Temper （ A） Right （ B） Wron
16、g （ C） Not mentioned 21 Temper， a street artist， is now head of a graffiti club in England （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-
17、26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Waste Not， Want Not 1 Bob and Clara Darlington， who own and run a farm in the North of England，have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow Their success began when they established a shop on t
18、heir farm， so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them 2 The business was an immediate success， and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country The Associations inspectors found the Darlingtons shop
19、offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetables 3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and， in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce， she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen A sma
20、ll care alongside the farm shop was soon added， with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop 4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive， and she has worked very hard， but maintains that if the product is good， the public recognize this and buy it
21、 “I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers， whether they come in for a loaf of bread， or take a whole dinner-party menu I take it as a compliment(恭维 ) if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves ” 5 So it w
22、as that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop Clara， not wishing to see them get thrown away， decided to turn them into soup 6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop an
23、d Clara now produces ten different varieties She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail， doing presentations of the soups As a result， they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class
24、London stores A Time well spent is rewarded B Professional recognition is obtained C A necessary alternative to farming D Professional skills are exploited E Continuing investment in high standards F Ensuring that nothing gets wasted 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26
25、 A sell fresh vegetables B sell as much as possible C offer a variety of prepared meals D turn them into soup E fill a gap in the market F promote her soups 27 Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to_ 28 Apart from quality fruit and vegetables， the couple_ 29 Instead of throwing the damaged v
26、egetables away， the couple_ 30 Clara spent much of the summer going to London to_ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 You hear this： “No wonder you are fat All you ever do is eat ”You feel sad： “I skip my breakfast and supper I run every morning and evening What el
27、se can I do?”Basically you can do nothing Your genes， not your life habits， determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that， “80 percent of the children of two obese(肥胖的 ) parents become obese， as compa
28、red with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight ” How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well， dieting can be effective， but the health costs are tremendous Jules Hirsch， a research physician at Rockefeller University， did a study of eight
29、fat people They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day After more than10 weeks， the subjects lost 45kg on average But after leaving the hospital， they all regained The results were surprising： by metabolic(新陈代谢的 ) measurement， fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like
30、 they were starving They had psychiatric problems They dreamed of food or breaking their diet They were anxious and depressed； some were suicidal They hid food in their rooms Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result in normal weight， but in an abnormal state resemblin
31、g that of starved non-obese people Thin people， however， suffer from the opposite： They have to make a great effort to gain weight Ethan Sims， of the University of Vermont， got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight In four to six months， they ate as much as they could They succeeded in increasing th
32、eir weight by 20 to 25 percent But months after the study ended， they were back to normal weight and stayed there This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if t
33、hey want to significantly lower their weight The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range The range might be as much as 9kg Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort But going above or below the natural weight range
34、 is difficult The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks 31 The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determined by （ A） our genes （ B） our work habits （ C） our eating habits （ D） our life style 32 In Jules Hirschs study
35、， the subjects （ A） showed no health problem （ B） lived only on liquid food （ C） were all thin people （ D） gained weight rapidly 33 After leaving the hospital， the eight fat people （ A） were back to their original weight （ B） went mad （ C） followed the advice of Hirschs （ D） attempted suicide 34 In
36、Ethan Sims study， the subjects were asked to （ A） eat as much as they could （ B） battle their genetic inheritance （ C） stay in prison （ D） lower their weight 35 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Each person wants to control his weight （ B） Each person has a weight range of 9 kg （ C） Ea
37、ch person wants to eat to his hearts content （ D） Each person has a natural weight range 35 In Eritrea， a small country in northeast Africa， approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate That percentage is even higher for women As in many developing countries， most Eritreans have traditio
38、nal ideas about the role of women They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritrea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation Experience in many
39、 countries has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their families In Eritrea， in fact， there is great need for improvement It is one of the poorest countries in the world For many Eritrean families， getting enough food
40、is a daily problem To deal with these problems， the Eritrean government， together with the World Food Program， has a new program that offers food as a reward for learning。 In primary schools， all the children receive food packages to take home to their families However， with the new program， the gir
41、ls receive 50 percent more food than the boys This way， parents are encouraged to send their daughters to school rather than keeping them at home Another government program that aims to educate women is Food for Training Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women， this program offers food rewar
42、ds(also from the World Food Organization)to women and older girls who are willing to join the program Because of the war with Ethiopia， many women are bringing up their families on their own They often live in refugee camps， with no land of their own and no way to earn money Most of these women are
43、illiterate and have no skills to find a job They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families The Food for Training program helps the teenagers and women change their lives If they agree to join the program， they receive a large package of food each month In return， t
44、he women are required to attend free literacy classes for two hours every day When Food for Training started with classes in two regions of Eritrea， 5， 000 girls and women joined in the first two months It is especially popular with teenage girls， aged fourteen to sixteen， who have never had a chanc
45、e to go to school before The organizers of Food for Training also plan to offer other kinds of courses for women， using the same system of food rewards In these courses， they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving These women will not only learn to read and write They will bec
46、ome aware of what is going on in their country， and they will be able to have a voice in their future 36 According to the passage， traditional ideas about women （ A） are rejected by the younger generation （ B） help improve the economy （ C） hinder economic development （ D） have little impact on econo
47、mic development 37 The Eritrean government is offering extra food to girls in school in order to （ A） encourage parents to keep girls at home （ B） help girls feed their families （ C） create more jobs for Eritrean teachers （ D） change traditional attitudes towards women 38 With the Food for Training
48、program， women get a large package of food as long as （ A） they attend free literacy classes every day （ B） they bring up their families on their own （ C） they live in refugee camps （ D） they have no land of their own 39 The new literacy programs are an example of （ A） the work of 5， 000 women and t
49、eenage girls （ B） the Eritrean government working to keep its power （ C） 10cal and international organizations working together （ D） the problems with international aid organizations 40 According to the passage， Food for Training will （ A） allow women to spend more time at home （ B） teach women about in
