1、2011年职称英语（综合类） A级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular. （ A） unclear （ B） obvious （ C） major （ D） minor 2 The sea turtles natural habitat has been considerably reduced. （ A） great
2、ly （ B） suddenly （ C） generally （ D） slightly 3 I got a note from Moria urging me to get in touch. （ A） instructing （ B） notifying （ C） pushing （ D） inviting 4 It is possible to approach the problem in a different way. （ A） raise （ B） pose （ C） experience （ D） handle 5 The decision to invade provoke
3、d storms of protest. （ A） ignored （ B） organized （ C） caused （ D） received 6 Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours. （ A） spend （ B） take （ C） last （ D） stand 7 At 80s, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris. （ A） energetic （ B） happy （ C） alone （ D） busy 8 Forester stared at his ca
4、r, trembling with rage. （ A） shaking （ B） turning （ C） jumping （ D） shouting 9 A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children. （ A） reported （ B） proved （ C） praised （ D） caught 10 I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse. （ A） anxious （ B） sure （ C） sad （
5、 D） afraid 11 At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened. （ A） give （ B） attach （ C） lose （ D） understand 12 Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do. （ A） doubting （ B） saying （ C） thinking （ D） knowing 13 He asserted that nuclear power was a sa
6、fe and non - polluting energy source. （ A） maintained （ B） recommended （ C） considered （ D） acknowledged 14 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. （ A） relative （ B） general （ C） continuous （ D） sharp 15 She always finds fault with everything.
7、 （ A） criticizes （ B） simplifies （ C） evaluates （ D） examines 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没 有提及，请选择 C。 15 The Forbidden Apple New York used to be the city that never sleeps. Theses days, its the city that never smokes
8、, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance. Drinking alcohol in public isnt allowed. If you decided to feed the birds with the la
9、st crumbs (碎屑 ) of your sandwich, you could be arrested. Its illegal if you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldnt it? Er-no. You cant smoke in public in New York City. Whats going on? Why is the city that used to be so open -minded becoming like this? The mayor of New
10、York is behind it all. He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want. The press are shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recently spent $100,000 on a “Dont blame the cop“ campaign. One New York police officer said, “W
11、e raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. Its all about money.“ The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israel tourist, fell a-sleep on the subway. When he woke up, two police officers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two
12、 seats (you mustnt use two seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schoronitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own drive way. The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City Law, it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work,
13、but not an empty ashtray. “ He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray (烟灰缸 ). But not all of the New Yorks inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugatty, 72, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live
14、,“ Nixon Patricks, 38, a barman, said, “I like the new laws, if people smoked in here, wed go home smelling of cigarettes. “ Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than other 193 US cities. And its true its safe, cleaner and more healthy than before. But lets be ho
15、nesty who goes to New York for its clean streets? 16 Some activities have recently become illegal in New York. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Eating apples in the park is illega
16、l. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The businessmen like the new laws. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Elle and Serge Schoronitman parked their car on the public driveway. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The editor of Vanity Fair magazine thinks some of the new law
17、s are stupid. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 New York is cleaner and safer than before. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选 项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Are You a Successful L
18、eader? 1. Almost nothing we do in this word is done in isolation. At work or at play, youll find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues , your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking in the mountains
19、, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success. Partly because we need to do it so often. 2. In almost every situation where youre in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups n
20、eed leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are of ten arguments and tensions between
21、 people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and other disappear. Often group members begin not to come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony. 3. Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carlucci says, “True leaders are born and you can
22、spot them in kitchens. “ Theyre people who combine toughness, fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural -born leaders, most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a succes
23、sful leader. Good leaders dont make people do things in a bossy, controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal. 4. Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good l
24、eader. Self - confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent. They need to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders nee
25、d to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute. A. A good leader needs a variety of qualities B. These techniques are used to train leaders C.
26、Training can make good leaders D. Most of good leader are natural - born E. Its important to have a good leader F. People are in groups 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A. the ability to work with others B. encouraging group members C. lack of good leaders D. bossi
27、ng people around E. working out good strategies F. overcoming fears about being a leader 27 One of the major keys to success is_. 28 Groups often break down because of_. 29 Good leaders always avoid_. 30 Self-confidence is the key to_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳
28、选项。 30 The Smell of Money For many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping the smell of freshly - baked bread into their stories. Now Dale Air, a leading firm of aroma (香气 ) consultants, has been approached by Barclays Bank to develop suitable artificial smells fo
29、r their banks. Researchers have suggested that surrounding customers with the “smell of money“ will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them added confidence in the banks security and professionalism. But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks air conditionin
30、g systems, it must be identified and chemically analyzed, and this has proved to be difficult. The problem is that banknotes and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings. So cash that has been sitting in a cash register at a fishmongers (鱼贩 ) will smell of fish, and banknotes used to pa
31、y for meals in restaurants will tend to smell of food. It may be a challenge, but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smells can be an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly, a British travel company, introduced the smell of coconuts (椰子 ) into its travel agenci
32、es and saw a big increase in spending by holiday makers. Many cafes now have electric dispensers (自动售货机 ) that release the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances, subtly encouraging customers to come in and have a drink or snack. Even prestigious car maker Rolls Royce has been spraying
33、 the inside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leather seats. “The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses,“ explains researcher Jim ORordan. “ There is a direct pathway from the olfactory (嗅觉的 ) organs in the nose to the brain. “ It is certainly true that mo
34、st people find certain smells incredibly strong, stringing memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants (刺激物 ) can rival. It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized, but until recently have been unable to harness. “Weve made great progress but the technology of colour
35、production is still in its infancy,“ says ORiordan, “Who knows which place it will take us to. “ 31 Artificial smells have not been used in_. （ A） cafes （ B） banks （ C） travel agencies （ D） supermarkets 32 Researchers believe that introducing the “smell of money“ into banks will encourage people_. （
36、 A） to spend money （ B） to feel confident about banks （ C） to earn more money （ D） to withdraw money from banks 33 The difficulty of producing the “smell of money“ lies in that_. （ A） peoples attitudes toward money are different （ B） its hard to identify and analyze it （ C） no technology can do it （
37、 D） experts have no motive 34 The word “harness“ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） see （ B） study （ C） control （ D） understand 35 Researchers think_. （ A） artificial smells help to improve peoples memory （ B） the technology to produce artificial smells is in the early stage （ C）
38、artificial smells are harmful （ D） the production of artificial smells is profitably 35 Spoilt for Choice Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. In daily life, people have come to expect endless situations about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main, these a
39、re just irksome moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower, or during lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to. But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to another can have serious or lifelong repercussions. More complex dec
40、ision - making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the army of professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advisors, and the like, waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee. But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, not a
41、right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares. The main impact of endless choice in peoples lives is anxiety. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not ex
42、actly simple. Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness, even paralysis, in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease. Recent surv
43、eys in the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not really needed. The advertisers and the shareholders of the manufacturers are, nonetheless, satisfied. It is not just their availability that is the problem, but the speed with which new v
44、ersions of products come on the market. Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time that goods hit the shelves. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The classic example is computers
45、 which are almost obsolete once they are bought. At first, there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers, but now there are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine. This makes selection a problem. In the past years,
46、 people could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing, no choice, no anxiety. The plethora of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people around the world, people have more choice about where they want to live and work a fairly recent phenomenon. In the pas
47、t, nations migrated across huge swathes of the earth in search of food, adventure, and more hospitable environments. Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history. So the mobility of people is nothing new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process d
48、own. 36 Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions because （ A） the decisions may have serious impact on their lives （ B） only professionals have the right to do that （ C） they have sufficient money to pay （ D） they have emotional problems 37 When people cannot easily decide what
49、 to buy, which of the following is the least possible choice? _ （ A） Giving up. （ B） Walking away. （ C） Buying an unsuitable item. （ D） Seeking advice. 38 Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays? _ （ A） They are of poor quality. （ B） They are quickly replaced with new ones. （ C） They have too many versions. （ D） They are not designed by computers. 39 How does migration today differ from that of the past? _ （ A） Peopl
