1、2012年职称英语（综合类） B级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 All the walls in the building had the same layout. （ A） size （ B） function （ C） color （ D） arrangment 2 The storm caused severe damage. （ A） physical （ B） accidental （ C） serious （ D） enviro
2、mental 3 The walls are made of hollow concret blocks. （ A） big （ B） empty （ C） long （ D） new 4 Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded. （ A） offer （ B） provide （ C） modernize （ D） fund 5 Do we have to wear these name tags? （ A） lists （ B） forms （ C） lables （ D） codes 6 Joe came to
3、the window as the crowd chanted “Joe,Joe,Joe” （ A） repeated （ B） jumped （ C） maintained （ D） approached 7 He inspired many young people to take up sports. （ A） encouraged （ B） allowed （ C） called （ D） advised 8 The city center was wiped out by the bomb. （ A） covered （ B） reduced （ C） destroyed （ D）
4、moved 9 Most baby can take in a wide range of food easily. （ A） bring （ B） digest （ C） keep （ D） serve 10 A larg crowd assembled outside the American embassy. （ A） watched （ B） shouted （ C） gathered （ D） walked 11 The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. （ A）
5、 fresh （ B） hot （ C） heavy （ D） windy 12 What puzzles me is why his books are so popular. （ A） shocks （ B） influences （ C） confuses （ D） concerns 13 I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, dont you? （ A） tight （ B） low （ C） cheap （ D） high 14 The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious. （ A）
6、 need （ B） hate （ C） love （ D） pity 15 Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. （ A） slightly （ B） partly （ C） faintly （ D） completely 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息 ，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Brotherly Love Adidas and Puma h
7、ave been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century. Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story of these two companies begins i
8、n one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany. Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, You cannot play sports wearing shoes that youd walk around town with. So they sta
9、rted making their own. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(钉 )， produced on the Dasslers kitchen table. On lst July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for
10、 Germanys athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games. But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first th
11、ree letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas. Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since. After the
12、 big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a so
13、ng called “My Adidas“ and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company. The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees dont talk to each o
14、ther. 16 Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 17 The brothers father was a ball maker. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 18 The brothers make shoes at home. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 19 The brothers argued about the
15、shoes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 20 The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 21 Nike makes more shoes than Adidas. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mention 22 People in town have forgotten their argument. （ A） Right （ B）
16、 Wrong （ C） Not mention 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 How technology pushes down price 1. Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technolog
17、y. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compared with other good
18、s has fallen for many years, and continues to drop. 2. Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.
19、3. Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33,000 t0 245,000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as part of its “pa
20、th to growth“ strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 per cent of its 133 factories and cut 10 per cent of its 55,000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low. 4. Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more. Food companies
21、 certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 80z (225g) cans in the past, then 120z (35
22、0g), and now come in 200z (550g) cans.1f a company can sell you an 80z portion for $7, they can sell you a 120z portion for $8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents. 5. Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is
23、 hard to change the trend. A. Huge retailers force producers to cunt costs B. Consumers like supermarkets C. Technology helps reduce food prices D. Food comes cheaper in larger portions E. Chain stores provide better service F. Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices 23 Paragraph 1 _. 24 Paragraph 2
24、_. 25 Paragraph 3 _. 26 Paragraph 4 _. 26 A. their workforce B. huge portions C. large quantities D. their money E. a good barging F. minor brands 27 Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in _. 28 Some food producers have reduced _. 29 Besides cutting its workforce, Un
25、ilever also abandoned its _. 30 Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Oseola McCarty LATE ONE SUNDAY AFTERNOON in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden
26、flame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern
27、 Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save. She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything b
28、ut her most basic needs. Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings. When she retired, she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill r
29、elatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away, she replied, “Im giving it away so that children wont have to work so hard, like I did.“ After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner
30、, who reputedly gave a billion dollars. She didnt want any fuss made over her gift, but the news got out and she was invited all over the United States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, Pres
31、ident Clinton included. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300 awards： she was honoured by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizens Medal. Despite having no real education, she found herself with two honorary doctorates： one from the
32、 University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that true selflessness does exist. 31 This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. （ A） she had managed to save so much money （ B） she gave her money to Afri
33、can Americans （ C） she gave her life savings to help others through university （ D） she only spent money on cheap things 32 She managed to save so much money because _. （ A） she had ironed and washed clothes all her life （ B） she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefully （ C） she had opened
34、 a good bank account （ D） she knew how to make money 33 She gave her money away because _. （ A） she wanted to help the university （ B） she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses （ C） she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life （ D） she want to be remembered after her d
35、eath 34 When her generosity was made _. （ A） people donated billions （ B） hundreds of students got scholarships （ C） hundreds of people put money into the fund （ D） she was sent to university 35 Marcartys generosity indicates clearly that _. （ A） scholarship funds are popular in US （ B） Kind-hearted
36、 people deserves doctorates （ C） Selflessness exists in human society （ D） Poor people can donate as much as rich people 35 From Ponzi to Madoff The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The mans name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings a
37、ccount. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a
38、 good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $250 million. T
39、his was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didnt think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didnt have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered h
40、is crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, an
41、d individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didnt think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didnt have enough money to pay all
42、the people he needed to pay. Thats when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States gover
43、nment officials arrested him. He didnt have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoffs crime was even bigger than Ponzis. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to
44、 be true, it probably is! 36 For every $100, Ponzi promised to pay people （ A） $5 a year. （ B） $20 a year. （ C） $40 a year. （ D） $100 a year. 37 What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him? （ A） He spent it all on things for himself. （ B） He used some of it to pay other people. （ C） He deposite
45、d it all in a bank. （ D） He kept it all to save for a good plan. 38 What was Ponzis crime? （ A） He robbed the banks of millions of dollars. （ B） He gave people more than the bank did. （ C） He kept a lot of other peoples money for himself. （ D） He did not pay people their interests. 39 How long did M
46、adoffs tricks last? （ A） Forty years. （ B） Four year. （ C） Nine years. （ D） Ninety years. 40 Why didnt Madoff have to go on trial? （ A） The officiais couldnt find any evidence against him. （ B） He had friends in the government who helped him. （ C） He admitted he was guilty. （ D） He returned all the
47、illegal money. 40 Gross National Happiness In the last century， new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However， one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia， the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教 )culture had n
48、ot been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan， however， was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read， and they did not know much about the outside world. Then， in 1972， a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，
49、but without losing its traditions. King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP)。 The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases， people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased， the king could say that Bhutan was making prog
