1、2013年 5月北京成人本科英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the cor
2、responding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Dont think your fat cells wont notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine(a medical journal)finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effec
3、t on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin(胰岛素 )by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes(a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain. The study adds
4、 to a growing body of evidence that theres “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,“ says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland.(76)But Americans dont see
5、m to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average. So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew
6、 Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a nig
7、ht,“ says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat.(77)Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was ve
8、ry surprised to be honest, “ he says. Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,“ he says. “Theyre there to store lipids(血脂 ).“ when lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when youre exercising or sleeping or goin
9、g about your day. “However, when fat cells start to become insulin resistant, the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,“ Brady says. 1 According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） heart disease （ B）
10、 weight gain （ C） diabetes （ D） liver disease 2 The main idea of the third paragraph is_. （ A） how to write a medical research paper （ B） how to avoid sleep loss （ C） how the research was conducted （ D） how to conduct a medical experiment 3 What does the word “leach“ in the last paragraph probably m
11、ean? （ A） Leap. （ B） Lead. （ C） Lean. （ D） Leak. 4 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? （ A） We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin. （ B） More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight. （ C） More than 20% of America
12、ns are not getting enough sleep. （ D） Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health. 5 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease （ B） Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study （ C） Americans Should Ha
13、ve More Than Six Hours of Sleep （ D） Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend 5 The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arct
14、ic(北极 )is home. (78)Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt(融化 ). Experts say that if
15、warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the worlds 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Polar bears cant survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the
16、ice.(79)Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seals breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often
17、 many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return. With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opp
18、ortunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰 ), and they cant always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, wh
19、o provide them with food. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist cf Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance well alter our warming path in time to save them,“ he sa
20、ys. 6 Which is the best title for the passage? （ A） Climate Change in the Arctic （ B） How to Protect the Environment （ C） The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears （ D） Polar Bears in Danger 7 Where do polar bears usually hunt seals? （ A） On land. （ B） In open water. （ C） In openings in the sea ice. （ D） At
21、 the bottom of the sea. 8 The word “cubs“ in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） adults （ B） babies （ C） hunters （ D） enemies 9 According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be kil
22、led either for food or safety. （ B） Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely. （ C） Two-thirds of the worlds polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues. （ D） The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because the
23、y are excellent swimmers. 10 Whats the mission of Polar Bears International? （ A） Saving energy. （ B） Conducting scientific research. （ C） Seeking international cooperation. （ D） Saving polar bears and their home. 10 Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的 )without any
24、formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different f
25、rom the other skills that we teach? Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染 )in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a childs moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and ho
26、nor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德 ). I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入 )itself. Once a lesson on a virtue
27、such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowin
28、g the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives.(80)Its also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control. Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. Whe
29、n something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, “that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!“ we draw out from them t
30、he required virtue: “When youre walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?“ 11 Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years. （ B） The author and his staff embed virtues into les
31、sons and school life to encourage character development in children. （ C） Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives. （ D） Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English. 12 We can infer from the first
32、 paragraph that_. （ A） there tends to be disagreement about what character education is （ B） most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools （ C） the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills （ D） more and more s
33、chools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance 13 The word “philosophy“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） study （ B） subject （ C） viewpoint （ D） investigation 14 The author is a_. （ A） teacher （ B） librarian （ C） reporter （ D） manager 15 Which of the following is NO
34、T mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children? （ A） Story readings and discussions. （ B） Osmosis. （ C） Taking every opportunity to teach character. （ D） Role play. 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sen
35、tence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 16 So much_about his ships on the sea that he didnt sleep for a single minute all night. （ A） did h
36、e worry （ B） he did worry （ C） he worried （ D） worried he 17 His new novel is said_into a film last year. （ A） to make （ B） to have made （ C） to be made （ D） to have been made 18 He tried several times to pass the exam._the end, he succeeded. （ A） On （ B） In （ C） At （ D） By 19 The report of an earth
37、quake(地震 )in the South China Sea has not been_yet. （ A） conflicted （ B） confused （ C） confined （ D） confirmed 20 The clouds are gathering. Wed better hurry and_ the department store in case it rains. （ A） hand in （ B） face up to （ C） head for （ D） back up 21 There is only one boat_for hire. Im afrai
38、d you have to wait for the next one. （ A） superior （ B） capable （ C） complicated （ D） available 22 I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of_. （ A） relation （ B） limitation （ C） strength （ D） patience 23 Finally we made a_that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after. （ A） tri
39、p （ B） bargain （ C） face （ D） fool 24 The old man was found_on the floor. （ A） lying dead （ B） lying death （ C） laying dead （ D） laying death 25 If one_a crime, he will be punished. （ A） makes （ B） commits （ C） performs （ D） achieves 26 If you insist on doing that, please take me into_. （ A） think （
40、 B） thinking （ C） thought （ D） consideration 27 The letters PTA_parent-teacher association. （ A） stand for （ B） call for （ C） reach for （ D） care for 28 On_side of the street were standing young boys and girls to welcome the President. （ A） both （ B） two （ C） either （ D） every 29 Hospital doctors do
41、nt go out very often as their work _all their time. （ A） takes away （ B） takes in （ C） takes over （ D） takes up 30 The_of blood always makes him sick. （ A） sight （ B） view （ C） look （ D） form 31 She sent her application to the university last week, but_any response up to now. （ A） didnt receive （ B）
42、 werent receiving （ C） hadnt received （ D） hasnt received 32 _by the teacher in class, John felt quite depressed and kept silent the whole evening. （ A） Criticizing （ B） To criticize （ C） Criticized （ D） Having criticized 33 Id play football with you now if I_ten years younger. （ A） am （ B） be （ C）
43、had been （ D） were 34 All the books,_had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl. （ A） which （ B） that （ C） who （ D） whose 35 It is known that_Galileo invented_telescope. （ A） the.the （ B） /.the （ C） a./ （ D） the.a 36 The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremely_. （ A） soft （ B） softly
44、（ C） softness （ D） softy 37 Not a single mistake_in the test. （ A） he made （ B） did he make （ C） he has made （ D） made he 38 Would you mind_a photo of you? （ A） me take （ B） to take （ C） my taking （ D） me to take 39 The lady treats the boy next door well as if he_her own son. （ A） is （ B） was （ C） w
45、ere （ D） would be 40 The city_I was born is on the new railway line. （ A） which （ B） that （ C） on which （ D） where 41 It_yesterday, for the ground is still wet now. （ A） must have rained （ B） was raining （ C） rained （ D） had rained 42 If Professor Jones arrives tomorrow, either you or I_to meet him
46、at the airport. （ A） are （ B） is （ C） am （ D） were 43 _with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all. （ A） When compared （ B） Compare （ C） While comparing （ D） Comparing 44 On this special occasion Id like to express my_wishes for your future happiness. （ A） obvious
47、（ B） sincere （ C） hopeful （ D） honest 45 He doesnt spend much time_his homework. （ A） in （ B） with （ C） on （ D） for 三、 Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresp
48、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 46 He is Asuch strong a man Bthat he can Clift ten stones Dlike this one. 47 AIt was until after his death Bthat he Cwas recognized as Da great composer. 48 AGet to the Btop of the hill, Cbut you Dwill see the whole city. 49 49
49、 AIs that the Breason Cbecause you are Din favor of the proposal? 50 There was Aso much noise in the room Bthat I could Chardly hear myself Dto think. 51 When Daddy Awill come back, I Bam going to tell him Ceverything about your poor performance Dat school. 52 Some people Alike to Beat apples, but others Cprefer bananas Dfor apples. 53 AMost tree frogs Bchange colors Cfrom time to time to fit in with Dits envi
