1、2013年职称英语（理工类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. （ A） seized （ B） threw （ C） broke （ D） stretched 2 Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. （ A） border （ B） goa
2、l （ C） peak （ D） level 3 It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. （ A） right （ B） obvious （ C） unbelievable （ D） unclear 4 I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. （ A） bring （ B） separate （ C） put （ D） set 5 We found shelter from the rain under the tree
3、s. （ A） defense （ B） standing （ C） protection （ D） room 6 This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. （ A） open （ B） cruel （ C） sudden （ D） direct 7 She gets aggressive when she is drunk. （ A） worried （ B） sleepy （ C） offensive （ D） anxious 8 We have to change the publics perception that money is eve
4、rything. （ A） sight （ B） belief （ C） interest （ D） pressure 9 The odd thing was that he didnt recognize me. （ A） real （ B） whole （ C） strange （ D） same 10 He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. （ A） taught （ B） kept （ C） attracted （ D） changed 11 That performance was pretty impres
5、sive. （ A） completely （ B） very （ C） beautifully （ D） equally 12 The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. （ A） bottom （ B） surface （ C） top （ D） structure 13 She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. （ A） passed by （ B） took a notice of （ C） woke up （ D） found by chan
6、ce 14 “There is no other choice,“ she said in a harsh voice. （ A） firm （ B） soft （ C） deep （ D） unkind 15 I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. （ A） about （ B） at （ C） with （ D） from 二、 阅读 判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是
7、错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Wide World of Robots Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker(修补 )with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. “Theyre the best toys out there,“ says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon Uni
8、versity in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist, a person who designs, builds or programs robots. When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved - cars, trains, animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobile robots similar to small c
9、ars. Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Chosets labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes. Some robots can move only
10、 forward, backward, left and right. But snakes can twist(扭曲 )in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain(地形 ). “Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,“ Choset concluded. After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there began developing t
11、heir own snake robots. Chosets team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually dont, such as rolling. Chosets snake robots could crawl(爬行 )through the grass, swim in a pond and even climb a fl
12、agpole. But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries, the doctor has to open a patients chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the oparation by instead making a s
13、mall hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake? Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs. A company called Medrobotics in B
14、oston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people. Even after 15 years of working with his teams creations, “I still dont get bored of watching the motion of my robots,“ Choset says. 16 Choset began to build robots in high school. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Snake robots c
15、ould move in only four directions. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Choset didnt begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegie Mellon. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Chosets snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed. （
16、A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The application of a thin robotic snake makes heart surgeries less time-consuming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The robotic technology for su
17、rgeries on people has brought a handsome profit to Medrobotics. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中 为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Ecosystem l、 The word “ecosystem“ is short for ecological(生
18、态的 )system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms(生物 )such as plants, animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes, we are all members of an ecosy
19、stem! 2、 There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest. Some are man-made or artificial to encourage cohabitation(兴居 )between living and non-living things in a monitored environm
20、ent, such as a zoo or garden. 3、 Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem, and thats because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and their fruits o
21、r flowers eventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms(微生物 )and even humans, of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function, and this happens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth. 4、 Ecosystems are the basi
22、s of survival for all living things. We depend on plants and animals for food. In order for us to exist, we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plant
23、s, animals and humans are all of various species(物种 ), we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem. 5、 To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy, which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat(栖息地 )of plants an
24、d animals, and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to continue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement(搬迁 ): imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse, overpopulation can also ruin the environment and cause destruction of existing pla
25、nts and animals. A. What can we do to help protect ecosystems? B. What are different types of ecosystems? C. What is an ecosystem? D. What destroys ecosystems? E. How does an ecosystem work? F. Why are ecosystems important? 23 Paragraph 2_. 24 Paragraph 3_. 25 Paragraph 4_. 26 Paragraph S_. 26 A. ou
26、r share of resources B. a biological creature C. a given area D. the maintenance of the ecosystem E. the source of food F. various species 27 In an ecosystem, plants, animals and humans live together in_. 28 Plants are essential in an ecosystem because to other living creatures they are_. 29 Plants,
27、 animals and humans are all effective in_. 30 To protect our ecosystems we should not use more than_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Energy and Public Lands The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy p
28、roduction; the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing(租赁 )， both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf. Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production. In 2000, 32 percent of US oil, 35 percent of natural gas, and 3
29、7 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas. Revenues from feder
30、al oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State governments. In 1999, for example, $553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-Indian coal leases accounted for over $304 million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to St
31、ate governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize(许可 )rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems, pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use. Alternative energy production from federal lands falls
32、behind conventional energy production, though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal(地热 )resources produce about 7.5 billion kilowatt-hours(千瓦时 )of electricity per year, 47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on publ
33、ic lands in California alone, producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower(水电 )facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States. Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with dependence on foreign oil sources, p
34、ressure on public lands to meet US energy demands is becoming more intense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process. If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources, development
35、 restrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced, or mineral production may be banned altogether. 31 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues. （ B） Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage. （ C） Public lands play an i
36、mportant role in energy production. （ D） Public lands store huge energy resources for further development. 32 Which of the following statements is true of public lands in the U.S.? （ A） Half of US energy is produced there. （ B） Most of coal was produced from there in 2000. （ C） Most energy resources
37、 are reserved there. （ D） The majority of undiscovered natural gas is stored there. 33 Geothermal resources,wind turbines， and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 are cited as examples to illustrate that （ A） alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy production. （ B） they ar
38、e the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands. （ C） geothermal resources are more important than the other two. （ D） the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge. 34 There is a mounting pressure on public lands to satisfy US energy demands because （ A） m
39、any Americans are unhappy with energy development in foreign countries. （ B） the U.S. is demanding more and more energy. （ C） quite a few public lands are banned for energy development. （ D） many Americans think public lands are being abused. 35 Public lands can be used for energy development when （
40、 A） they go through the land use planning process. （ B） energy development restrictions are effective. （ C） federal land managers grant permissions. （ D） there is enough federal budget. 35 When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach Our senses arent just delivering a strict view of whats going on in the world;
41、theyre affected by whats going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people whove just eaten. Psychologists have known for decades that whats going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than
42、 they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. R6mi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brains high-level thinking processes get
43、 involved. Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour
44、 to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten. For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that t
45、he students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words theyd seen-a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the pa
46、rticipant to really read it. Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says. “This is s
47、omething great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.“ Radel says. 36 “Poorer children“ and “hungry people“ are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show （ A） humans senses ar
48、e influenced by whats going on in their heads. （ B） they have sharper senses than others. （ C） they lose their senses because of poverty and hunger. （ D） humans senses are affected by what they see with their eyes. 37 There was a delay in Radels experiment because （ A） he needed more students to joi
49、n. （ B） he didnt prepare enough food for the 42 students. （ C） he wanted two groups of partieipants, hungry and non-hungry. （ D） he didnt want to have the experiment at noon. 38 Why did the 80 words flash so fast and at so small a size on the screen? （ A） To ensure the participant was unable to perceive anything. （ B） To guarantee each word came out at the same speed and size. （ C） To shorten the time of the experiment. （ D） To make sure the participant had no tim
