1、2014年职称英语（综合类） A级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject. （ A） point （ B） tendency （ C） result （ D） finding 2 New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity. （ A） am
2、azing （ B） depressing （ C） predictable （ D） dull 3 The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. （ A） furnish （ B） copy （ C） publish （ D） summarize 4 The group does not advocate the use of violence. （ A） limit （ B） regulate （ C） oppose （ D） support 5 The original experiment ca
3、nnot be exactly duplicated. （ A） reproduced （ B） invented （ C） designed （ D） reported 6 The department deferred the decision for six months. （ A） put off （ B） arrived at （ C） abided by （ D） protested against 7 The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later. （ A） eased （ B） appeared
4、 （ C） improved （ D） relieved 8 That uniform makes the guards look absurd. （ A） serious （ B） ridiculous （ C） beautiful （ D） impressive 9 Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes. （ A） silent （ B） motionless （ C） seated （ D）真 10 The country was torn apart by strife
5、. （ A） poverty （ B） war （ C） conflict （ D） economy 11 She felt that she had done her good deed for the day. （ A） act （ B） homework （ C） justice （ D） model 12 A person s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness. （ A） equal （ B） certain （ C） large （ D） opposite 13 His professional care
6、er spanned 16 years. （ A） started （ B） changed （ C） moved （ D） lasted 14 His stomach felt hollow with fear. （ A） sincere “ （ B） respectful （ C） terrible （ D） empty 15 This was disaster on a cosmic scale. （ A） modest （ B） huge （ C） commercial （ D） national 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句
7、子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 When Our Words Collide “Wanna buy a body?“ That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from freelance(自由职业 )photographers when I was a photo editor at U. S. News. Like many in the mainstream press, I
8、 wanted to separate the world of photographers into “ them“ , who trade in pictures of bodies or chase celebrities, and us“ , the serious news people. But after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable. Working in the reputable world of journalism, I
9、 assigned photographers to cover other people s nightmares. I justified invading moments of grief, under the guise(借口 )of the reader s right to know. I didn t ask photographers to trespass(冒犯 )or to stalk(跟踪 ), but I didn t have to. 1 worked with pros(同行 )who did what others did, talking their way i
10、nto situations or shooting from behind police lines to get pictures I was after. And I wasn t alone. In the aftermath of a car crash or some other hideous incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to capture the blood and gore(血腥场面 ).
11、But you are likely to see local newspaper and television photographers on the scene and fast. How can we justify our behavior? Journalists are taught to separate doing the job from worrying about the consequence of publishing what they record. Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business dictum(
12、格言 ): leave your conscience in the office. You get the picture of the footage; the decision whether to print or air it comes later. A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead;your job is to record the image. You put away your emotions and document the scene. We act this way partly because we kn
13、ow that the pictures can have important meaning. Photographs can change deplorable(凄惨的 )situations by mobilizing public outrage or increase public understanding. However, disastrous events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster o
14、ccurs, photo agencies buy pictures. Often an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and put it up for bid by major magazines. The most keenly sought “exclusives“ command tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contests. Many people believe that journalists need
15、to change the way they do things, and it s our pictures that annoy people the most. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between sober-minded us and sleazy(低级庸俗的 )“them“. In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right. 16
16、The writer never got an offer for a photograph of a dead person. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The writer was a photographer sixteen years ago. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The writer believes that shooting people s nightmares is justifiable. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） N
17、ot mentioned 19 News photographers are usually a problem for rescue workers at an accident. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Journalists arent supposed to think about whether they are doing the right thing. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Editors sometimes have to pay a lot of
18、 money for exclusive pictures. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Many people say that they are annoyed by the U. S. News pictures. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为
19、每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 The Storyteller 1 Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many interesting stories to as many people as possible. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and then Arizona. Some of his childhood memories became the
20、 inspiration for his filmmaking. 2 Even decades later, Spielberg says he has vivid memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his most successful films. He believes that E. T. is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parent s 1966 divorce. He commented, “ It is re
21、ally about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life. “ Close Encounters of the Third Kind was inspired by times when the four-year-old Steven and his father would search the skies for meteors(流星 ). His mother remembers, “ He was scared of just about everything. When trees brushed
22、against the house, he would jump into my bad. And that s just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist. “ 3 Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad s movie camera and began shooting short flicks(电影 )about flying saucers(飞碟 )and World War TJ battles. These homema
23、de movies gave him a way to escape his fears. From the very beginning, he had a creative imagination. With his talent for scary storytelling, he could terrify his three younger sisters. It also made it easier for him to make friendships. On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, young Steven beca
24、me the center of attention. “ Steven would start telling his ghost stories, “says Richard Y. Hoffman. Jr. , leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear. “ 4 Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so
25、 bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood. Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(实习 )in Hollywood. Soon he was given a
26、 contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back. 5 Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as when he was a boy. Ask him where he gets his ideas, and Spielberg will shrug. “The process for me is mostly intuitive, “ he says. “There are films that
27、I feel that I need to make. And it s for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, or because I just want to have fun. Or maybe because the subject matter is cool, and I think that my kids will like it. “ A. Getting Into the Movie Business B. Inspirations for His Movies C. An Aim of Life D. Tellin
28、g Stories to Make Friends E. The Trouble of Making Movies F. A Funny Man 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 26 A. making children laugh B. almost everything C. a lot of money D. his childhood memories E. telling scary stories F. a number of reasons 27 Some of Spielberg s mos
29、t successful movies came from_. 28 When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of_. 29 Spielberg is very good at_. 30 Spielberg says he makes movies for_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The National Trust The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly
30、important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not. a rich government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the un
31、spoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest. The attention of the public was first drawn to the
32、dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4, 500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust s “Country House Scheme“. Und
33、er this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150 of these old houses. Last year, about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge. In addition to country ho
34、uses and open spaces, the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, 540 farms and nearly 2, 500 cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in an
35、y way and all the houses are maintained in their original 16th century style. Over 4, 000 acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the
36、 peace, beauty and wildlife. Over the past 80 years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life. It helps to preserve all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also
37、for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage. 31 The National Trust is a_. （ A） government agency depending on voluntary service （ B） non-profit organization depending on voluntary service （ C） government department but is not rich （ D
38、） private organization supported by the government 32 The National Trust is dedicated to_. （ A） preserving the best public enjoyment （ B） providing the public with free access to historic buildings （ C） offering better services to visitors home and abroad （ D） protecting the unspoiled countryside an
39、d historic buildings 33 We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Lord Lothian_. （ A） donated all his money to the Trust （ B） started the“ Country House Scheme“ （ C） saved many old country houses in Britain （ D） was influential in his time 34 All the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT_. （ A）
40、 the Trust is more interested in protecting the 16th century houses （ B） many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the Trust （ C） visitors can get free access to some places owned by the Trust （ D） the Trust has a history which is longer than 80 years 35 The word “invade “in Paragraph 4
41、 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） come in without permission （ B） enter with invitation （ C） visit in large numbers （ D） appear all of a sudden 35 A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer Post-menopausal(绝经后的 )women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly, a stu
42、dy has suggested. The report, which followed 73 , 000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence
43、 that lifestyle influenced cancer risk. A recent poll for the charity Ramblers found a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers so your brain says, “I like thi
44、s person“. But these preliminary “impressions“can be dead wrong. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking(not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of peopl
45、e their history, interest values, strengths, and true character we categorize them as jocks(骗子 ), peeks(反常的人 ), or freaks(怪人 ). However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her
46、life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane. 41 Our first impression of someone new is influenced by his or her_. （ A） past experience （ B） character （ C） faci
47、al features （ D） hobbies 42 If you meet a stranger with familiar gestures, your brain is most likely to say_ （ A） He is familiar and safe. （ B） He is new and potentially threatening. （ C） I like this person. （ D） This is new. I dont like this person. 43 The word “preliminary“ in Paragraph 3 is close
48、st in meaning to_. （ A） simplistic （ B） stereotypical （ C） initial （ D） categorical 44 Our thinking is not mature enough when we stereotype people because_. （ A） we neglect their depth and breadth （ B） they are not all jocks, peeks, or freaks （ C） our thinking is similar to that of a very young chil
49、d （ D） our judgment is always wrong 45 Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? （ A） One s physical appearance can influence our first impression. （ B） Our first impression is influenced by the sensitivity of our brain. （ C） Stereotypical impressions can be dead wrong. （ D） We should adopt mature thinking wrhen getting to know people. 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别
