1、2015年 3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B
2、OOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 Global warming? You may accept or reject those who say it is a dangerous phenomenon. But if the planet is warming, and humanity is contributing to it, shouldnt someone be【 C1】 _? If the Earth is, in fact, engaged in a long-term warming cycle? A
3、nd if humanity is partly responsible 【 C2】 _? Possible solutions to global warming range from the simple to the complex, from changing【 C3】 _to engineering giant reflectors in space. The most talked about solutions involve expanded use of【 C4】 _, and less reliance on fossil fuels. Volcanoes, forest
4、fires, ocean and atmospheric variability are 【 C5】 _that change climate conditions. Might nature correct the warming trend itself? Climate scientists say that it seems very unlikely. 【 C6】 _. Science gives us likelihood. We think that its likely that【 C7】 _of the last few decades isnt due to the usu
5、al causes such as changes【 C8】 _, changes in the sun, volcanoes, but its due primarily to humans【 C9】 _. John Topping of the nonprofit Climate Institute says it will be 【 C10】 _, not governments, coming up with solutions. He argues that we need to【 C11】 _in the direction of emerging clean energy tec
6、hnologies and part of thats going to happen because we, as consumers, step forward and we are conscious【 C12】 _to get more energy-efficient products. Higher gas prices are making 【 C13】 _more attractive to consumers. Building and home constructions are becoming more energy efficient. Climate change
7、is【 C14】 _. But climate change also provides an opportunity for countries【 C15】 _, and the only way to advance much globally, is to look at approaches that protect the environment at the same time that they【 C16】 _. Wider application of renewable energy resources could reduce greenhouse gases and【 C
8、17】 _. Some scientists are suggesting grander solutions, involving【 C18】_: building huge sunshades in space, for example, tinkering with clouds to make them 【 C19】 _, perhaps tricking oceans into soaking up 【 C20】 _. 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 1
9、1 【 C11】 12 【 C12】 13 【 C13】 14 【 C14】 15 【 C15】 16 【 C16】 17 【 C17】 18 【 C18】 19 【 C19】 20 【 C20】 Part B Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and ques
10、tions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） Quitting drinking. （ B） Treating drug addiction. （ C） Getting rid of smoking. （
11、D） Hypnotizing for medical purposes. （ A） Four. （ B） Five. （ C） Six. （ D） Unknown. （ A） Acupuncture. （ B） Hypnotization. （ C） Psychotherapy. （ D） Physiotherapy. （ A） She lives with her husband and two daughters. （ B） She has been married for just a couple of years. （ C） Shes a full-time housewife wi
12、th no kids. （ D） Shes a single mother with a 12-year-old son. （ A） Three. （ B） Two. （ C） One. （ D） Half a year. （ A） 0.4%. （ B） 0.7%. （ C） 1.1%. （ D） 1.7%. （ A） $8 billion. （ B） $18 billion. （ C） Over 90%. （ D） Three-quarters. （ A） Start afresh an era for a vibrant auto production base in Australia.
13、 （ B） Reduce the costs to make Australia an attractive auto-making base. （ C） Cut 2500 jobs in its Australian plants before the end of this year. （ D） Stop making cars and engines in Australia by the end of 2017. （ A） Its jobless rate is 12 % at present. （ B） 1. 38 million people are officially jobl
14、ess. （ C） The number of people out of work is 1. 9 million. （ D） Its unemployment rate is expected to drop further. （ A） She drove the wrong way on freeways and caused an accident. （ B） She ran down six people in drunk driving on a “girls night out“. （ C） She did killing under the influence of alcoh
15、ol and drugs. （ D） She got involved in a horrific drug crime in Los Angeles. （ A） In his early childhood. （ B） In late 1965. （ C） In the early 90s. （ D） In the 21st century. （ A） The boy had sold one of his paintings. （ B） The boy had found a special training method. （ C） The boy could give his fath
16、er an art lesson. （ D） The boy could draw better than his father. （ A） He learnt a variety of artistic styles and created one of his own. （ B） He copied paintings of different artistic styles by way of tracing. （ C） He taught himself painting using methods that are different from others. （ D） He had
17、 been tutored by an artist when he was only four years old. （ A） She was a commercial artist all her life. （ B） She was constantly creating something. （ C） She was not as encouraging as her husband. （ D） She outlived her husband for five years. （ A） Working with a grocery store. （ B） Cooking pizza.
18、（ C） Acting in a drama. （ D） Editing a newspaper. （ A） Globalization and exporting activities. （ B） Different types of overseas markets. （ C） Different relationships between export and import. （ D） The transition from export marketing to global marketing. （ A） The overall investment costs are low. （
19、 B） It is common to use agents, but not distributers. （ C） All sales centers are in home markets. （ D） Management is centered on the overseas base. （ A） The investment is not so high as export marketing. （ B） There is much more employment of home management. （ C） Production has expanded to overseas
20、markets. （ D） Local management is not responsible for making a profit. （ A） The business is established in all major world markets. （ B） The brand name or names are international. （ C） The business has a global identity. （ D） The business has cost centers all over the world. （ A） Export marketing. （
21、 B） International marketing. （ C） Global marketing. （ D） Its not mentioned in the talk. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer
22、all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 40 Since a gigantic Sainsbury is my local corner shop, I have a purseful of those coupons: “Heres
23、l. 45 off your next visit“, etc. But lately Ive felt 1 deserve another voucher: “Heres a tax rebate on the cash you pay our low-paid workers so they can subsist. “ The chances are they couldnt get by without you. A survey of Sainsbury employees by Unite last year found that 60% relied upon governmen
24、t working tax credits to top up their salaries. Even so, in the previous six months, a third had resorted to borrowing money to settle their bills. Low pay is always seen as a leftie, bleeding-heart issue. Poor oppressed workers. Aux barricades! Rather it should raise the blood pressure of every tax
25、payer. The constant conniptions of supermarkets competing for market share, discounting their rivals, fighting off the German upstarts Aldi and Lidl, distract from the fact that they are vastly wealthy. Sainsburys underlying profits for 2012-13 were 758 million: these have trebled in a decade. Who c
26、ould begrudge Sainsburys new CEO Mike Coupe his 900,000 basic salary, if only he paid all his 157,000 retail staff enough to live on without you and me chipping in? But he doesnt and, bizarrely, no one is inclined to make him. Voters abhor a high welfare bill or the notion that benefits arc rising f
27、aster than wages. But if the chancellor wanted to take 300 a year from every low-paid household, 490 from families with children, could he not at least have added: “I call upon our friends in business to make up the difference: to help cut the welfare bill, by paying all their employees a living wag
28、e. “ Because the problem is not just soaring welfare but stagnating wages. For the first time in British history, the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs. In the last decade, food bills have increased by 44% , energy costs more than doubled, but even now that the economy has ra
29、llied, wages have barely picked up. Now 5. 2 million of the workforce are paid below a rate at which decent life is sustainable. And since, without government support, families on minimum wage would barely be able to feed their children, in-work benefits cost taxpayers 28 billion a year. During the
30、Tory and Labour conferences, much was said about “political disconnect“ the angry distrust voters feel towards the major Westminster parties. It was ascribed to ideological differences on Europe. But deep down, its about money, stupid. Life is a trudge and people see no one capable of lightening the
31、ir step. The idea that prosperity should be shared, increased productivity linked to wages, fell apart in the 1980s. As Warren Buffett said recently, the class war was won “by my class, the rich class“. Employees know that even low-paid jobs are precious, that if they contemplate something as audaci
32、ously retro as striking, a pool of labour could rush to take their place. Companies relish their upper hand, play the austerity card during pay rounds even now times are better. When the retailer Next was asked why, despite record profits, its wages were still below the living wage, it replied that
33、since 30 people applied for every job advertised, how could it be paying too little? While the executive googles ski-breaks in Verbier, the cleaner emptying his bin walks to work to save on bus fares. The low-paid dont merely have less stuff: they have less stable relationships and weaker health. Ar
34、e their struggles invisible to those who pay their terrible salaries, or do they not care? I was encouraged to read in the report by the Living Wage Commission that not all lack heart. Sir John Bond, then chairman of HSBC, was moved by a speech from a Canary Wharf cleaner. Both then introduced the l
35、iving wage. Indeed Guy Stallard of KPMG, whose company has paid it since 2006, says staff turnover is lower and morale up. Give people the means to be fully human and they will be loyal. Now eight companies on the FTSE 100 index pay the living wage. But in retail, which has the biggest proportion of
36、 low-paid workers, not a single high street name has signed up. These days our only political muscle is as consumers, choosing Fairtrade, making ethical investments. And there would be great kudos for the first of the big four supermarkets who stopped sitting on its mega-profits while adding staff w
37、age bills to the welfare tab. 41 Why does the author say that low pay of supermarket workers “should raise the blood pressure of every taxpayer“(para. 1)? （ A） Because the low-paid workers would pay less income tax. （ B） Because the tax office would give them more tax credits. （ C） Because the super
38、market employees could only get by with customers. （ D） Because taxpayers would have to pay more for their in-work benefits. 42 What does the author imply when she says that “the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs“ for the first time in British history(para. 3)? （ A） Unemploym
39、ent remains a major issue in the U. K. （ B） Employment is the key to eradicate poverty. （ C） Instead of unemployment, low wages become the major issue. （ D） Social welfare is always connected to employees income. 43 The author introduced Warren Buffet in paragraph 4 to illustrate that_. （ A） a compa
40、nys success is mainly attributable to its top executives （ B） workers wages are no longer closely related to increased productivity （ C） in the Western world today the rich people win the war against the poor （ D） people with low pay should not resort to striking 44 What is the argument of the retai
41、ler Next? （ A） As too many people applied for every job advertised, the pay could not be low. （ B） Record profits have already shown that workers got their living wage. （ C） If fewer people apply for jobs advertised, then they will consider raising salaries. （ D） The retailer has to play the austeri
42、ty card even in better time. 45 Which of the following best shows the authors attitude towards the issue of supermarkets employees low wages? （ A） Indifferent, neutral, and matter-of-fact. （ B） Sympathetic, argumentative, and suggestive. （ C） Vehement, antagonistic, and opposing. （ D） Political, neg
43、otiating, and diplomatic. 45 When young college graduates decide where to move, they are not just looking at the usual suspects, like New York, Washington and San Francisco. Other cities are increasing their share of these valuable residents at an even higher rate and have reached a high overall per
44、centage, led by Denver, San Diego, Nashville, Salt Lake City and Portland, Ore. , according to a report published Monday by City Observatory, a new think tank. And as young people continue to spurn the suburbs for urban living, more of them are moving to the very heart of cities. The number of colle
45、ge-educated people age 25 to 34 living within three miles of city centers has surged, up 37 % since 2000. Some cities are attracting young talent while their overall population falls, like Pittsburgh and New Orleans. And in a reversal, others that used to be magnets, like Atlanta and Charlotte, are
46、struggling to attract them at the same rate. Even as Americans over all have become less likely to move, young, college educated people continue to move at a high clipabout a million cross state lines each year. Where they end up provides a map of the cities that have a chance to be the economic pow
47、erhouses of the future. “There is a very strong track record of places that attract talent becoming places of long-term success,“ said economist Edward Glaeser, “The most successful economic development policy is to attract and retain smart people and then get out of their way. “ The economic effect
48、s reach beyond the work the young people do, according to economist Enrico Moretti, For every college graduate who takes a job in an innovation industry, he found, five additional jobs are eventually created in that city. “Its a type of growth that feeds on itselfthe more young workers you have, the
49、 more companies are interested in locating their operations in that area and the more young people are going to move there,“ he said. About 25% more young college graduates live in major metropolitan areas today than in 2000, which is double the percentage increase in cities total population. All the 51 biggest metros except Detroit have gained young talent, either from net migration to the cities or from residents graduating from college. It
