1、2015年 6月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on parents role in their childrens growth. You should write at least 120 words
2、but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） The woman is the managers secretary. （ B） The man found himself in a wrong place. （ C） The man is the managers business associate. （ D） The woman was putting up a sign on the wall. （ A） He needs more time for the report. （ B） He needs help to interpret the
3、data. （ C） He is sorry not to have helped the woman. （ D） He does not have sufficient data to go on. （ A） A friend from New York. （ B） A message from Tony. （ C） A postal delivery. （ D） A change in the weather. （ A） She is not available until the end of next week. （ B） She is not a reliable source of
4、 information. （ C） She does not like taking exams. （ D） She does not like psychology. （ A） He will help the woman carry the suitcase. （ B） The womans watch is twenty minutes fast. （ C） The woman shouldnt make such a big fuss. （ D） There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry. （ A） Mary is not so
5、easygoing as her. （ B） Mary and she have a lot in common. （ C） She finds it hard to get along with Mary. （ D） She does not believe what her neighbors said. （ A） At an information service. （ B） At a car wash point. （ C） At a repair shop. （ D） At a dry cleaners. （ A） The woman came to the concert at t
6、he mans request. （ B） The man is already fed up with playing the piano. （ C） The piece of music the man played is very popular. （ D） The mans unique talents are the envy of many people. （ A） He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school. （ B） He worked at the Brownstone Company for s
7、everal years. （ C） He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago. （ D） He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit. （ A） He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility. （ B） He is eager to find a job with an increased salary. （ C） He likes to work in a company close to home.
8、 （ D） He would rather get a less demanding job. （ A） Sports. （ B） Travel. （ C） Foreign languages. （ D） Computer games. （ A） When he is supposed to start work. （ B） What responsibilities he would have. （ C） When he will be informed about his application. （ D） What career opportunities her company can
9、 offer. （ A） She is pregnant. （ B） She is over 50. （ C） She has just finished her project. （ D） She is a good saleswoman. （ A） He takes good care of Lisa. （ B） He is the CEO of a giant company. （ C） He is good at business management. （ D） He works as a sales manager. （ A） It is in urgent need of fur
10、ther development. （ B） It produces goods popular among local people. （ C） It has been losing market share in recent years. （ D） It is well positioned to compete with the giants. Section B （ A） It is lined with tall trees. （ B） It was widened recently. （ C） It has high buildings on both sides. （ D） I
11、t used to be dirty and disorderly. （ A） They repaved it with rocks. （ B） They built public restrooms on it. （ C） They beautified it with plants. （ D） They set up cooking facilities near it. （ A） What makes life enjoyable. （ B） How to work with tools. （ C） What a community means. （ D） How to improve
12、health. （ A） They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract. （ B） They were encouraged by the city officials praise. （ C） They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys. （ D） They derived happiness from the constructive work. （ A） The majority of them think it less important than computers. （ B
13、） Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned. （ C） The majority of them find it interesting. （ D） Few of them read more than ten books a year. （ A） Novels and stories. （ B） Mysteries and detective stories. （ C） History and science books. （ D） Books on culture and tradition. （ A） Watching TV.
14、（ B） Listening to music. （ C） Reading magazines. （ D） Playing computer games. （ A） Advice on the purchase of cars. （ B） Information about the new green-fuel vehicles. （ C） Trends for the development of the motor car. （ D） Solutions to global fuel shortage. （ A） Limited driving range. （ B） Huge recha
15、rging expenses. （ C） The short life of batteries. （ D） The unaffordable high price. （ A） They need to be further improved. （ B） They can easily switch to natural gas. （ C） They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy. （ D） They can match conventional motor cars in performance a
16、nd safety. Section C 26 My favorite T. V. show? “ The Twilight Zone. “ I【 B1】 _like the episode called “ The Printers Devil. “ Its about a newspaper editor whos being【 B2】 _out of business by a big newspaper syndicateyou know, a group of papers【 B3】_by the same people. Hes about to【 B4】 _when hes in
17、terrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered $5,000 to pay off his newspapers【 B5】 _, but this Smith character also offers his services for free. It turns out that the guy operates the printing machine with amazing speed, and soon hes turning out newspapers with
18、【 B6】 _. The small paper is successful again. The editor is【 B7】 _at how quickly Smith gets his storiesonly minutes after they happenbut soon hes presented with a contract to sign. Mr. Smith, it seems, is really the devil f The editor is frightened by this news, but he is more frightened by the idea
19、 of losing his newspaper, so he agrees to sign. But soon Smith is【 B8】 _the news even before it happensand its all terribleone disaster after another. Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I dont want to【 B9】 _the story for you. I really like these old episodes of “ The Twilight Zone“ because
20、the stories are fascinating. They are not realistic. But then again, in a way they are, because they deal with【 B10】 _. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 As a teacher, you could bring the community into your classroom in many ways
21、. The parents and grandparents of your students are resources and【 C1】 _for their children. They can be【 C2】 _teachers of their own traditions and histories. Immigrant parents could talk about their country of【 C3】 _and why they emigrated to the United States. Parents can be invited to talk about th
22、eir jobs or a community project. Parents, of course, are not the only community resources. Employees at local businesses and staff at community agencies have【 C4】 _information to share in classrooms. Field trips provide another opportunity to know the community. Many students dont have the opportuni
23、ty to【 C5】 _concerts or visit museums or historical sites except through field trips. A school district should have【 C6】 _for selecting and conducting field trips. Families must be made【 C7】 _of field trips and give permission for their children to participate. Through school projects, students can
24、learn to be【 C8】 _in community projects ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a park to assisting elderly people. Students,【 C9】 _older ones, might conduct research on a community need that could lead to action by a city council or state government. Some schools require students to provide comm
25、unity service by【 C10】 _in a nursing home, child care center or government agency. These projects help students understand their responsibility to the larger community. A)assets I)joining B)attend J)naturally C)aware K)observe D)especially L)origin E)excellent M)recruited F)expensive N)up-to-date G)
26、guidelines O)volunteering H)involved 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Reaping the Rewards of Risk-Taking A)Since Steve Jobs resigned as chief executive of Apple, much has been said about him as a peerless business leader who has
27、created immense wealth for shareholders, and guided the design of hit products that are transforming entire industries, like music and mobile communications. B)All true, but lets think different, to borrow the Apple marketing slogan of years back. Lets look at Mr. Jobs as a role model. C)Above all,
28、he is an innovator(创新者 ). His creative force is seen in products such as the iPod, iPhone, and iPad, and in new business models for pricing and distributing music and mobile software online. Studies of innovation come to the same conclusion: you cant engineer innovation, but you can increase the odd
29、s of it occurring. And Mr. Jobs career can be viewed as a consistent pursuit of improving those odds, both for himself and the companies he has led. Mr. Jobs, of course, has enjoyed singular success. But innovation, broadly defined, is the crucial ingredient in all economic progresshigher growth for
30、 nations, more competitive products for companies, and more prosperous careers for individuals. And Mr. Jobs, many experts say, exemplifies what works in the innovation game. D)We can look at and learn from Steve Jobs what the essence of American innovation is,“ says John Kao, an innovation consulta
31、nt to corporations and governments. Many other nations, Mr. John Kao notes, are now ahead of the United States in producing what are considered the raw materials of innovation. These include government financing for scientific research, national policies to support emerging industries, educational a
32、chievement, engineers and scientists graduated, even the speeds of Internet broadband service. E)Yet what other nations typically lack, Mr. Kao adds, is a social environment that encourages diversity, experimentation, risk-taking, and combining skills from many fields into products that he calls “ r
33、ecombinant mash-ups(打碎重组 ),“ like the iPhone, which redefined the smartphone category. “The culture of other countries doesnt support the kind of innovation that Steve Jobs exemplifies, as America does,“ Mr. John Kao says. F)Workers of every rank are told these days that wide-ranging curiosity and c
34、ontinuous learning are vital to thriving in the modern economy. Formal education matters, career counselors say, but real-life experience is often even more valuable. G)An adopted child, growing up in Silicon Valley, Mr. Jobs displayed those traits early on. He was fascinated by electronics as a chi
35、ld, building Heathkit do-it-yourself projects, like radios. Mr. Jobs dropped out of Reed College after only a semester and traveled around India in search of spiritual enlightenment, before returning to Silicon Valley to found Apple with his friend, Stephen Wozniak, an engineering wizard(奇才 ). Mr. J
36、obs was forced out of Apple in 1985, went off and founded two other companies, Next and Pixar, before returning to Apple in 1996 and becoming chief executive in 1997. H)His path was unique, but innovation experts say the pattern of exploration is not unusual. “Its often people like Steve Jobs who ca
37、n draw from a deep reservoir of diverse experiences that often generate breakthrough ideas and insights,“ says Hal Gregersen, a professor at the European Institute of Business Administration. I)Mr. Gregersen is a co-author of a new book, The Innovators DNA, which is based on an eight-year study of 5
38、,000 entrepreneurs(创业者 )and executives worldwide. His two collaborators and coauthors are Jeff Dyer, a professor at Brigham Young University, and Clayton Christensen, a professor at the Harvard Business School, whose 1997 book The Innovators Dilemma popularized the concept of “disruptive(颠覆性的 )innov
39、ation. “ J)The academics identify five traits that are common to the disruptive innovators: questioning, experimenting, observing, associating and networking. Their bundle of characteristics echoes the ceaseless curiosity and willingness to take risks noted by other experts. Networking, Mr. Hal Greg
40、ersen explains, is less about career-building relationships than a consistent search for new ideas. Associating, he adds, is the ability to make idea-producing connections by linking concepts from different disciplines. K)“Innovators engage in these mental activities regularly,“ Mr. Gregersen says.
41、“Its a habit for them. “ Innovative companies, according to the authors, typically enjoy higher valuations in the stock market, which they call an “innovation premium(溢价 ). “ It is calculated by estimating the share of a companys value that cannot be accounted for by its current products and cash fl
42、ow. The innovation premium tries to quantify(量化 )investors bets that a company will do even better in the future because of innovation. L)Apple, by their calculations, had a 37 percent innovation premium during Mr. Jobs first term with the company. His years in exile resulted in a 31 percent innovat
43、ion discount. After his return, Apples fortunes improved gradually at first, and improved markedly starting in 2005, yielding a 52 percent innovation premium since then. M)There is no conclusive proof, but Mr. Hal Gregersen says it is unlikely that Mr. Jobs could have reshaped industries beyond comp
44、uting, as he has done in his second term at Apple, without the experience outside the company, especially at Pixarthe computer-animation(动画制作 )studio that created a string of critically and commercially successful movies, such as “Toy Story“ and “Up. “ N)Mr. Jobs suggested much the same thing during
45、 a commencement address to the graduating class at Stanford University in 2005. “It turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me,“ he told the students. Mr. Jobs also spoke of perseverance(坚持 )and will power. “Sometimes life hits you in the head wit
46、h a brick,“ he said. “Dont lose faith. “ O)Mr. Jobs ended his commencement talk with a call to innovation, both in ones choice of work and in ones life. Be curious, experiment, take risks, he said to the students. His advice was emphasized by the words on the back of the final edition of The Whole E
47、arth Catalog, which he quoted: “ Stay hungry. Stay foolish. “ “ And,“ Mr. Jobs said, “ I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. “ 47 Steve Jobs called on Stanford graduates to innovate in his commencement address. 48 Steve Jobs considered him
48、self lucky to have been fired once by Apple. 49 Steve Jobs once used computers to make movies that were commercial hits. 50 Many governments have done more than the US government in providing the raw materials for innovation. 51 Great innovators are good at connecting concepts from various academic
49、fields. 52 Innovation is vital to driving economic progress. 53 America has a social environment that is particularly favorable to innovation. 54 Innovative ideas often come from diverse experiences. 55 Real-life experience is often more important than formal education for career success. 56 Apples fortunes suffered from an innovation discount during Jobs absence. Section C 56 Junk food is everywhere. Were eating way too much of it.
