1、2015年湖北省成人本科学位英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the cor
2、responding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把 按能力分班 )pupils. It do
3、es not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their inte
4、llectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects
5、of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop their leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, t
6、o analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs:sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when th
7、is is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work:it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encou
8、ragement to attain this goal. 1 In the passage the writers attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching“ is( ). （ A） critical （ B） questioning （ C） approving （ D） objective 2 By “held back“ the writer means“( )“. （ A） made to remain in the same classes （ B） forced to study in the lower classes （ C） draw
9、n to their studies （ D） prevented from advancing 3 The writer argues that a teachers chief concern should be the development of the students( ). （ A） personal qualities and social skills （ B） total personality （ C） learning ability and communicative skills （ D） intellectual ability 4 Which of the fo
10、llowing is not mentioned in the third paragraph? （ A） Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others. （ B） Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities. （ C） Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers. （ D） Pupils also l
11、earn how to participate in teaching activities. 5 The writers purpose in writing this passage is to( ). （ A） argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class （ B） recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities （ C） offer advice on the proper use of the library （ D） e
12、mphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching 5 There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me. I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old, just several weeks or maybe a month before the orphanage(孤儿院 )turned me into an old man. I w
13、ould get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory. After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned t
14、o the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the bushes scattered around the orphanage. I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after another, and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins throu
15、gh their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet. How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty. I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close. When the telephone rang t
16、he house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement(水泥 )step and went inside to answer the phone. I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still moving about so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing
17、one of the pins to fall out. It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin. Finally its wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just trembled. I picked up the torn wing and the butterfly and I spat on its wi
18、ng and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back. But it would not stay on him. 6 The author set the living butterfly free because( ). （ A） he liked it very much （ B） he had sympathy for the beautiful butterfly （ C） he couldnt bear a butterfl
19、y dying in his favorite bushes （ D） its wing broke off 7 According to the passage, the authors life in the orphanage was( ). （ A） dull and full of strict rules （ B） simple and easy （ C） happy and full of hope （ D） hard and busy 8 What is the authors attitude towards the house parents pinning some bu
20、tterflies on the cardboard? （ A） tolerant （ B） unconcerned （ C） disgusted （ D） discouraged 9 We know from the passage that( ). （ A） the author lived alone in the dormitory （ B） there were one hundred butterflies living in the bushes （ C） the cardboard paper was left on the step so as to be watched （
21、 D） the author failed to stick the worn wing onto the butterfly with his spit 10 Which of the following is right according to the passage? （ A） I found beauty meant nothing special to me. （ B） The house parent helped the children handle the quilt. （ C） The house parent chased the butterfly in order
22、to show it to the children. （ D） I thought it cruel to catch the butterfly. 10 What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say “I wish I could help you but Im short of
23、money myself. “In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you dont want to hurt his feeling by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie? Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. Ac
24、cording to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie “. For instance, when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress, she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely
25、 to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way. Research has also been done into the way p
26、eoples behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now “. They also tend t
27、o touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch. Another gesture which gives liars away is what t
28、he writer Desmond Morris in his book Man-watching calls “the mouth cover“. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious att
29、empt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying. Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alo
30、ne that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told. 11 According to the passage, a “white lie“ seems to be a lie( ). （ A） that other people believe （ B） that other people dont believe （ C） told in order to avoid offending someone （ D） tol
31、d in order to take advantage of someone 12 Research suggests that women( ). （ A） are better at telling less serious lies than men （ B） generally lie far more than men do （ C） often make promises they intend to break （ D） lie at parties more often that men do 13 Researchers find that when a person te
32、lls lies( ). （ A） his blood pressure increases measurably （ B） he looks very serious （ C） he tends to make some small changes in his behavior （ D） he uses his unconscious mind 14 One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they tell lies is that( ). （ A） they wish they were somewhere else （ B）
33、the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying （ C） they want to cover their mouths （ D） they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies 15 Which of the following may best betray a liar? （ A） The touching of the tip of ones nose. （ B） The changes of ones behavior. （ C） The mouth cove
34、r“ gesture. （ D） The circumstances in which his lie is told. 15 Throughout the past century humanity did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earths rivers, chopped down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we pumped a great deal of greenhouse gases into the air, al
35、tering the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades. And as our population began in the year 2000 above the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animal and plant species were dying out every day, including the first primate(灵长类 )to disappea
36、r in more than 100 years. As the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its revenge. Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more changeable than usual, giving some places too little r
37、ain and others too much. Fires raced across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms spread damages from Britain to China. No specific event could be directly blamed on global warming. Floods and drought will be more frequent and severe. Other sad signs from an overburdened planet incl
38、ude falling grain and fish harvests and fierce competition for scarce water supplies. But there were also, in the year 2000, signs of great awareness. Connected by the Internet, hundreds of millions of people gathered for the 30th anniversary of Earth Day. Governments from Washington to Lima took st
39、eps to protect the large wild areas from development. Progress was made toward using more renewable energy from the wind and the sun, and new cars that used both gasoline and electricity spotted(显示 )fuel-economy statistics. The goal for the new century is “sustainable development“ . Is that possible
40、? It depends on how well we understand that humanity is part of nature, not lord and master. 16 What is the result of the human control over the nature? （ A） Natural resources are being exhausted. （ B） There is a global warming effect. （ C） Species of animals and plants are reduced. （ D） A11 of the
41、above. 17 It can be inferred from the passage that scarce water supplies are directly caused by( ). （ A） less ice in both poles （ B） the more changeable weather （ C） something not mentioned in the text （ D） the larger population 18 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） Americ
42、a suffered a lot from fires last summer. （ B） The American government tried to stop development. （ C） Humanity built many dams in the past century. （ D） Dozens of animals and plants will no longer exist in more than 100 years. 19 The phrase “sustainable development“ in the last paragraph probably me
43、ans that economic development will( ). （ A） continue for a long time （ B） be more profitable than before （ C） support our growing population （ D） make full use of natural resources 20 The main purpose of the author is to make us( ). （ A） see what damage humanity did to nature （ B） fight with nature
44、and control it （ C） have more celebrations of Earth Day （ D） aware of the importance of environment protection 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer t
45、hat best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 ( )means the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels
46、has its own principles of organization. （ A） Creativity （ B） Duality （ C） Arbitrariness （ D） Displacement 22 ( )distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as langue and parole. （ A） Chomsky （ B） Saussure （ C） Gilman （ D） Brown 23 ( )is the
47、study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community. （ A） Psycholinguistics （ B） Sociolinguistics （ C） Anthropological linguistics （ D） Computation
48、al linguistics 24 The words such as “smog“ and “brunch“ are called( ). （ A） abbreviation （ B） acronym （ C） back-formation （ D） blending 25 For example, the word “bead“ originally means “prayer“, but later it refers to “the prayer bead“ , and finally “small, ball-shaped piece of glass, metal or wood
49、“. It is called( ). （ A） meaning shift （ B） broadening （ C） narrowing （ D） borrowing 26 ( )there is fresh air, there is oxygen. （ A） Wherever （ B） Whenever （ C） Unless （ D） Whether 27 The factory operated( )until the order was filled. （ A） at times （ B） to the minute （ C） day by day （ D） around the clock 28 After working for the firm for ten years, he finally( )the rank of deputy director. （ A） achieved （ B） approached （ C） attained （ D） acquired 29 If we( )our test tomorrow, I would have gone to the concert. （ A） werent to have （ B） hadnt been to have （ C） arent
