1、BEC商务英语（高级）阅读模拟试卷 124及答案与解析 一、 PART ONE 0 Look at the statements below and at the definitions of five frequently-talked terms in most recent years, which have reflected the current global concerns.Which definition(A, B, Cj, D or E)does each statement(1-8)refer to?For each statement(1-8), mark one le
2、tter(A, B, C, D or E)on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.There is an example at the beginning(0).Example:0 This company has sold off some of its brands. AGlobalisation is an umbrella term for a complex series of economic, social, technological, cultural and
3、 political changes seen as increasing interdependence, integration and interaction between people and companies in disparate locations. As a term, “globalisation“ has been used as early as 1944 but economists began applying it around 1982. Theodore Levitt is usually credited with its coining through
4、 the article he wrote in 1983 for the Harvard Business Review entitled “Globalisation of Markets“. The more encompassing phenomenon has been perceived in the context of sociological study on a worldwide scale.BInflation risk is whether a rate of return or an investment keeps up with the rate of infl
5、ation. For example, if there is 4 percent inflation over the year, you must have 4 percent more money at the end of the year than at the beginning of the year to buy the same amount of goods and services. That means your stock need to go up in value more than 4 percent to earn a return on your inves
6、tment. Stocks have generally done very well in this category.CA Low-Carbon Economy(LCE)is an economy which has a minimal output of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions into the biosphere, but specifically refers to the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. Recently, most of scientific and public opinion has come t
7、o the conclusion that there is such an accumulation of GHGs(especially CO2)in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic causes, that the climate is changing. The over-concentrations of these gases is producing global warming that affects long-term climate, with negative impacts on humanity in the foreseea
8、ble future. Gobally implemented LCEs therefore, are proposed as a means to avoid catastrophic climate change, and as a precursor to the more advanced, zero-carbon society and renewable-energy economy.DA web search engine, which is commonly named as “a search engine“, is designed to search for inform
9、ation on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories. Unlike Web d
10、irectories, which are maintained by human editors, search engines operate algorithmically or are a mixture of algorithmic and human input.ECultural tourism(also called culture tourism or cultural heritage tourism)is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or regions culture, specifically the
11、lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those peoples, their art, architecture, religion, and other elements that help shape their way of life. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their cultural facilities such as mu
12、seums and theatres. It can also include tourism in rural areas showcasing the traditions of indigenous cultural communities(i.e. festivals, rituals), and their values and lifestyle. 1 This term is sometimes used to describe the pursuit of free market policies in the world economy. 2 This term reflec
13、ts a stocks sensibility to unexpected changes in the inflation rate. 3 This term is also referred to as Low-Fossil-Fuel Economy which is proposed to cope with climate change. 4 This term was first used in economic field 38 years later than it had been first presented. 5 This term refers to a tool us
14、ed for searching on the Internet. 6 This term has been presented to describe a popular form of entertainment for the global public. 7 This term has been presented with the purpose of protecting the global environment. 8 This term has been used in a limited sphere, and people who dont use or have nev
15、er used the Internet dont benefit from it. 二、 PART TWO 8 Read this text about effective banking supervision. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(9-14), mark one letter(A-H)on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. There is an examp
16、le at the beginning(0). Effective Banking Supervision Effective supervision of banking organisations is an essential component of a strong economic environment in that the banking system plays a central role in making payments and mobilising and distributing savings. The task of supervision is to en
17、sure that banks operate in a safe and sound manner and that they hold capital and reserves sufficient to support the risks that arise in their business. Strong and effective banking supervision provides a public good that may not be fully provided in the marketplace and, along with effective macro-e
18、conomic policy, is critical to financial stability in any country.(0).G Banking supervision should foster an efficient and competitive banking system that is responsive to the publics need for good-quality financial services at a reasonable cost. Generally, it should be recognised that there is a tr
19、ade-off between the level of protection that supervision provides and the cost of financial intermediation.【 P1】 _ Supervision cannot, and should not, provide an assurance that banks will not fail. In a market economy, failures are a part of risk-taking. 【 P2】 _Such matters cannot therefore always b
20、e entirely the responsibility of banking supervisors; however, supervisors should have in place adequate arrangements for resolving problem bank situations. 1. Providing sound and sustainable macro-economic policies are not within the competence of banking supervisors. Supervisors, however, will nee
21、d to react if they perceive that existing policies are undermining the safety and soundness of the banking system.【 P3】 _ Therefore, sound macro-economic policies must be the foundation of a stable financial system. 2. A well-developed public infrastructure needs to cover the following facilities, w
22、hich, if not adequately provided, can significantly contribute to the destabilization of financial systems: A system of business laws including corporate, bankruptcy, contract, consumer protection and private property laws; Comprehensive and well-defined accounting principles and rules that command
23、wide international acceptance; A system of independent audits for companies of significant size. 3. Effective market discipline depends on an adequate flow of information to market participants, appropriate financial incentives to reward well-managed institutions and arrangements that ensure that in
24、vestors are not insulated from the consequences of their decisions.【 P4】 _ 4. Sufficiently flexible powers are necessary in order to effect an efficient resolution of problems in banks.【 P5】 _Where they are not, the prompt and orderly exit of institutions that are no longer able to meet supervisory
25、requirements is a necessary part of an efficient financial system. Forbearance, whether or not the result of political pressure, normally leads to worsening problems and higher resolution costs. 5. Deciding on the appropriate level of systemic protection is by and large a policy question to be taken
26、 by the relevant authorities, particularly where it may result in a commitment of public funds.【 P6】 _In order to preserve the operational independence of supervisors, it is important to draw a clear distinction between this systemic protection role and day-to-day supervision of solvent institutions
27、.Example: A In the absence of sound macro-economic policies, banking supervisors will be faced with a virtually impossible task.B The way in which failures are handled, and their costs borne, is in large part a political matter involving decisions on whether, and the extent to which, public funds sh
28、ould be committed to supporting the banking system.C Where problems are remediable, supervisors will normally seek to identify and implement solutions that fully address their concerns.D Supervisors will also normally have a role to play because of their in-depth knowledge of the institutions involv
29、ed.E The lower the tolerance of risk to banks and the financial system, the more intrusive and costly supervision is likely to be, eventually having an adverse effect on innovation and resource allocation.F Off-site monitoring can often identify potential problems, particularly in the interval betwe
30、en on-site inspections.G While thecost of banking supervision is indeed high, the cost of poor supervision has proved to be even higher.H Among the issues to be addressed are corporate governance and ensuring that accurate, meaningful, transparent and timely information is provided by borrowers to i
31、nvestors and creditors. 9 【 P1】 10 【 P2】 11 【 P3】 12 【 P4】 13 【 P5】 14 【 P6】 三、 PART THREE 14 Read the following article about team building in negotiation and the questions on the opposite page. For each question(15-20), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet. Build Your Team in Negotiat
32、ion You are leading a negotiating team for your company, facing off with a major client to work out a price increase. You think youre on solid footing youve done your homework, and you know the terms youre looking for. But after some opening niceties, one of your team members blurts out: “Just tell
33、us what do we need to do to get more of your business?“ And at that moment, you know youve lost the upper hand. Gaffes like this are more common than most businesspeople would care to admit. Team members, often unwittingly, routinely undermine one another and thus their teams across-the-table strate
34、gies. We studied 45 negotiating teams from a wide array of organisations, including ones in the finance, health care, publishing, manufacturing, telecom, and nonprofit sectors. And they told us their biggest challenges came from their own side of the table. Drawing on the lessons learned from the ex
35、periences of these teams, we offer advice on how to manage the two major obstacles to a negotiating teams success: aligning the conflicting interests held by members of your own team and implementing a disciplined strategy at the bargaining table. Align Your Own Teams Interests Its not surprising th
36、at negotiating teams wrestle with internal conflicts. After all, companies send teams to the negotiating table only when issues are political or complex and require input from various technical experts, functional groups, or geographic regions. Even though team members are all technically on the sam
37、e side, they often have different priorities and imagine different ideal outcomes: Business development just wants to close the deal. Finance is most concerned about costs. The legal department focuses on patents and intellectual property. Teams that ignore or fail to resolve their differences over
38、negotiation targets, tradeoffs, concessions, and tactics will not come to the table with a coherent negotiation strategy. They risk ending up with an agreement thats good for one part of the company but bad for another. On the basis of cur research, we recommend four techniques for managing conflict
39、s of interest within the team, internal tradeoffs they must make before they can coalesce around the highest-margin proposal. Work with constituents Underlying many conflicts of interest is the simple fact that members represent different constituencies within the organisation. People dont want to l
40、et their departments down, so they dig in on an issue important to their constituents that might not be in the best interest of the whole company. If constituents are presented with all the facts, however, they might be willing to concede more ground because theyll also see the bigger picture. To he
41、lp get everyone on board with a single negotiation strategy, some leaders deliberately assemble teams that contain only individuals good at forming relationships across constituencies. Managers who dont have the luxury of choosing their team members, though, might have to go an extra mile to engage
42、those constituencies themselves. One way is to invite important opinion leaders or decision makers to attend team planning sessions. Alternatively, team managers might have to embark on multiple rounds of bargaining with constituent departments. One manager described many times he went back and fort
43、h between the customer service department, the programme managers, and the engineers. Hed say, “OK, we need you to move a little bit more and get your number down a little bit more. We are close just come this little extra bit.“ 15 What does the example of the first paragraph mainly want to express?
44、 （ A） People should get well-prepared before the negotiation. （ B） It is essential to form a united strategy to ensure a negotiation teams success. （ C） The negotiation teams members shouldnt talk without permission. （ D） A negotiating team needs a skilled leader who can keep disagreements inside th
45、e team. 16 What are the two major obstacles for the negotiation team according to paragraph three? （ A） a unified negotiation strategy and conflicts of interests among members （ B） bad emotion and ineffective communication among team members （ C） mutual distrust and ill preparation （ D） ineffective
46、planning and lack tactics 17 Why are there conflicts of interests among negotiation members? （ A） They dont agree with each other. （ B） They stand for different departments in the company. （ C） They have different salaries. （ D） They dont get on well with each other. 18 What does the author say abou
47、t the internal conflicts of the negotiating teams? （ A） Its unusual for the negotiating teams to have internal conflicts. （ B） The internal conflicts of the negotiating teams cannot be solved. （ C） Measures should be taken to resolve the differences among the team members. （ D） There is no need to t
48、ackle the differences among the team members. 19 Which of the following would be the best title for the article? （ A） How to manage your negotiating team （ B） Negotiating techniques （ C） Conflicts of interests among negotiation members （ D） The way to settle disputes among employees 20 What will be
49、discussed in the following paragraph? （ A） The third technique for managing conflicts of interest within the negotiating team （ B） How to implement a displined strategy at the bargaining table （ C） How to avoid gaffes at the bargaining table （ D） How to be a good negotiating leader 四、 PART FOUR 20 Read the article below about company structure. Choose the correct word or words to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page. For each question(21-30), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet. There is an example at the
