1、BEC商务英语（高级）阅读模拟试卷 51及答案与解析 一、 PART ONE 0 A Jharkhand, a state that traditionally has focused on agriculture, is attracting big international investors as the costs of land and labour rise in coastal regions. In 2007 alone, 187 new foreign enterprises had established presences in the state. Jharkhand
2、s main drawlow wages and cheap landwill continue to provide incentives for Foreign Direct Investment in the years to come. The state capital Ranchi， a six-hour bus ride from Kolkata, accounts for about 30 percent of the total investment in the state. B Vietnam will continue to invest heavily in its
3、agricultural future. Rice is the major product of the country, and Vietnams ever-growing food demands will see that crop yields will need to be consistently high. Hi-tech research is required, and government policies will ensure that more R&D investment is put in the country. Hi-tech industries also
4、 are setting up in a number of development zones, many of which were opened around 2003 and are growing rapidly thanks to favourable incentives. C The future of Hubei is largely dependant on the success of the Three Gorges Dam project. As a result, there have been many upgrades of Hubeis river ports
5、, and there is likely to be many more as larger volumes of cargo are transported up and down the river. Wuhan intends to turn itself into the major manufacturing hub of central China. With the flow of river traffic from the Three Gorges and government incentives to move manufacturing inland. Wuhan i
6、s more likely to succeed in this aim, with further enterprises linked to exports and distributors likely to find a base in the city. D Philippines plans to invest more than $200 billion in infrastructure development in 2007. A large portion of Philippines industrial output is related to its rich min
7、eral deposits, with the smelting and pressing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals accounting for 19.6 percent of the total industrial output. Related manufacturing industries have been relocating to Philippines in recent years from Singapore and Malaysia. In the future, manufacture will continue to be
8、 a major industry in Philippines. E Manitoba is rich in natural resources and is a major source of timber products in Canada. It boasts rich deposits of copper, silver and uranium. There is a great need to further increase infrastructure, especially roads and rails. The provinces located at the cros
9、sroads of the nations two largest economic engines. Tourism is one of the major hopes here as the far west of the province is becoming more popular and accessible for those traveling to the lake routes. 1 The capital of this province tries to become a main manufacturing centre in the country. 2 The
10、country has carried out lots of favourable policies for hi-tech industries developing here. 3 The advantage of the geographical location provides the area with the opportunity for economic development. 4 In the year of 2007, about two hundred foreign corporations settled down in the state. 5 Agricul
11、ture plays a critical role in this country, and the government will invest a lot in agriculture. 6 Rich mineral deposits in this country have relocated manufacturing industry of Southeast Asia. 7 This area deposits rich natural resources, and is getting a tourist attraction. 8 Low labour and land co
12、sts are attracting foreign investors to the area. 二、 PART TWO 8 Transformation of Strategies of Thomson Corporation How does a business-to-business company find out exactly what end users do with its products? That was the question we wrestled with at the Thomson Corporation, because the people who
13、buy from us are not the same people who actually use our products in their daily work. But as older generations die out and younger ones come online, and as generations in the middle try e-books and realise their advantages, the demise of paper books will continue to accelerate. For Thomson, the ans
14、wer has been to combine multiple methods of deep customer inquiry, from market surveys to observing users directly in their workplace. Those efforts have been part of a front-end customer strategy that has become the cornerstone of the companys transformation. This strategy has included asking lawye
15、rs, accountants, financial analysts, investment managers, scientific researchers, and other professionals who use our products and services what they do on a minute-by-minute basis. (9) By doing so, weve learned how to help end users with their work in ways that might otherwise never have occurred t
16、o us. Such scrutiny of the end user wouldnt be unusual if we were a consumer products company. (10) But like most other B2B companies, Thomson historically had a much better understanding of its buyers than of its end users. (11) The transformation of Thomson began a little over a decade ago. (12) W
17、e published more than 200 newspapers, along with textbooks, law books, and professional journals, and operated the largest leisure travel business in the United Kingdom. Thomson was a prosperous leader in its markets, but we were concerned about the long-term viability of our business portfolio. Fir
18、st, our markets were not equal in terms of growth potential. Leisure travel, for example, was becoming increasingly competitive and turning into a commodity. To realise Thomsons full potential, we needed to become less diversified and more focused on the business model with the best prospects for th
19、e future. Second, as we looked around the corner we could see the beginnings of a radical change in market dynamics. (13) The worth of our considerable paper assets was in jeopardy. The transformation began with the divestiture of businesses that didnt fit our strategic focus on information publishi
20、ng services and with the acquisition of professional information publishing assets that did, along with investments in the technology needed to build and deliver products and services online. (14) These advances were driven by the changing needs of our end users and, by extension, our buyers. A The
21、real breakthroughs, however, came a few years into the transformation process. In 2001, when we realised we needed to focus more closely on customers than ever before. B At the time, Thomson was a nearly 70-year-old holding company with $8.7 billion in revenue. C But as older generations die out and
22、 younger ones come online, and as generations in the middle try e-books and realise their advantages, the demise of paper books will continue to accelerate. D P&G is known for following consumers around stores and observing them in their kitchens. E We knew a fair amount about, say, financial servic
23、es information managers, who were responsible for making purchasing decisions for an entire department, but little about the individual brokers or investment bankers who used our data, research, and other resources daily to make investment decisions for their clients. F In particular, it appeared th
24、at the rise of the internet would change the newspaper and publishing markets forever. G The internet has indeed become an integral part of consumers commercial activities. H Then weve systematically sought to deliver solutions that meet their needs during each of those hours. 三、 PART THREE 14 The d
25、ifficulty of balancing profits and social responsibility is very apparent when you consider environmental issues. Consumers value the goods and services that business produces, but businesses cannot produce goods and services without polluting to some degree. Businesses strive to lower their costs i
26、n order to offer products to consumers more efficiently and to make profits for investors, but sometimes it is necessary for businesses to spend more in order to pollute less. When such situations arise, whose interests should be served firstthose of society, the consumer, or the investor? Clearly,
27、this question has no easy answer, but examining how businesses pollute may provide some perspectives. Economic progress threatens our air, water, and land because these elements can so easily be tainted by pollution. Moreover, the pollution in any one element can easily taint the others. This proble
28、m is pervasive in industrialised and developing nations alike. In fact, the emerging economies of Asia and Latin America have built much of their growth on very loose environmental standards. But Mexico, Malaysia, and other countries are realising that their prosperity can be sustained only if their
29、 citizens can enjoy a quality of life that comes with a clean environment. At the same time, the countries of Eastern Europe are scrambling to reverse the decade of environmental neglect that occurred around the middle of the 20th century. As you can imagine, this is no easy task. The most noticeabl
30、e form of air pollution, smog, is produced by the interaction of sunlight and hydrocarbons(gases released when fossil fuels are burned). We need only look at the smog that hangs over many major cities of the world to know that air pollution is a problem that businesses, consumers, and governments mu
31、st address together. Another damaging air pollutant is acid rain, created when emissions from coal-burning factories and electric utility plants react with air. In addition, emissions from factories and cars pollute the air and contribute to global warming through the greenhouse effect, in which hea
32、ted gases form a layer of unusually warm air around the earth, trapping the suns heat and preventing the earths surface from cooling. Experts worry about airborne toxins that are emitted during some manufacturing processes. Large and small companies together release millions of pounds of chemical wa
33、stes into the air each year. Although the effects of many of these substances are unknown, some are known to be cancer causers. Of special concern in recent years are microscopic particulates in the air that may be responsible for more than 150,000 deaths each year. Our air is not the only part of o
34、ur environment to suffer. Water pollution has damaged many U.S. lakes, rivers, stream, harbours and coastal waters. This pollution comes from a variety of sources: manufacturing facilities, mining and construction sites, farms, and city sewage systems. The main threat is the careless day-to-day disp
35、osal of wastes from thousands of individual sources. Even if all wastewater were purified before being discharged, our groundwater would still be endangered by leakage from the millions of tons of hazardous substances that have been buried underground or dumped in improper storage sites. Much of thi
36、s pollution was created years ago by companies that carelesslybut legallydisposed of substances now known to be unhealthy. Cleaning up these wastes is extremely difficult and expensive. In addition, companies and individuals generate enormous amounts of solid wasteover 200 million tons in the United
37、 States each year. Much of this waste ends up in landfills. A large part of the problem is consumer demands for convenience and fashion. These demands lead to creating disposable items, manufacturing products with excess packaging, and discarding useful items that are no longer the hot style or colo
38、ur. Fortunately, recent efforts to conserve and recycle resources are helping to combat the land pollution problem. 15 What is the problem that businesses face when considering environmental issues? （ A） Businesses face the problem of producing goods and services that customer needs. （ B） Businesses
39、 face the problem of lowering costs. （ C） Businesses face the problem of making more profits for investors. （ D） Businesses face the problem of balancing profits and social responsibility. 16 Which countries need to change most in order to protect our environment? （ A） countries of Eastern Europe （
40、B） Mexico （ C） Malaysia （ D） countries of Asia and Latin America 17 What is greenhouse effect? （ A） It is produced by the interaction of sunlight and hydrocarbons. （ B） It is created when emissions from coal-burning factories and electric utility plants react with air. （ C） It is the gradual rise in
41、 temperature of the earth atmosphere which is caused by an increase of gases in the air trapping the heat of the sun. （ D） It is produced by airborne toxins that are emitted during some manufacturing processes. 18 Experts worry about airborne toxins that are emitted during some manufacturing process
42、es because （ A） companies release millions of pounds of chemical wastes into the air each year. （ B） the effects of many of these substances are unknown. （ C） some airborne toxins are known to be cancer causers. （ D） microscopic particulates in the air are responsible for 150,000 deaths each year. 1
43、9 How would our groundwater be endangered according to the fifth paragraph? （ A） It would be endangered by manufacturing factories. （ B） It would be endangered by leakage from masses of hazardous substances that were buried underground or dumped in improper storage sites. （ C） It would be endangered
44、 by careless day-to-day disposal of wastes from thousands of individual sources. （ D） It would be endangered by substances which are thrown away carelessly by companies. 20 What is the tone of this passage? （ A） optimistic （ B） pessimistic （ C） subjective （ D） objective 四、 PART FOUR 20 People can be
45、 addicted to different things-alcohol, drugs, even television. People who have such an addiction are (21) which means they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they (22) spend money.
46、This compulsion, like most others, is (23) impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that (24) credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is a
47、ctually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of (25) hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunter, however, often buy things that they dont need just because they ar
48、e (26) . They want to believe that they are helping their budgets. (27) they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are (28) . Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that
49、they do and the real reason. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and (29) use psychology to increase business. They (30) peoples needs for love, power or influence, their basic values and beliefs in advertising and sales methods. Psychologists often use a method called behavior therapy to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money. （ A） compulsory （ B） compul
