1、BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Part 1 0 Shooting molten rock more than 500 meters into the air, Etna sent streams of lava rushing down its northeastern and southern flanks. The eruption was accompanied by hundreds of earthquakes measuring up to 4.3 on the Richter scale. As a huge plume of smoke and ash d
2、rifted across the Mediterranean Sea, residents of Linguaglossa(the name means “tongues“ of lava)tried to ward off the lava flows by parading a statue of their patron saint through the towns streets.【 R1】 _. But the episode was unnerving because it was so similar to an erratic eruption on the volcano
3、s southern flank in the summer of 2001 that destroyed parts of a tourist complex and threatened the town of Nicolosi. Some of the lavas discharged in both events were of an unusual type last produced in large amounts at the site about 15,000 years ago.【 R2】 _. The Sicilians living near Mount Etna ha
4、ve long regarded the volcano as a restless but relatively friendly neighbor.【 R3】 _. But now some researchers believe they have found evidence that Etna is very gradually becoming more dangerous. It is unlikely that Etna will explode like Mount Saint Helens in the near future, but fierce eruptions m
5、ay become more common. 【 R4】 _. Extensive reports and legends record about 3,000 years of the volcanos activity, but a reliable chronicle has been available only since the 17th century. Most of the earlier accounts are limited to particularly violent eruptions, such as those occurring in 122 B.C. an
6、d A.D. 1169, 1329, 1536 and 1669. During the eruption in 1669, an enormous lava flow buried part of the city of Catania before pouring into the sea. With a surface area of approximately 1,200 square kilometers, Etna is Europes largest volcano. Its 3,340-meter-high peak is often covered with snow.【 R
7、5】 _. Blocks of this material are occasionally caught in the magma the molten rock moving upwardand ejected at the surface. Numerous blocks of white sandstone were blown out during the 2001 and 2002 eruptions. This phenomenon occurs whenever magma must open new paths for its ascent, as is usually th
8、e case with lateral eruptions(those that occur on the volcanos flanks). The volcano is more than 500,000 years old. Remnants of its earliest eruptions are still preserved in nearby coastal regions in the form of pillow lavas, which emerge underwater and do in fact look like giant pillows.【 R6】 _. To
9、day a much steeper cone rests on the ancient shield volcano. It consists of at least five generations of volcanic edifices that have piled up during the past 100,000 to 200,000 years, each atop the remnants of its eroded or partly collapsed predecessor.【 R7】 _. Among Etnas special features are the h
10、undreds of small cinder cones scattered about its flanks. Each marks a lateral outbreak of magma.【 R8】 _. A. Only the upper 2,000 meters consists of volcanic material; the mountain rests on a base of sedimentary rock beds. B. Perhaps because of divine intervention, nobody was hurt and damage was not
11、 widespread. C. The name of “Etna“ is derived from an old Indo-Germanic root meaning “burned“ or “burning“. D. At first, a shield volcano so called because it resembles a shield placed face-up on the ground grew in a depression in the area where Etna now stands. E. One of the worlds most productive
12、volcanoes, Etna has spewed about 30 million cubic meters of igneous material each year since 1970, with a peak eruption rate of 300 cubic meters a second. F. At that time, a series of catastrophic eruptions led to the collapse of one of Etnas predecessor volcanoes. G. Though persistently active, Etn
13、a has not had a major explosive eruption such as the devastating 1980 event at Mount Saint Helens in Washington State for hundreds of years. H. The present-day cone has been built in the past 5,000 to 8,000 years. 1 【 R1】 2 【 R2】 3 【 R3】 4 【 R4】 5 【 R5】 6 【 R6】 7 【 R7】 8 【 R8】 8 Todays career assump
14、tions are you can get a lot of development, challenge and job satisfaction and not necessarily be in a management role. A new malady is running rampantly in corporate America: management phobia. 【 R1】 _ “I hated all the meetings,“ says a 10-year award-winning manager, And I found the more you did fo
15、r people who worked for you, the more they expected. 【 R2】 _ With technology changing in a wink, you can never slack off these days if youre on the technical side. 【 R3】 _ In addition, the Dilbert factor is at work. With Scott Adamss popular cartoon character as well as many television sitcoms routi
16、nely portraying managers as morons or enemies, they just dont get much respect anymore. Supervising others was always a tough task, but in the past that stress was offset by hopes for career mobility and financial rewards. 【 R4】 _ But in todays global, more competitive arena, a manager sits on an in
17、secure perch.【 R5】 _There are far fewer rungs on the corporate ladder for managers to climb. In addition, managerial jobs demand more hours and headaches than ever before but offer slim, if any, financial paybacks and perks. Furthermore, managers now must supervise many people who are spread over di
18、fferent locations, even over different continents. 【 R6】 _ In an age of entrepreneurship, when the most praised people in business are those launching something new, management seems like an invisible, thankless role. 【 R7】_ Management layoffs have done much to erode interest in managerial jobs, of
19、course. 【 R8】 _ A. Many people dont want to be a manager and many people who are managers are, frankly, itching to jump off the management track or have already. B. Its a rare person who can manage to keep up on the technical side and handle a management job, too. C. Restructuring have eliminated la
20、yer after layer of management as companies came to view their organizations as collections of competencies rather than hierarchies. D. They must manage across functions with, say, design, finance, marketing and technical people reporting to them. E. I was a counselor, motivator, financial adviser an
21、d psychologist. F. Employers are looking for people who can do things, not for people who make other people do things. G. American Management Association surveys say three middle managers are laid off for every one being hired. H. Along with a sizable pay raise, people chosen as managers would begin
22、 a nearly automatic climb up the career ladder to lucrative executive perks: stock options, company cars, club memberships, plus the key to the executive washroom. 9 【 R1】 10 【 R2】 11 【 R3】 12 【 R4】 13 【 R5】 14 【 R6】 15 【 R7】 16 【 R8】 16 【 R1】 _While both have a large element of chance, in the long
23、run the winner is the man who plays with steady skill. In both games ultimate victory requires intimate knowledge of the rules, insight into the psychology of the other players, self-confidence, a considerable amount of self-discipline, and the ability to respond swiftly and effectively to opportuni
24、ties provided by chance. No one expects poker to be played on the ethical principles preached in churches. 【 R2】 _ The man who keeps an ace up his sleeve or who marks the cards is more than unethical; he is a crook, and can be punished as such kicked out of the game or, in the Old West, shot. In con
25、trast to the cheat, the unethical poker player is one who, while abiding by the letter of the rules, finds ways to put the other players at an unfair disadvantage. Perhaps he bothers them with loud talk.【 R3】 _Ethical poker players frown on such tactics. 【 R4】 _The game calls for distrust of the oth
26、er fellow. It ignores the claim of friendship. Cunning deception and concealment of ones strength and intentions, not kindness and openheartedness, are vital in poker.【 R5】 _And no one should think any the worse of the game of business because its standards of right and wrong differ from the prevail
27、ing traditions of morality in our society. That most businessmen are not indifferent to ethics in their private lives, everyone will agree. My point is that in their office lives they cease to be private citizens; they become game players who must be guided by a somewhat different set of ethical sta
28、ndards. The point was forcefully made to me by a Midwestern executive who has given a good deal of thought to the question: “So long as a businessman complies with the laws of the land and avoids telling harmful lies, he is ethical. If the law as written gives a man wide-open chance to make a killin
29、g, he would be a fool not to take advantage of it.【 R6】_There is no obligation on him to stop and consider who is going to get hurt. If the law says he can do it, thats all the justification he needs. There is nothing unethical about that. 【 R7】 _ I think it is fair to sum up the prevailing attitude
30、 of businessmen on ethics as follows: We live in what is probably the most competitive of the worlds civilized societies. Our customs encourage a high degree of aggression in the individuals striving for success. Business is our main area of competition, and it has been made into a game of strategy.
31、 The basic rules of the game have been set by the government, which attempts to detect and punish business frauds. But as long as a company does not break the rules of the game set by law, it has the legal right to shape its strategy without reference to anything but its profits. 【 R8】 _ A. No one t
32、hinks any the worse of poker on that account. B. We can learn a good deal about the nature of business by comparing it with poker. C. If he doesnt, somebody else will. D. Poker has its special ethics, and here I am not referring to rules against cheating. E. Its just plain business sense. F. Or he t
33、ries to get them drunk. G. Decisions in this area are, finally, decisions of strategy, not of ethics. H. Pokers own brand of ethics is different from the ethical ideals of civilized human relationships. 17 【 R1】 18 【 R2】 19 【 R3】 20 【 R4】 21 【 R5】 22 【 R6】 23 【 R7】 24 【 R8】 BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 10答案与解析 一、
34、Part 1 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 1 【正确答 案】 B 【试题解析】 此句的前一句讲到了当地的原始居民在火山爆发时，往往是求助于守护神。 B句讲的是 “也许是由于神的干预，没有人受伤，而且损失也很小。 ”承接了前一句。后文转折进一步说尽管是没有多少损失，但是这个事情也使人不安。此句与前后文呼应，因此 B为正确答案。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 2 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 前一句讲到 15 000年以前一些熔岩持续的喷发，并且数量巨大。 F句讲到了： “在那段时间里，一系列的灾难性的火山喷发导致了 Etna之前的火山崩塌。 ”“at that time”与前文的 “
35、15,000 years ago”呼应，前后句是因果的关系。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 3 【正确答案】 G 【试题解析】 前一句讲了居民们认为尽管火山活动频繁，但是它还表现得相对友善。 G句讲到： “尽管火山一直在活动，但在近百年中并没有大的突然的喷发。 ”与前一句连接很紧密，是前一句的进一步的补充说明。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 这一段介绍了 Etna火山的起源， C句讲了火山名称的由来，后面讲述了历史 上火山的一些喷发过程。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 这段讲到了火山的组成， A句说： “只有上
36、面的 2000米是火山质物质，其余都是由沉淀的岩石层构成的。 ”正好讲述了火山的组成。故 A正确。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 前一句讲了很早以前一些火山喷发后所留下的痕迹。 D句意为：“一个盾状的火山矗立在现在 Etna火山所在的凹陷处 ”。此句承接了前一句，前后连接紧密，因此 D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 逻 辑分析选择填空题 7 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 空格的前一句提到了 “a much steeper cone”，空格后一句提到了“small cinder cones”，而 H句中也提到 “The present-day cone”，前
37、后呼应，因此选 H。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 8 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 前一句讲到了 Etna火山的一些特点，最后一句 E句进一步描述了Etna火山是如何成为世界上最活跃的火山的。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 【知识模 块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章第 1段提出当今的职业设想是你能够有足够的发展机会、挑战和工作上的满足感，而不是是否坐上经理的位子。接着第 2段第 1句话提到，一一种新的病症 经理恐惧症 正在美国的公司内迅速蔓延。句 A提到许多人不想成为经理，许多已经是经理的人正试图脱离旧的管理套路，是对这一现象的进一步说明，因此选
38、A。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 10 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 第 3段提到了一个经理人的烦恼 “我发现你为人们做得越多，他们就 期望得越多。 ”句 E： “我要同时扮演顾问、动员者、财务顾问和心理咨询师的角色。 ”说明了经理工作的复杂与困难，并且这两句话都是第 1人称，是一个经理人的自述，因此选 E。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第 4段提到了技术发展的迅速程度，如果你是负责技术方面的，就丝毫不敢懈怠。句 B“很少有人能既懂技术又担负管理职责 ”与第 1句结合在一起说明了技术领域的管理者尤其不易。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 1
39、2 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 第 6段提 到了过去经理人的工作条件 “尽管监督别人工作是件棘手的事，但在过去升职的希望和经济上的回报为此做出了补偿 ”，句 H具体谈到了经理人所能享受的优待条件： “被选中成为经理的人们差不多将自动沿着晋升阶梯一路通向有利可图的高级管理层：拥有股票认购权，享受公车，成为高级俱乐部会员，享受行政人员的专用洗手间。 ”是对第 1句的具体说明，因此选 H。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 7段提到现在的情况变了，在今天全球竞争加剧的环境中，经理的位子不容易做得稳，句 C： “随着公司 开始意识到企业的组成方式应该是招贤
40、纳士而不是等级森严，企业内部的重组逐渐打破了层层管理。 ”这是关于企业内部管理形式的变化，说明经理的位子不再像以前那样牢靠了，因此选 C。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 第 8段开头一句提到经理们必须监督分布在不同地区甚至不同大陆的人，说明经理工作的难度增大，而句 D提到他们必须管理不同职责分工的人，例如设计、财务、营销和技术人员，这也是说明经理工作的难度，因此选 D。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 15 【正确 答案】 F 【试题解析】 第 9段提到在企业家创业的年代，经理们的作用似乎是看不见的，因此他们也就不那么受欢迎了，句 F： “雇主们要找
41、的是做事的人，而不是让其他人做事的人。 ”说明了在新的时期，经理们不那么受欢迎的原因，因此选 F。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 16 【正确答案】 G 【试题解析】 最后 1段提到对管理人的裁减削弱了人们对管理工作的兴趣。句G： “根据美国管理协会的调查结果，平均有 1个管理者受聘就要有 3个被解雇。 ”这具体说明了管理人员裁减的幅度之大，与第 1句的 “management layoffs”相照应，因此选 G。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本文第 1段主要讲的是做生意与玩扑克这两种游戏之间的一些共同之处。那么
42、 B选项： “将做生意与玩扑克作一比较就可让我们了解生意的本质。 ”作为此段的主题句非常恰当。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 空格处的前句谈到： “没人要求玩扑克得按照教堂所宣讲的伦理规范去进行。 ”D选项： “扑克有其自身的 特殊规矩，我不是指禁止作弊的规矩。 ”是对前句的解释说明，自然承接上句。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 19 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此段主要讲的是不规矩的玩扑克者的一些具体做法。空格前一句说的是： “大声说话，烦扰对方。 ”F选项 “或把对方灌醉 ”是不规矩者的另一种做法。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 20
43、【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 此段的大意是讲玩扑克的伦理规范与文明社会道德规范的不同之处。 H选项： “扑克的伦理规范不同于文明社会人际伦理理想。 ”点明了主题。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 21 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 空格前句讲到玩扑克的一些伦理规范，比如：忽略友谊、狡猾地欺骗对方、隐瞒自己的实力和意图 。 A选项： “不会有人因此而蔑视扑克。 ”是对前句的评论，自然衔接上句。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 22 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本段主要讲的是一位公司执行官对商业道德规范的理解：商人只要守法，不恶意撒谎，那他就是守规矩的。空格前句谈到： “如果法律允许某
44、人赚笔钱，那么他不去做才是傻瓜。 ”C选项： “如果他不 去，那么其他人也会去的。 ”是对上句的补充说明。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 23 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 第 7句与第 6句在同一段， E选项： “这是简单的商业常识。 ”是对该段的总结。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题 24 【正确答案】 G 【试题解析】 本文最后一段主要归纳了商人对商业道德规范的态度：商业是竞争的主战场，是策略性很强的游戏。只要公司不去触犯法律规范，它就有合法的权力制定策略，谋取利润。 G选项： “商业决策是策略性决策，不是伦理决策。 ”与该段意思密切， 是对该段主题的解释说明。 【知识模块】 逻辑分析选择填空题
