1、BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 34及答案与解析 一、 Part 3 0 While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least UN is getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than two million have left the rolls since 1994. In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athe
2、ns country has been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: the Athens country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent twice the national average. For advocates for the poor, thats an indication that mu
3、ch more needs to be done. “More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better, “ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage
4、of single, fame-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. “Welfare w
5、as a poison. It was a toxin that was poisoning the family,“ says Rector, a welfare reform analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important. “ Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of depend
6、ency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards. 1 It can be seen from the passage that the author _. （ A） is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform （ B） insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor （ C） believes the
7、 reform has reduced the governments burden （ D） considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful 2 Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? （ A） Because their wages are low. （ B） Because many families are divorced. （ C） Because the cost of living is rising. （ D） Because gov
8、ernment aid is now rare. 3 What is worth noting from the example of Athens country is that _. （ A） 60 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare （ B） 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years （ C） the living standards of most people are going down （ D） great efforts
9、should be made to improve peoples living standards 4 From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _. （ A） providing more jobs （ B） saving welfare funds （ C） rebuilding the work ethic （ D） cutting government expenses 5 According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _. （
10、A） the poor used to rely on government aid （ B） the poverty rate was lower （ C） the average worker was paid higher wages （ D） average living standards were higher 6 From the passage we can infer that before 1994 _. （ A） most of the people depended on government （ B） most of the people took jobs （ C）
11、 we dont know as the passage didnt say （ D） most of the people live a richer life 7 About the welfare reform the authors attitude is _. （ A） indifferent （ B） positive （ C） objective （ D） critical 7 Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate“, in other wor
12、ds, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees, is. David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people are seeing this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the
13、 computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate“. Daived first got the idea when he visited one of Americas best-known computer “guru“ figures, Bob Arbrecht, in the small univ
14、ersity town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrect had started a project called Computertown USA in the local literary, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computer there, instead of borrowing literary books. Albrecht was always on hand to answe
15、r any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way. Over there, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied up with a computer club. He insisted t
16、here was a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computert
17、owns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; they are not told what to do, they find out. David Tebbutt finds it interesting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have t
18、o learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answer to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins where the experts listen to a lot of questions and trying to work out some structure
19、to answer them. People are not having to learn computer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming “people-literate“. 8 According to the passage, David Tubbutts purpose of running Computertown UK is to_. （ A） train peo
20、ple to understand how computers work （ B） make more computers available to people （ C） enable people to fix computer themselves （ D） help people find out more about computers 9 We learn from the passage that Computertown USA was a_. （ A） town （ B） project （ C） library （ D） school 10 Which of the fol
21、lowing statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Computertowns in the UK have become popular. （ B） Computertowns and clubs cater for different people. （ C） Computertowns are more successful than clubs. （ D） Its better that Computertowns and clubs work together. 11 Which of the following is NOT an advantage of C
22、omputertowns? （ A） Experts give lectures and talks on computers. （ B） Experts are on hand to answer peoples questions. （ C） People are left to discover computers on their own. （ D） There are computers around for people to practice on. 12 Which of the following viewpoints does David disagree with? （
23、A） Bringing computer to people and making them “people-literate“. （ B） Computer is a good way to get people closer. （ C） Computertown can meet peoples need to become “computer-literate“. （ D） Computertown is a good way to show peoples ability. 13 According to the passage, which is the main differenc
24、e between Computertowns and computer clubs? （ A） Peoples ages. （ B） Peoples tastes. （ C） Whether they have experts take part in. （ D） The passage didnt refer to. 14 According to the last paragraph, what is the consequence of computer town and computer clubs working together? （ A） The computers becom
25、e “people-literate“. （ B） The computers become “computer-literate“. （ C） It makes people learn computer easier. （ D） It gives more opportunities to the non-experts to do practice. 14 Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is
26、 revealed as a member of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has changed into a harmless football and his prey into a goalmouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place we must brie
27、fly look back at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became radically changed. They cooperated as skillful male-group atta
28、ckers. Then, about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long formative period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their unproved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use that of penning, controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly
29、out of date. The food was there on the farms, waiting for their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival. The hunting skills and the hunting urges remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activ
30、ity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead, the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their well-being.(To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much sim
31、pler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.)The chase became exposed and end in itself. The logical extension of this trend was the big game hunter who never ate his kill, but merely hung its stuffed head on his wall, and the fox-hunter who has to breed foxes in order to release them to hunt them down. An
32、alternation solution was to transform the activities of the hunting pack into other patterns of behavior. The key to the transformation lies in the fact that there was no longer any need to eat the prey. This being so, then why bother to kill any animal? A symbolic killing is all that is needed, pro
33、viding the thrill of the chase can be retained. The Greek solution was athletics-field sports involving chasing, jumping, and throwing. The athletes, experienced the vigorous physical activities so typical of the hunting scene, and the patterns they performed were all elements of the ancient hunting
34、 sequence, but their triumph was now transformed from the actual kill to a symbolic one of “winning“. 15 The hunt became out of date because _. （ A） people lost interests in hunting （ B） the wild animals decreased in number （ C） people didnt rely on hunting as food supply （ D） hunting was dangerous
35、16 The advantage of farming lies in that _. （ A） the food supply is ensured （ B） people didnt take risks （ C） people had vegetables to eat （ D） both A and B 17 With the appearance of farming, people began to _. （ A） hunt for sport （ B） hunt more preys （ C） give up hunting （ D） hunt foxes only 18 In
36、paragraph 4, the “much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal“ refers to _. （ A） domesticating animals （ B） fishing （ C） hunting （ D） none of them 19 According to the author, sports activities are _. （ A） competitive behaviors （ B） symbolic hunting activities （ C） aggressive behaviors （ D） cruel act
37、ivities 20 The Greek sports activity did not include _. （ A） chasing （ B） swimming （ C） jumping （ D） throwing 21 The main difference between sports and ancient hunting lies in that _. （ A） the former is safer than the latter （ B） there are audience in athletics-field （ C） the former emphasizes the p
38、rocess itself （ D） the winner in sport activities has rewards 21 What do you think of when you hear the word motherhood? If you are like most people, you associate motherhood with a number of positive characteristics, such as warmth, selflessness, dutifulness, and tolerance. And though most women ex
39、pect that motherhood will be happy and fulfilling, the reality is that motherhood had been accorded relatively low prestige in our society. When stacked up against money, power, and achievement, motherhood unfortunately doesnt fare too well, and mothers rarely receive the appreciation they warrant.
40、When children dont succeed or develop problems, our society has had a tendency to attribute the lack of success of the development of problems to a single source mothers. One of psychologys most important lessons is that behavior is multiply determined. So it is with childrens development; when deve
41、lopment goes awry, mothers are not the single cause of the problems even though our society stereotypes them in this way. The reality of motherhood in the 1990s is that although fathers have increased their child-rearing responsibilities somewhat, the main responsibility for child-rearing still fall
42、s on the mothers shoulders. Mothers do far more family work than fathers do two to three times more. A few “exceptional“ men do as much family work as their wives; in one study the figure was 10 percent of the men. Not only do women do more family work than men, the family work most women do is unre
43、lenting, repetitive, and routine, often involving cleaning, cooking, child care, shopping, laundry, and straightening up. The family work most men do is infrequent, irregular, and non-routine, often involving household repairs, taking out the garbage, and yard work. Women report that they often have
44、 to do several tasks at once, which helps to explain why they find domestic work less relaxing and more stressful than men do. Because family work is intertwined with love and embedded in family relations, it has complex and contradictory meanings. Most women feel that family tasks are mindless but
45、essential. They usually enjoy tending to the needs of their loved ones and keeping the family going, even if they do not find the activities themselves enjoyable and fulfilling. Family work is both positive and negative for women. They are unsupervised and rarely criticized, they plan and control th
46、eir own work, and they have only their own standards to meet. However, womens family work is often worrisome, tiresome, menial, repetitive, isolating, unfinished, inescapable, and often unappreciated. It is not surprising that more men than women report that they are satisfied with their marriage. I
47、n sum, the role of the mother brings with it benefits as well as limitations. Although motherhood is not enough to fill most womens entire lives, for most mothers, it is one of the most meaningful experiences in their lives. Father-mother cooperation and mutual respect helps the child to develop pos
48、itive attitudes toward both males and females. It is much easier for working parents to cope with changing family circumstances and day-care issues then the father and mother equitably share child-rearing responsibilities. Mothers feel less stress and have more positive attitudes toward their husban
49、ds when they are supportive partners. 22 When childrens development goes awry, the cause of problems is usually attributed to _. （ A） mothers （ B） fathers （ C） society （ D） schools 23 Men have increased their child-rearing responsibilities, and _. （ A） men and women share family work equally （ B） men do more family work than women （ C） women still do more family work than men （ D） women do not do any family work any more 24 In terms of achievement, motherhood _
