1、BFT（阅读）模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Part 1 0 Read the following passage. Eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences AH the one which fits each gap. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(AH)on the Answer Sheet. Most people associate inflation with price increases on specific goods a
2、nd services.【 R1】 _We must be careful to distinguish the phenomenon of inflation from price increases for specific goods. 【 R2】 _ Suppose you wanted to know the average price of fruit in the supermarket.【 R3】_You might have some success, however, if you sought out the prices of apples, oranges, cher
3、ries, and peaches. Knowing the price of each kind of fruit, you could then compute the average price of fruit. The resultant figure would not refer to any particular product, but would convey a sense of how much a typical basket of fruit might cost.【 R4】 _On occasion, you might even notice that appl
4、e prices rose while orange prices fell, leaving the average price of fruit unchanged. The same kinds of calculations are made to measure inflation in the entire economy. We first determine the average price of all output the average price level then look for changes in that average. 【 R5】 _ The aver
5、age price level may fall as well as rise.【 R6】 _The deflation occurs when price decreases on some goods and services outweigh price increases on all others. 【 R7】 _We already noted, for example, that the price of apples can rise without increasing the average price of fruit, so long as the price of
6、some other fruit(e.g. oranges)falls.【 R8】 _An increasing in the relative price of apples, for example, simply means that apples have become more expensive in comparison with other fruits(or any other goods or services). A. Because inflation and deflation are measured in terms of average price levels
7、, it is possible for individual prices to rise or fall continuously without changing the average price level. B. A decline in average price is called deflation. C. A rise in the average price level is referred to as inflation. D. In such circumstances, relative prices are changing, but not average p
8、rices. E. The economy is not necessarily experiencing an inflation, however, every time the price of a cup of coffee goes up. F. Surely you would not have much success in seeking out an average fruit nobody would be quite sure what you had in mind. G. Inflation is an increase in the average level of
9、 prices, not a change in any specific price. H. By repeating these calculations every day, you could then determine whether fruit prices, on average, were changing. 1 【 R1】 2 【 R2】 3 【 R3】 4 【 R4】 5 【 R5】 6 【 R6】 7 【 R7】 8 【 R8】 二、 Part 2 8 Read the following article and answer questions 9 -18 on th
10、e next page. Apples: The Live Longer Fruit 0. Apples have been a product of healthy eating for many years, and the often-repeated line of an apple a day keeping the doctor away is far from a myth. Apples really do have a wonderful variety of nutritional benefits, and are a tasty addition to any diet
11、 of good health and longevity. Below is a list of the top five benefits of making apples a standard part of your daily diet. 1. Pectin(果胶 )is a source of dietary fiber and a very handy nutrient to have in ones diet. While it is also found in oranges, plums, and other fruits, apples have the highest
12、concentration of them all. Pectin works to increase the stools volume and resistance of fluids and is therefore helpful in treating constipation, diarrhea, and generally improving the health of the bowels(肠 ). 2. A study on nutrition and heart disease found that eating three apples a day for three m
13、onths can help you to drop your cholesterol by at least 20 points. How does this happen? Apple pectin, that miraculous source of dietary fiber, helps to draw bad LDL cholesterol out of the system. Not only that, but the antioxidant quercetin(栎皮酮 )that is found in apples inhibits the LDL cholesterol
14、from even accumulating in the bodys bloodstream. 3. The high amounts of quercetin, other flavonoids(类黄酮 ), and phytochemicals(植物化学因子 )found in this fruit deliver potent antioxidant activity to all who eat an apple, and with that inhibit the actions of free radicals. In addition, the phytochemicals m
15、ay act against cancer-causing substances, which will likewise help to prevent cancer. This means that apple eating prevents cancer of the prostate(前列腺 )and lung, as well as other parts of the body. 4. There may have been many generations of explorers that sought the fountain of youth, but all they h
16、ad to do was fight the daily stresses of life with a tasty apple! The phytochemicals that come from the bright colors you find in the skins of your favorite apple variety, along with aiding the apples ability to lower cholesterol and fight cancer, also inhibits the onset of diabetes, high blood pres
17、sure, heart disease, and other conditions that lead to potentially weakening situations in old age. 5. If keeping a full head of hair will help you to age more gracefully, then chow down on some apples. Chinese medicine considers hair loss to be a sign of a reduced kidney essence, and apples are on
18、the list of fruits and vegetables that will help you to restore this essence and nourish the blood that flows to your hair follicles(毛囊 ). Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(AG)on
19、 the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. Apples lower cholesterol. B. Apples benefit young and old. C. Apples slow the aging process. D. Apples reduce the risk of cancer. E. Apples help to prevent hair loss. F. Apples enrich peoples diet. G. Apples improve the bowels. 9 Paragraph 1:_ 10 P
20、aragraph 2:_ 11 Paragraph 3:_ 12 Paragraph 4:_ 13 Paragraph 5:_ 13 Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(AG)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. different colors B. hair folli
21、cles C. dietary fiber D. antioxidant activity E. their cholesterol F. hair loss G. free radicals 14 Apples provide people with_. 15 Eating apples enable people to drop_. 16 Apple eating is conducive to the inhibition of_. 17 The skins of different kinds of apples may appear in_. 18 A common problem
22、in the elderly is_. 三、 Part 3 18 Read the following article and answer questions 19-25. For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on your Answer Sheet. Small, Imperfectly Formed One has to look a long time for an American politician of any political stripe who has
23、 failed to laud small businesses. Still, many have little clue as to what makes such businesses succeed or fail. Federal agencies aimed at helping small business, such as the Small Business Administration and the Minority Business Development Agency, have been around for half a century, yet persiste
24、nt differences remain between the performance of businesses founded by white, male entrepreneurs and the rest. Blacks are less likely to be self-employed, for example, and when they are their businesses, on average, have lower sales and profits than do their white-or Asian-owned counterparts. If res
25、earchers could explain the causes of these differences, policy-makers could(at least in theory)supply small businesses with more useful help. Two researchers for the Census Bureaus Centre for Economic Studies, Ron Jarmin and C.J. Krizan, recently published a working paper attempting to understand de
26、mographic differences behind small businesses success and failure. They concentrated on the years 2002 to 2005, with three databases at their disposal: the Survey of Business Owners, conducted every five years; the Longitudinal Foreign Trade Transaction Database, which includes every US export trans
27、action between 1992 and 2005; and a database co-developed by Mr Jarmin, which allowed the authors to track whether the owners of the firms in their sample had prior experience being their own bosses. By drawing from on the power of the Censuss data collection efforts, the authors hoped to create a m
28、ore nuanced picture of business survival. Some of their findings were not terribly surprising. A firms chances of survival, regardless of the race or sex of its owner, decreased in poorer areas; and the better the education of the founder, the more likely it was to succeed. Businesses owned by Asian
29、s, Hispanics, or Pacific Islanders were more likely to be exporters. Older entrepreneurs were more likely to use personal savings to start their businesses; younger owners were more likely to have to close up shop during the study period than were their middle-aged rivals. However, the data also con
30、firmed that black-and female-owned businesses tended to perform worse than the average. They were also less likely to have been funded by bank loans. Still, the businesses that survived, regardless of the owners race, tended to add employees at similar rates. Furthermore, after controlling for facto
31、rs such as the education and race of the owner, there was no statistically significant difference in firms abilities to expand into different locations. Finally, black entrepreneurs were more likely to have a history of self-employment than their white counterparts. Messrs Jarmin and Krizans paper i
32、s not the first to suggest that black entrepreneurs, less likely to have other business owners in their family or personal networks, tend to “start small“ when they venture out on their own. Most researchers get to end their papers by speculating, usually without much fear of consequence, as to the
33、policy implications of their work. The authors of this paper, not wishing to imply that the Census Bureau might have policy opinions, declined to do so. But the reader can make some guesses. One is that mentorship programmes may be particularly useful for promoting entrepreneurship among blacks. Ano
34、ther is that reaching out to businesses based on the owners race might be less useful than supporting businesses in poorer areas. And small businesses of all stripes would be helped by improving that other institution lauded by politicians: Americas education system. 19 Most politicians in the U.S._
35、. （ A） have had some experiences in running a small business （ B） have made great efforts in helping small businesses （ C） have paid little attention to small businesses （ D） have spoken highly of small businesses 20 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Most small businesses are operated
36、by white people. （ B） Federal agencies have failed in giving small businesses much help. （ C） Small businesses run by white male people are generally more profitable. （ D） More federal agencies aimed at helping small businesses will be established. 21 When working on their paper Ron Jarmin and C.J.
37、Krizan_. （ A） built up three databases （ B） mainly studied the data of four years （ C） interviewed the owners of some small businesses （ D） found the Survey of Business Owners especially helpful 22 According to Ron Jarmin and C.J. Krizans paper, it is true that_. （ A） older entrepreneurs were more k
38、een on saving money （ B） education played a role in running a small business （ C） a business run by a black was less likely to survive in a poor area （ D） younger entrepreneurs spent more time on study 23 One of Ron Jarmin and C.J. Krizans surprising findings is that_. （ A） successful businesses did
39、nt show much difference in recruitment rates （ B） locations were essential for small businesses success or failure （ C） most black entrepreneurs had a history of self-employment （ D） female-owned businesses were the least likely to survive 24 One of the problems black owners and female owners faced
40、was_. （ A） poor education （ B） low work efficiency （ C） lack of family backups （ D） difficult access to bank loans 25 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） the education system in the U.S. needs improving （ B） the Census Bureaus Centre is sponsored by the government （ C） U.S researchers do
41、nt have much say in how the country is run （ D） mentorship programs have been proved unsuccessful 四、 Part 4 25 Read the following text and decide which answer best fits each space. For questions 2645, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet Nuclear Age The Oyster Creek nuclear plant in New
42、 Jersey opened when the Beatles were still together, and since 1969 its single 645MW boiling-water reactor has provided enough energy to power 600,000 homes annually. But the oldest nuclear plant in the U.S. will be retired a little【 C1】 _Last year its owner, Exelon. announced that it would【 C2】_Oys
43、ter Creek in 2019, 10 years ahead of schedule. The reason: the【 C3】_plant costs too much to keep running【 C4】 _. The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster has focused new attention on the【 C5】_future of the American atomic sector. But the U.S. nuclear industry was already facing a very【 C6】 _problem: i
44、ts aging fleet of reactors. Nuclear plants were built with 40-year licenses that can theoretically be【 C7】 _to 60 or even 80 years. Half the countrys 104 reactors are more than 30 years old and【 C8】 _middle age. So far, 62 plants have been【 C9】 _20-year extensions, and 20 more have applications pend
45、ing【 C10】 _like the one in Fukushima, the oldest plants in the U.S. 【 C11】 _to have fewer safety measures. If regulators crack down, operators could【 C12】 _-as Exelon did with Oyster Creek that upgrading is not worth the【 C13】 _and shut down the plants If no new nuclear plants are built to【 C14】_the
46、m, nuclear could fade into obsolescence. Ironically, that could have【 C15】 _environmental effects. A report by the Breakthrough Institute, an energy think tank, found that replacing all U.S. nuclear【 C16】 _a mix of coal and gas would raise carbon【 C17】 _9% by 2030. “We need to understand that there
47、would be【 C18】 _to pulling back on nuclear,“ says Michael Levi, a senior fellow for energy and the environment at the Council on Foreign Relations.【 C19】 _a great athlete, nuclear power may be【 C20】_after it retires. 26 【 C1】 （ A） easily （ B） truly （ C） early （ D） clearly 27 【 C2】 （ A） close （ B） ch
48、ange （ C） sell （ D） return 28 【 C3】 （ A） demanding （ B） aging （ C） promising （ D） amazing 29 【 C4】 （ A） safely （ B） quickly （ C） frequently （ D） typically 30 【 C5】 （ A） hopeless （ B） great （ C） bright （ D） troubled 31 【 C6】 （ A） new （ B） old （ C） different （ D） technical 32 【 C7】 （ A） adjusted （ B）
49、applied （ C） extended （ D） stored 33 【 C8】 （ A） developing （ B） presenting （ C） accepting （ D） reaching 34 【 C9】 （ A） granted （ B） created （ C） dismissed （ D） collected 35 【 C10】 （ A） But （ B） Therefore （ C） Although （ D） when 36 【 C11】 （ A） aim （ B） tend （ C） choose （ D） seek 37 【 C12】 （ A） prove （ B） confirm （ C） decide （ D） report 38
