1、BFT（阅读）模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 一、 Part 1 0 Read the article below and choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on the Answer Sheet Do not mark any letter twice. Smartphone Data to Give Early Warning of Earthquakes One day last Augus
2、t, in the early hours of the morning, a 6.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa Valley, waking people all around Californias famed wine region.【 R1】_Once the quake was over, tracker company Jawbone gathered the data in a public graphic, using it to detail the differences in disturbance for life loggers
3、 in Berkeley, Oakland and San Jose. Now new research shows that sensors in smartphones can give early warning of an earthquake too. 【 R2】 _Many of us walk around laden with devices that compile data on our movements and interests - data that seismologists now want to help spot the next major earthqu
4、ake. At the US Geological Survey, Benjamin Brooks is looking to smartphones rather than finely tuned scientific instruments to predict big quakes. Smartphones come equipped with GPS sensors that can tell where youre standing, give or take a few metres.【 R3】_They can also sense a sudden lurch in one
5、direction - the kind of movement that, when logged by many people at once, might be a sign of a seismic shift. “Imagine all of Portland was out at a cafe on a sunny day, and everyones smartphones were sitting on the table when one of these great earthquakes happened,“ says Brooks. “The whole city wo
6、uld appear to move.“ 【 R4】 _One simulation explored a model magnitude 7.0 earthquake along the Hayward fault, and another used actual location data recorded at scientific stations during Japans devastating 2011 megaquake. Both scenarios suggested that data from around 5000 people would be enough to
7、spot the beginnings of a major earthquake, leaving about 5 seconds to warn major population centres that hadnt yet felt its effects. When an earthquake is coming, a few seconds of warning can be crucial.【 R5】_“You get out in front of the situation and inform people before any ill effects,“ says Broo
8、ks. Smart sensing This isnt seismologists first foray into smart phones. Two years ago, researchers at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena came out with an app, Crowdshake, which monitors a phones accelerometer.【 R6】 _Until then, Brooks and his colleagues plan to keep putting smartpho
9、nes to the test. In an upcoming pilot in Chile, about 250 phones will be stripped of their standard GPS cards and placed in boxes around the country, where theyll lie in wait to record the next big earthquake. Others have found ingenious ways to tap into human activity to locate quakes. 【 R7】_ Whene
10、ver theres a sudden surge of traffic to their website, they look at where visitors are accessing it from to get a sense of where the earthquake is and how strong it might be.【 R8】 _Within a couple of minutes, they have enough information to publish their first unconfirmed reports of the quake. “The
11、internet is the nervous system of the planet,“ says Remy Bossu, secretary general at the centre. “If we want to make rapid earthquake information available to the public and authorities, we have to focus on the earthquakes that matter for them.“ A. At the European-Mediterranean Seismological Center,
12、 seismologists rely on the internet to pinpoint where earthquakes are happening around the globe. B. Many were wearing fitness trackers. C. Unfortunately, with GPS data it isnt as simple as building an app: smartphone manufacturers dont currently provide access to the raw data required. D. While Jaw
13、bones post didnt inspire confidence in the privacy of users data, it did make a point: humans can be useful sensors. E. On an ordinary day, these are what allow us to map our way to a store or geolocate our tweets. F. Fire-station doors could start to raise, gas pipelines could automatically shut of
14、f, and city residents could jump to safety under a nearby desk. G. They also monitor Twitter for relevant keywords. H. Brooks and his colleagues have now tested what crowd sourced GPS data might look like in a real earthquake. 1 【 R1】 2 【 R2】 3 【 R3】 4 【 R4】 5 【 R5】 6 【 R6】 7 【 R7】 8 【 R8】 二、 Part 2
15、 8 Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. The New Colour of British Army 1. It took scientists a year to get the right shade - and if truth be told, it might take several more for soldiers to get used to it - but after more than sixty years bearing the same dark yello
16、w colour, the British military is to adopt a new Army Brown. In what is likely to be one of the biggest make-over the forces have undertaken, the armys fleet of desert vehicles is being repainted, replacing the previous Light Stone camouflage that has adorned tanks and troops carriers since before t
17、he Second World War. 2. Some of the new Foxhound patrol vehicles being used in Afghanistan have already been re-sprayed with up to 30 litres of the new colour per vehicle, hinting at the scale of the paint job required over the coming years. The army has around 5,000 combat vehicles - and all confli
18、cts over the last 20 years have taken place in sandy environments. 3. The scientists who developed it insist Army Brown is the colour of the future, and the paint is clever too. They are working on a formula which will turn it into a different shade when chemicals have been detected to warn troops o
19、f the dangers around them. “The new colour is a tan brown whereas the old was a dark yellow,“ said Andrew Richardson from AkzoNobel, the firm which developed it. “It is a dirt colour as opposed to a sand colour. When you are close up there is a significant difference.“ Richardson claimed it was the
20、most advanced paint the military had ever used, and is similar to the colours used by the US and Australian militaries. 4. The Ministry of Defence decided it wanted a change of hue last year, with officers saying they needed something that could work in places such as Afghanistan, but blend in easil
21、y in other hot and dusty environments. Defence officials gather: red rock and soil samples back from Afghanistan for a team at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, which came up with the ideal new colour. AkzoNobel then turned it into a camouflage paint that “will replace the sand colour t
22、hat has been used on army vehicles since before the Second World War.“ 5. Though Richardson said the “new paint colour has been specifically designed of the desert-like environment where most operations currently take place“, he insisted it would work elsewhere. “It was designed to provide a better
23、balance between desert-like areas and the green zone.“ The Ministry of Defence said the new colour added to the basic range used by the military. Green is used for colder climates - and pink has been used in places such as Saudi Arabia, to help military planes blend in. However, brown is very much d
24、e rigueur for the British military at the moment; after extensive trials involving 3,500 personnel, the army has plumped For a dark chocolate colour for its new combat boots. Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each numbered p
25、aragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. The advantage of the new colour and the paint B. The differences between the new and the old colours C. The biggest make-over of the British military D. The Ministrys comments on the new colour E. The heavy wor
26、kload of the repainting job F. The design and development of the new colour G. The basic range of colours of the world military 9 Paragraph 1_ 10 Paragraph 2_ 11 Paragraph3 _ 12 Paragraph 4_ 13 Paragraph5 _ 13 Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from th
27、e list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. it suits non-desert-like areas as well. B. they had borne the old colour for more than sixty years. C. the new colour is exactly what the military needs at the moment. D. it has various
28、 shades and can warn of dangers. E. it has rock and soil from desert-like areas as samples. F. the military needs to adapt to the new environments of operations. G. there is a significant difference between a dirt colour and a sand color. 14 It might take a long time for soldiers to get used to the
29、new colour because _. 15 The scientists think the new paint is the most advanced in that _. 16 The reason for the Ministry of Defence to change the colour is that _. 17 The new colour isnt limited to desert-like environments because _. 18 The phrase “de rigueur“ in the last paragraph indicates that
30、_. 三、 Part 3 18 Read the following article and answer questions J 9-25. For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on your Answer Sheet. Facts about Aging The overall difference in life expectancy at birth in the United States is about 7 years(i.e.72 for men vs. 79
31、 for women); and at every age women, on average, can expect to live longer than men. Interestingly, older women are more likely to suffer from debilitating illnesses than men. However, this difference seems to reflect the fact that women typically have less wealth and education than men - two factor
32、s that are associated with shorter life expectancies for both sexes. When the effects of poverty and education are removed in the relevant statistical analyses, these sex differences in rates of disability disappear. The elderly generally show very high interest in associating with friends and close
33、 family members. What they show less interest in than younger adults is the expansion of their social networks to make new friends. About one-third of problem drinkers develop their alcohol abuse problem late in life, and this problem of alcoholism among the aged is indeed more acute for women than
34、men. Overuse of drugs may result from the tendency of some doctors to automatically prescribe drugs rather than search for underlying physical or psychological causes of symptoms, especially when the patients are elderly women. It may also reflect the fact that women are more likely to be facing the
35、 loneliness and stress associated with the loss of a spouse than men, and are generally more likely to seek help from a doctor. Alzheimers disease, the much-dreaded form of dementia associated with profound memory loss and other increasingly devastating symptoms, is a condition that strikes a signif
36、icant number of elderly people. Nevertheless, most elderly people will never suffer such memory loss. In fact, contemporary estimates suggest that moderate to severe memory loss is found in only 4 to 6 percent of adults over age 65. The most important point to be aware of is that while memory(especi
37、ally short term memory)does deteriorate somewhat as we get older, profound memory loss is not a “natural“ consequence of the aging process. It is a product of disease. Evidence of profound memory loss should prompt a visit to a physician who specializes in such problems. After age 80 the ratio of wi
38、dows to widowers in the U.S. is about 5 to 1. This statistic reflects the fact that women have a longer life expectancy than men, and the fact that women typically marry men older than themselves. Differences in wealth may also make it easier for marriage-minded widowers to find mates than widows, s
39、ince elderly women are more likely to be living in poverty than elderly men. The stereotype of depressed lonely old people is a pervasive one, but it is not supported by the facts. While social isolation is a problem for many older people, it is also a problem for many young people as well. Surveys
40、consistently show that, in the absence of serious illness, older people generally report higher levels of happiness or life satisfaction than young people. One reason for this is that as people age they seem to devote increasing attention to the task of managing their affective states and avoiding s
41、adness or anxiety. Although there is considerable variability in the degree of loss, sensory decline is fairly inevitable. These losses, it should be noted, have important implications for environmental design in the care of the elderly. For example, greater use of acoustical tile to absorb backgrou
42、nd noise, use of non-slippery floor surfaces to provide additional traction, and use of non-glare surfaces and clearly marked boundaries can all increase comfort and safety. 19 What are the two factors that contribute to longer life expectancies for people? （ A） Poverty and poorer health. （ B） Pover
43、ty and less education. （ C） Better health and more wealth. （ D） More wealth and better education. 20 Which of the following statements is true of elderly people? （ A） They are interested in joining close family members. （ B） They are enthusiastic for making new friends. （ C） Many of them suffer from
44、 serious illnesses. （ D） Many of them live in poverty. 21 Many elderly women face the problem of overusing drugs because_. （ A） they believe that drugs can cure their diseases （ B） some doctors tend to let them take more drugs （ C） doctors cannot find the real causes of their diseases （ D） taking dr
45、ugs is a way for them to be away from loneliness 22 According to Para. 4, it is true that_. （ A） profound memory becomes worse as people get older （ B） Alzheimers disease is associated with short term memory loss （ C） most elderly people over the age of 65 suffer from severe memory loss （ D） a perso
46、n should go to the doctor when showing symptoms of profound memory loss 23 It is easier for elderly widowers than widows to find mates because the widowers_. （ A） tend to marry women younger than themselves （ B） have a greater desire to get married （ C） generally have more wealth （ D） usually feel m
47、ore lonely 24 Compared with young people, older people are more likely to_. （ A） fall ill （ B） feel depressed （ C） experience satisfaction （ D） isolate themselves from society 25 The authors tone about aging is_. （ A） humorous （ B） objective （ C） doubtful （ D） negative 四、 Part 4 25 Read the followin
48、g text and choose the best word for each space. For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. Do You Need an MBA? Perhaps you have seen the media stories and some of the exciting career opportunities of MBAs, and you imagine, “That could be me . “ You might be well into the
49、 career of【 C1】 _dreams, but you have been told you will need an【 C2】 _to advance. Or, you may be at a【 C3】 _in your career and wonder how you should make a translation.【 C4】 _of what initially inspired you to consider an MBA degree, you【 C5】 _start with a thorough self-assessment process that will help you match your personal strengths and interests with your professional ones to help you explore【 C6】
