1、BFT（阅读）模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 Part 1 0 Read the article below and choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. Seasick? Try Controlling Your Breathing If you get seasick easily, yo
2、u may prepare for boat rides with pressure-point bracelets, ginger, or a prescription skin patch.【 R1】 _The technique presumably works because it helps control gravity sensors in the abdomen - a lesser-known input to our fine-tuned balance system. 【 R2】 _The inner ears sense motions of the head; the
3、 eyes see where the head is; and tiny sensory organs in muscles and tendons sense where the rest of the body is. More recently, researchers have realized that sensors in many other parts of the body also play a role: in the abdomen, the lower organs, and even blood vessels.【 R3】 _But if one or two d
4、ont match up, the brain gets confused and we become nauseated. Scientists knew the most sickening motions closely match the rate of natural breathing; they also knew that people naturally tend to breathe in time with a motion. 【 R4】_ Researchers from Imperial College London enlisted 26 volunteers to
5、 sit in a tilting, rocking flight simulator and coordinate their breathing in various ways with the motion.【 R5】 _The natural tendency was for volunteers to inhale on every backward tilt, in rhythm with the rocking. 【 R6】 _They felt even better if they breathed slightly faster or slower than the cyc
6、lic heaving of the chair; using that technique, the time until onset of nausea was 50% longer than during normal breathing. 【 R7】 _Abdominal sensors are known to send motion signals to the brain more slowly than those in the inner ear because theyre farther away from the brain and because abdominal
7、organs have more mass, which means they resist movement a tiny bit longer.【 R8】 _But if the diaphragm opposes gravity-induced stomach motions with controlled breaths, there is less sensory conflict and less nausea. “This technique is very good for mild everyday challenges,“ says medical research sci
8、entist Michael Gresty, a member of the study team. “Its completely safe, and its not a drug.“ A. But if the subjects exhaled on every backward tilt, they didnt get sick as quickly. B. As long as all of these sensors send matching signals to the brain, we feel oriented. C. Now theres one more remedy:
9、 timing your breathing to counteract the nauseating motion. D. So why do these tactics work? E. The brain is traditionally thought to sense body position in three ways. F. The time lag between the two types of sensors creates a mismatch that builds up in the brain and makes us gradually sicker, the
10、researchers say. G. The tests lasted up to 30 minutes, or until subjects felt moderately sick. H. But no one had ever tested whether breathing out of time with a motion could prevent nausea. 1 【 R1】 2 【 R2】 3 【 R3】 4 【 R4】 5 【 R5】 6 【 R6】 7 【 R7】 8 【 R8】 二、 Part 2 8 Read the following article about
11、New Yorks setback and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. New Yorks Setback Expected to Be Deeper than Nations 1. It probably came as no surprise to most New Yorkers that the nation had officially slipped into a recession by spring, or that the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11 knocked the wobbly le
12、gs out from under an already shaky economy. 2. From Wall Street to Kew Gardens, the pain has been palpable. Just as nearly every resident of the city and surrounding area knew someone who lost a life in the World Trade Center, most know someone who has been directly affected by its economic aftermat
13、h dislocations, pay cuts and job losses. 3. That giant sucking sound? It is the gasp of collective belt-tightening across the five boroughs. Statistics confirm the anecdotes. New York City lost 44,200 jobs just in October, the New York State Labor Department said. It could lose 50,000 more by mid-20
14、02. 4. Economists and accountants have tried to tally the damage stemming from the attack, and though their figures do not always match, the costs are undeniably substantial. In addition to the physical damage and cleanup expenses estimated at $30 billion, the attacks could cost New York City some $
15、20 billion in lost economic activity like retail sales and tourism services this year and $10 billion more next year, according to E, a research firm based in West Chester, Pa. The $20 billion pledged by the federal government in emergency aid and billions more in insurance payments will help offset
16、 those costs, though only about half the federal assistance has actually been appropriated. A sharp falloff in tax revenue, however, will leave the state and city with yawning budget gaps not seen since the early 1990s. The city alone projects a shortfall of $1.3 billion next 5 year and $3.6 billion
17、 in 2003. 5. That will keep New Yorks prospects dim even if the national economy emerges from recession, as economists predict it will in the second half of 2002. New York, they said, will endure a deeper and more protracted downturn than the rest of the country will feel. The gross city product, a
18、measure of the citys economic output, declined 1.6 percent in the third quarter, compared with a 0.4 percent fall for the nation as a whole. 6. Some economists compare the situation in New York to that of cities hit by natural disasters, like Hurricane Andrew in 1992 or the earthquake in Kobe, Japan
19、, in 1995. Initial slumps were followed by building booms that led to revived economies, said Stephen Kagann, chief economist for Gov. George E. Patakis office. 7. New York, however, will not be helped by a building boom, he said. Rebuilding the World Trade Center, as huge as such a project would be
20、, is unlikely to have a significant impact on the economy, Mr. Kagann said. The original construction had 3,500 jobs at its peak, with maybe 1,500 more ancillary jobs created together, only 0.2 percent of all jobs in the region. “The citys economy is simply too large for rebuilding to be a significa
21、nt boost,“ he said. Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each indicated paragraph, mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. Deeper setback for city B. Role of rebuilding in citys recovery C. Pa
22、lpable pain D. Consequences of natural disasters E. Estimated economic losses F. Rising unemployment G. Economists optimism about citys economy 9 Paragraph 2_ 10 Paragraph 3_ 11 Paragraph 4_ 12 Paragraph 5_ 13 Paragraph 7 _ 13 Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18, with a w
23、ord or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. substantial damage B. as different C. the terrorist attacks D. the citys economy E. the rest of the nation F. clearly avoidable G. easily noticeable 14 The nation ha
24、d already slipped into a recession before _. 15 The pain caused by the terrorist attack is _. 16 The terrorist attacks on the city have brought about _. 17 Economists predict that New York will fare worse than _. 18 Rebuilding wont be of much help in reviving _. 三、 Part 3 18 Read the following artic
25、le and answer questions 19-25. For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on your Answer Sheet. To Tweet or Not to Tweet The economy may be troubled, but one area is thriving: social media. They begin with Facebook and extend through a dizzying array of companies t
26、hat barely existed five years ago: Twitter, LinkedIn, Groupon, Yammer, Yelp, Flickr, Ning, Digg and the list goes on. These companies are mostly private but have attracted the ardent attention of Wall Street and investors, with Facebook now worth a purported $75 billion and Groupon valued at close t
27、o $25 billion. There can be little doubt than these companies enrich their founders as well as some investors. But do they add anything to overall economic activity? While jobs in social media are growing fast, there were only about 21,000 listings last spring, a tiny fraction of the 150 million-mem
28、ber U.S. workforce. So do social-media tools enhance productivity or help us bridge the wealth divide? Or are they simply social-entertaining and diverting us but a wash when it comes to national economic health? The answers are vital, because billions of dollars in investment capital are being spen
29、t on these ventures, and if we are to have a productive future economy, that capital needs to grow the economic pie and not just among the elite of Silicon Valley and Wall Street. The U.S. retains a competitive advantage because of its ability to innovate, but if that innovation creates services tha
30、t dont turn into jobs, growth and prosperity, then it does us only marginal good. The problem is that these tools are so new that it is extremely difficult to answer the questions definitively. Flash back nearly 20 years and the same questions were being asked about the first Internet wave. Were Net
31、scape and the Web enhancing our economy, or were people just spending more time at work checking out ESPN.com? Official statistics werent designed to capture the benefits, and didnt until statistics mavens at the Federal Reserve, urged on by Alan Greenspan, refined the way they measured productivity
32、. As a result of these somewhat controversial innovations, the late 1990s became a period of substantial technology-driven gains. It is possible that the same gap exists today, that social-media tools are indeed laying the groundwork for new industries and jobs but arent yet registering on the stati
33、stical radar. Many companies believe social media make them more competitive. Ford and Zappos, for instance, use Twitter to market their products and address consumer complaints. Countless corporations have created internal Facebook pages and Yammer accounts for employees to communicate across divis
34、ions and regions. Industry groups for engineers, doctors and human-resources professionals have done the same to share new ideas and solutions on a constant basis rather than episodically at conferences. Staffing companies have been especially keen on social media; a senior executive at Manpower tol
35、d me we should think of social-media tools as todays version of the telephone. One big question is what proportion of that benefit will be captured economically by consumers vs. corporations. Sure, social media allow people to compare prices and quality and assess which companies are good to work fo
36、r and where jobs might be. They also may enhance education and idea sharing, but the caveat is that the people who use these tools are the ones with higher education and income to spend on technology, not the tens of millions whose position in todays world has eroded so sharply. According to a recen
37、t Pew Foundation study, only 45% of adults making less than $30,000 have access to broadband, which is an essential component of using content-rich social media effectively. And that is the rub. Like so many things these days, social media contribute to economic bifurcation. Dynamic companies are be
38、nefiting from these tools, even if the gains are tough to nail down in specific figures. Many individuals are benefiting too, using Linkedln to find jobs and Groupon to find deals. Bui for now, the irony is that social media widen the social divide, making it even harder for the have-nots to navigat
39、e. They allow those with jobs to do them more effectively and companies that are profiting to profit more. But so far. they have done little to aid those who are being left behind. They are, in short, business as usual. 19 Which of the following statements about the social media companies is NOT tru
40、e? （ A） Most of them are private. （ B） They are growing fast in value. （ C） They are enjoying huge sums of investment. （ D） They contribute greatly to workforce market. 20 It is critical to know social medias contribution to national economic health because _. （ A） it makes Silicon Valley become mor
41、e competitive （ B） the investors from the Wall Street need to know it （ C） it is of crucial importance for future economy （ D） it guarantees the benefits of social media founders 21 It is difficult to clarify social medias contribution to national economic health because_. （ A） investment returns ar
42、e unclear （ B） it is a new industry （ C） it is not environment friendly （ D） it is Internet-driven 22 The expression “the same gap“(Para. 5)refers to _. （ A） existence of social media and registration of statistical radar （ B） creation of new companies and measurement of productivity （ C） substantia
43、l economic gains and development of new technology （ D） economic benefits from social media and lack of official statistics 23 Ford and Zappos are cited as examples to illustrate that _. （ A） Twitter is the best social-media tool for companies （ B） it takes time for companies to become keen on socia
44、l media （ C） companies can get economic benefit by using social-media tools （ D） big companies are playing leading roles in using social-media tools 24 Who are most unlikely to benefit from social media? （ A） People unemployed. （ B） Wall Street investors. （ C） Profitable companies. （ D） Well-educate
45、d people. 25 What is the authors attitude to social medias contribution to national economic health? （ A） indifferent. （ B） Doubtful. （ C） Positive. （ D） Neutral. 四、 Part 4 25 Read the following text and decide which answer best fits each space. For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on y
46、our Answer Sheet. Museum Science When deadly virus outbreaks occur, scientists want to know where the disease is coming from and how to stop it. In their search for【 C1】 _, some will pay a visit to their local museum. They are not trying to take their minds off the outbreak.【 C2】_. they come to sift
47、 through the museums historic collections, looking for【 C3】_that might help them save lives. For instance, in the 1990s, there was an【 C4】 _of hantavirus in New Mexico and nearby states. The sometimes-deadly disease【 C5】 _flulike symptoms and difficulty breathing. At the time, no one knew the【 C6】 _
48、of the outbreak. Some people even suspected terrorists might have【 C7】 _the germs as a biological weapon. But Robert Baker and his coworkers wondered if a rodent might be to【 C8】_This biologist is a director at the Natural Science Research Laboratory at the Museum of Texas Tech University in Lubbock
49、. Baker knew mice and rats can【 C9】_viruses to humans. So he turned to the labs stores of dried and frozen tissues for help. Those【 C10】 _included some collected decades earlier from New Mexico rodents. His team analyzed deer-mouse lung samples that had been【 C11】 _in a freezer since the 1980s. Some indeed【 C12】 _hantavirus. This showed the ge
